Genetic characterization of H9N2 avian influenza virus previously unrecognized in Korea

Gyeong-Beom Heo 대한수의학회 2021 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.22 No.2

In this study, we describe the isolation and characterization of previously unreported Y280-lineage H9N2 viruses from two live bird markets in Korea in June 2020. Genetic analysis revealed that they were distinct from previous H9N2 viruses circulating in Korea and had highest homology to A/chicken/Shandong/1844/2019(H9N2) viruses. Their genetic constellation showed they belonged to genotype S, which is the predominant genotype in China since 2010, where genotype S viruses have infected humans and acted as internal gene donors to H5 and H7 zoonotic influenza viruses. Active surveillance and control measures need to be enhanced to protect the poultry industry and public health.

Avian influenza Surveillance in wild bird in Korea between 2015 and 2016

( Gyeong-beom Heo ),( Eun-kyoung Lee ),( Yu-na Lee ),( Youn-jeong Lee ),( Mingeun Sagong ),( Myoung-heon Lee ),( Yong-joo Kim ) 대한인수공통전염병학회 2018 창립총회 및 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2018 No.1

Introduction: National surveillance of avian influenza virus (AIV) in Korea has been annually conducted for early detection of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI). In Korea, there have been four times of outbreaks of H5N1 HPAI between 2003 and 2011. During 2014-2015, large epizootics in poultry have been caused by H5N8 HPAI viruses. In this study, we report on the result of a nationwide surveillance for AIV in wild birds in Korea between 2015 and 2016. Methods: Samples were collected by the Livestock Health Control Association and regional veterinary offices. The feces of wild birds were collected in major migratory habitats. Healthy migratory birds were captured and oropharyngeal/cloacal swabs were collected from these birds. Each sample was screened by real-time PCR. AIVs were isolated by inoculation on embryonated SPF chicken egg with samples and the presence of AIV was determined using a hemagglutination assay. For sutyping of AIV, HA and NA genes of the AIV isolates were amplified with gene-specific primers using RT-PCR and confirmed by directly sequencing. Results: Between 2015 and 2016, 28,849 samples were collected from wild birds. Of these, 24,091 of wild bird feces, 4,686 from captured birds, and 72 dead birds. A total of 228 viruses were isolated and the various subtypes were found including H1-H12. The major subtypes were H5 (n=59), H6 (n=39), H4 (n=33) and H3 (n=30). H5 AIV was further classified into four NA subtypes: H5N3 (n=23), H5N6 (n=18), H5N8 (n=16) and H5N9 (n=2). H5N6 and H5N8 subtypes were isolated in wild bird feces (n=18), captured bird (n=10), and dead bird (n=6), respectively. These viruses belonged to clade 2.3.4.4 and confirmed as HPAI virus. The H5N6 HPAI viruses isolated in late 2016 were phylogenetically distinguishable from the clade 2.3.4.4 H5N8 HPAI viruses previously isolated in Korea during 2014-2015. Conclusion: Between 2015 and 2016, viruses of various subtypes, including H5 HPAIVs and LPAIV, were isolated from wild bird through AI surveillance. AI Surveillance in wild birds should be enhanced for earlier detection of AIV introduced by wild birds to implement the effective control measure to prevent HPAI outbreaks in poultry farms.

Novel H8N4 avian influenza virus isolated from Mallard in South Korea, between 2016 and 2017

Gyeong Beom Heo,Eun Kyoung Lee,Byung Min Song,Yu NA Lee,Youn Jeong Lee 대한수의학회 2017 대한수의학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2017 No.-

한국 중년여성에서 내장지방 축적이 당질 대사에 미치는 영향

허갑범 ( Heo Gab Beom ),안광진 ( An Gwang Jin ),이현철 ( Lee Hyeon Cheol ),임승길 ( Im Seung Gil ),이영해 ( Lee Yeong Hae ),이종호 ( Lee Jong Ho ),김명중 ( Kim Myeong Jung ),백인경 ( Baeg In Gyeong ),박유경 ( Park Yu Gyeong ),이 대한내과학회 1993 대한내과학회지 Vol.44 No.5

Backgrounds: Although Koreans are generally leaner than people in America, they have a tendency to central adipose tissue distribution. Central obesity with visceral fat accumulation, measured by computed tomography, can cause metabolic complications. We determined the relation between obesity and glucose metabolism in 55 Korean middle-aged women. Methods: Anthropometric parameters and visceral and subcutaneous fat areas at the umbilical level were determined as indices of obesity. Nutrient intake, serum levles of lipids and response areas of glucose, C-peptide, insulin, and free fatty acid (FFA) during oral glucose tolerance test were determineds. Results: Visceral fat area correlated the most significantly with biochemical parameters among obese indices. The triglyceride level and the response area of FFA, glucose, insulin and C-peptide were all higher in the group of visceral-type obesity (n=20, visceral fat area>10000 mm²), than in the group of subcutaneous-type obesity (n=18, visceral fat area<7400 mm²), though percent ideal body weight was not different between two groups. Thirty five percents in the group of visceral-type obesity showed impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and non-insulin-dependent diabeyts mellitus (NIDDM). Body weight, subcutaneous fat area and the response areas of insulin and C-peptide were lower and the response areas of FFA and glucose were higher in visceral-type obese patients with IGT and NIDDM thatn in visceral-type obese subjects with normal glucose tolerance. Conclusions: Our results indicate that increased visceral fat area can be associated with the development of NIDDM because of the severe insulin resistance, even when small amonunt of insulin secretion in decreased. Increased calorie intake and decrease physical activity could partly explain visceral fat accumulation in the intraabdominal cabity.

비만인에서 체중 감소가 당질 및 지질 대사에 미치는 영향

허갑범 ( Heo Gab Beom ),정윤석 ( Jeong Yun Seog ),박석원 ( Park Seog Won ),이현철 ( Lee Hyeon Cheol ),임승길 ( Im Seung Gil ),이영해 ( Lee Yeong Hae ),이종호 ( Lee Jong Ho ),백인경 ( Baeg In Gyeong ),박유경 ( Park Yu Gyeong ),이 대한내과학회 1993 대한내과학회지 Vol.44 No.4

Background: The purpose of obesity treatment is to attain optimal body weight and to maintain weight loss. We determined the effects of weight loss with a program including dietary education, exercise and behavioral modification of lifestyle on obese subjects. Methods: Middle-aged obese women (n=30) and men (n=9) participated in a 6-month weight-management program. Anthropometric parameters and visceral and subcutaneous fat areas at the umbilical level were determined before and after weight loss. Serum levels of lipids and response areas of glucose, C-peptide, insulin and free fatty acid(FFA) during oral glucose tolerance test were determined. Results: Body weight fell and average of 3.9 kg(6.3) in women and 4.1 kg (5.4%) in men. Modest weight loss showed a 23 to 48% decrease in the levels of serum LDL and total colesteorl and a 50 to 130% increase in the ratio of HDL to total cholesterol in all subjects. Although intraabdominal total fat area of females before weight loss was not different from males, females showed subcutaneous-type obesity and males visceral-type obesity. Compared with females, males before weight loss showed and increase in the levels of triglyceride, FFA and insulin. Although weight loss caused a decrease in intraabdominal total fat area in all subjects, a significant decrease in visceral fat area was only shown in men. Decreased visceral fat in males lowered FFA level and decreased FFA level lowered serum triglyceride level (49%) and response area of insulin (56%) in men. Conclusion: The results suggest that modest weight reduction through a weight management program can be viable approach to help normalize plasma lipids and lipoproteins in obese individuals. Modest and gradual weight loss can also help obese individuals succeed in the difficult task of losing weight and maintaining this substantial weight loss.

인슐린 비의존형 당뇨병 환자의 체지방 분포와 인슐린 저항성과의 상관성

허갑범 ( Heo Gab Beom ),김유리 ( Kim Yu Li ),안광진 ( An Gwang Jin ),정윤석 ( Jeong Yun Seog ),이은직 ( Lee Eun Jig ),임승길 ( Im Seung Gil ),김경래 ( Kim Gyeong Lae ),이현철 ( Lee Hyeon Cheol ),백인경 ( Baeg In Gyeong ),최미숙 ( 대한내과학회 1993 대한내과학회지 Vol.44 No.1

Background : The role of insulin resistance is known to be very important in the pathogenesis and clinical courses of human diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, atherosclerotic coronary vascular disease, and dyslipoproteinemia. Methods : To investigate the correlation between insulin resistance and the pattern of body fat distribution in Korean patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), dietary survey, anthropometry, CT scan, measurement of body fat by body composition analyzer, oral glucose tolerance test and measurement of glucose uptake rate by euglycemic hyperinsulinemic glucose clamp technique were performed in 6 normal weight patients and 12 overweight-obese NIDDM patients. Six of 12 overweight-obese patients are centrally obese with waist to hip circumference ratio : WHR?1 and 6 cases are peripherally obese with WHR<1. Results : 1) There was no difference between the mean body weigh of centrally obese patients and peripherally obese patients but WHR and body fat content of centrally obese patients were significantly higher than those of peripherally obese patients. 2) In the centrally obese patients visceral fat area measured by CT scan was significantly wider than in the peripherally obese patients but subcutaneous fat area was not different between the two groups. 3) Plasma glucose levels on oral glucose tolerance tests were not different among the three groups but plasma C-peptide and insulin levels at 2 hour after glucose load were significantly higher in centrally obese patients than in peripherally obese patients. 4) Glucose uptake rate (M/I ratio) of centrally obese patients was significantly lower than that of peripherally obese patients. 5) The WHR showed the highest negative correlation with M/I ratio in the all patients and waist thigh circumference ratio (WTR) showed the highest negative correlation with M/I ratio in overweight-obese patients. 6) Insulin area and fasting level of free fatty acid showed significant positive correlation with WHR and significant negative correlation with M/I ratio. Conclusion : It could be concluded that the pattern of body fat distribution rather than the relative body weight for height or body fat content has a greater role in determining the degree of insulin resistance in Korean patients with NIDDM. And further a change of the body configuration through adequate diet and exercise is highly recommended for overweight-obese NIDDM patients.

경북 북부지역 마을숲의 실태 연구 -안동시, 예천군, 봉화군지역 대상으로-

( Gyeong Rak Lee ),( Sang Hyun Heo ),( Sang Beom Choi ) 한국전통조경학회(구 한국정원학회) 2010 Journal of Korean Institute of Traditional Landsca Vol.8 No.-

본 연구는 경상북도 북부지역(안동, 예천, 봉화) 3개 시·군지역을 대상으로 20개소의 마을 숲에 대한 연구를 실시하였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 비보기능 숲은 안동시의 하회리 숲, 온혜리 숲 2개소이고, 엽승이 봉화군의 거촌2리 숲, 안동시의 천전리 숲, 예천군에 금곡리 숲 3개소로 조사되었고, 성황기능 숲으로는 봉화군 개단1리, 해저1리, 복지2리 숲 3개소이고, 수구막이 숲은 예천군 백송리, 봉화군 압동3리로 2개소이다. 기타 마을숲은 안동 신석리, 광연리, 단호리, 마애리, 소산리, 봉화군 오록1리 6개소로 조사되었다. 둘째, 북부 내륙지역 마을숲에는 소나무, 느티나무, 왕버들이 주류를 이루는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 본 연구에서 소실된 마을숲을 발견하였다. 먼저 소실된 마을숲은 4개소로서 안동시의 개곡리, 수곡리, 계평리 숲, 예천군의 중평리 숲 등으로 밝혀졌다. 넷째, 본 연구에서 마을숲의 관리의 개선방안은 마을숲 내에 설치된 시설물을 제거하고 원래 기능에 맞게 복원해야 하며, 관리 주체를 숲관리 전문가로 교체하거나 현재관리자를 지속적으로 교육시킬 필요가 있다. The purpose of this study was to survey 20 village forests in the northern inland part of Gyeongbuk Province (Andong, Yecheon and Bonghwa). The results of this study can be summed up as follows; First, 2 forests(Hahoi and Onhoi villages in Andong) function primarily as ``Bibo`` or Feng Shui(geomancy) supplement, 3 forests(Geochon 2 village in Bonghwa, Cheonjeon village in Andong and Geumgok village in Yecheon) function primarily as ``Yeopseung`` or evil spirit restrainer, another 3 forests(Gaedan 1, Haejeo 1 and Bokji 2 villages in Bonghwa) function primarily as ``Seonghwang`` or village shrine and 2 forests(Baeksong village in Yecheon and Apdong 3 village in Bonghwa) function primarily as ``Sugumagi`` or terra energy retainer. The other 6 forests(Sinseok, Gwangyeon, Danho, Mae and Sosan villages in Andong and Orok 1 village in Bonghwa) function just as windbreak, etc. Second, the sample forests consist primarily of pine trees, zelkovas and willows. Third, 4 lost village forests have been identified: Gaegok, Sugok and Gyepyeong villages in Andong and Jungpyeong village in Yecheon. Fourth, in order to improve the management of village forests, it is deemed necessary to remove the facilities from the forests and restore the original functions of the village forests. To this effect, the current forest managers need to be replaced with professionals or educated on the management of forests continuously.

철도종합시험운행 결과검토 도입에 따른 철도노선 안전성 강화에 대한 연구

윤경철(Gyeong Cheol Yun),엄범규(Beom Gyu Eom),허남규(Nam Gyu Heo),이용상(Yong Sang Lee) 한국철도학회 2014 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.10

최근 철도안전 문제에 대한 사회적 우려를 해소하기 위하여 철도운영자 및 철도시설관리자에 대한 안전관리제도를 사후적ㆍ제한적 관리체제에서 사전적ㆍ상시적 관리체제로 전면 개편하고 형식, 제작자 승인제도, 철도노선의 종합시험운행제도 개선 등 다양한 제도 도입을 통하여 철도안전법을 개정하였다. 본 연구에서는 도입된 제도 중 종합시험운행 결과검토를 대상으로 하여 신규/개량노선에 대한 안전성 강화 방법을 제시하고자 하였다. 먼저, 국내외 철도종합시험운행 체계 자료를 조사하여 시행 중인 종합시험운행의 단계별 절차, 방법 등을 비교․분석하였다. 결과검토 제도에서의 검토분야와 단계별로 시행되는 검토항목 및 검토기준 등을 제시하였고 결과검토의 첫 번째 적용사례인 청라역에 대한 해당 성과를 확인하였다. Recently, To solve the social concerns about railway safety issues, the safety management system about railway operators, infrastructure manage and etc. was completely reorganized from ex post, restrictive management system to ex ante, continuous management system. And the Korean railway safety law was revised by instituting the various institution, including the type approval, manufacturer approval, result Review of comprehensive running test and etc. As this study, to the target result review of comprehensive running test, the safety enhancement methods about the new/reconstruction of railway were suggested. Firstly, the data of domestic and foreign railway comprehensive running test system was investigated. And the step-by-Step procedure, method and etc. of comprehensive running test were compared and analyzed in effect in Korea. Also, the field, item, standard and etc. of review were suggested. Lastly, the performances of Cheongna station that is first case were confirmed.

갑상선자극호르몬분비성 뇌하수체 미세선종

이경미 ( Lee Gyeong Mi ),이은직 ( Lee Eun Jig ),김경래 ( Kim Gyeong Lae ),배희동 ( Bae Hui Dong ),조현근 ( Jo Hyeon Geun ),정재희 ( Jeong Jae Hui ),임승길 ( Im Seung Gil ),이현철 ( Lee Hyeon Cheol ),허갑범 ( Heo Gab Beom ),윤도흠 대한내과학회 1993 대한내과학회지 Vol.44 No.1

Hyperthyroidism associated with TSH secreting pituitary adenoma is a rare disorder characterised by highserum T_4 and T_3 as well as elevated TSH level, especially the microadenoma has been demonstrated only in five cases. We experienced a case of 45 year old male with hyperthyroidism due to TSH secreting pituitary microadenoma. Transsphenoidal microsurgery resulted in the removal of a acidophilic microadenoma comprised mainly of thyrotropes revealed by immunocytochemistry. Postoperatively, serum TSH, T_4 and T_3 levels fell below normal limit. So we present this case of TSH secreting pituitary microadenoma with a literature review.

새로운 폴리(티오우레탄)의 합성 및 특성

김경만(Kim Gyeong Man),허영태(Heo Yeong Tae),박인환(Park In Hwan),이범재(Lee Beom Jae) 한국고분자학회 2003 폴리머 Vol.27 No.5