수면량과 집중력의 상관관계

김병우,류지근,박우진,박계원,김미정,임지은,백대현,최재덕,최윤호,이가현,이관,김덕수 東國大學校醫學硏究所 2002 東國醫學 Vol.9 No.1

수면, 기억 그리고 학습의 연관성은 실제 매우 복잡하다. 많은 연구에도 불구하고 명확한 연구결과는 아직 없다. 우리는 이 연구에서 평소와는 달리 시험 전날 수면 변화 양상이 집중력에 어느 정도 영향력을 미치는지 알아보고자 하였고, 이를 이용해 효율적인 수면 관리를 할 수 있는 기초자료로 삼고자 하였다. 동국대 의대 본과 1학년생 중 지원자 30명과 본과 2학년생 10명을 대상으로 평상시 상태와 시험 직후 수면이 부족한 상태에서 각각 K-PES TEST를 실시하여 총 8항목에 걸쳐 암기력, 판단력, 단순반응의 변화정도를 검사하였다. 또 설문조사를 병행하여 결과에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 다른 인자들도 파악하였다. 수면량에 대한 부호 숫자 짝짓기(순간 판단력)을 검사한 결과, 인간의 최대 생리학적 기능은 꼭 수면부족에 의해 좌우되는 것은 아니다. 그러나, 수면감소는 피로를 증가시키고, 동기부여를 감소시키나 단, 새로운 사실을 학습하는 데에는 큰 영향을 끼치지 않는다. 즉, 수면부족으로 장시간 깨어있는 것은 정확성과 반응성을 떨어뜨린다. 흡연에 대한 부호 숫자 짝짓기(순간 판단력)을 검사한 결과, 니코틴의 수면에 대한 상호관계는 알려지지 않았고, 인간의 감정이나 의식, 인식에 영향을 주는 것으로 알고있지만, 장기적은 측면에서 흡연이나 알코올은 인식능력과 무관한 것 같다. 카페인에 대한 숫자 외우기(암기력)검사 결과, 카페인은 spacial selective attention에는 특별한 영향을 주지 않지만 지각과정이나 주의 집중에 큰 효과를 주며, 인간의 의식 수행에 긍정적인 효과를 준다. 즉 카페인은 활력, 혼란, 피로상태를 변화시키고 visual analog scales에서 휴식상태에 가까운 양상을 나타낸다. 또 48시간 동안 수면을 취하지 않은 사람에게 카페인은 집중력과 장시간의 좋은 기분을 유지하게 하였다. 그러나 규칙적, 비규칙적으로 먹는 사람간에는 인지수행력의 차이를 보이지 않으며 상용자에서는 상당한 내성이 보인다. 수면패턴에 대한 숫자 더하기(순간 판단력)검사 결과, 집중력은 수면패턴에 의해서도 영향을 받고, 수면패턴이 바뀌게 되면 순간판단력을 저하시킨다. This study was performed to evaluate relationship of sleep and attention, and to control sleep effectively. We conducted a K-PES test of 40 medical students. K-PES contains eight elements, for example, simple response, selective response, color pairing, OddEven discrimination, number addition, number-symbol matching, memory, right-tapping, left tapping. Through these, we tested changes of memory, judgement, simple response. And we conducted a questionnaire survey to exclude bias. Results are as follows. As a results of number-symbol matching test, we know that sleeplessness is not complete responsible for physiologic function for humans. But, decreased sleep increases fatigue and decreases motivation, but no influence on learning new materials. So, long term sleeplessness decreases precision and responsibility. As a results of number-symbol matching test on smoking, a relationship of nicotine and sleep is not certain. A point of view in long term period, smoking and drinking is not related cognition, even if we know that those influence mood, consciousness and cognition. As a results of memory work test on caffeine, caffeine does not influence spacial selective attention, but mainly does perception, attention and consiousness process. Namely caffeine changes energetic activities, chaos, fatigue states and shows resting state in visual analog scales In sleeplessness for 48 hours, caffeine produced attention and good mood for a long time. But, in case of cognitive process no significance shows in regular or irregular diet. Regular diet shows high resistance. As a results of number addition test on sleep patterns, seep patterns influence attention, changes of sleep patterns decrease a moment judgement.

대구지역 야생조류로부터 분리한 Salmonella속 균의 생물화학적 특성과 Plasmid Profile

윤가리,이영주,김기석,탁연빈 한국수의공중보건학회 2003 예방수의학회지 Vol.27 No.2

The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence, biochemical properties and plasmid profiles of Salmonella organisms isolated from wild birds in Daegu area during the period from May, 1999 to August, 2000. Twenty strains of Salmonella were identified from 192 samples of heron feces and 86 samples of pigeon feces. Among Salmonella isolates, S. montevideo were the most frequent serotype (16 strains), 3 strains of them were S. typhimurium and the other one was untypable. The biochemical properties of 20 strains of Salmonella isolated were in accordance with the traditional characteristics of Salmonella spp. in the majority of biochemical test such as IMViC, carbohydrate fermentation and amino acid decarboxylation. The majority of isolates were highly susceptible to amikacin, ampicillin, amoxicillin, carbenicillin, cephalothin, ciprofloxacine, chloramphenicol, enrofloxacin, furazolidone, gentamicin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, polymixin B and sulfamethoxazole, while they were moderately susceptible to streptomycin and tetracyclin. However, the majority of them were highly resistant to nitrofurantoin. In plasmid profile, 21.1 kilobase (Kb), 20 Kb and 13.2 Kb fractions were common to three S. tvphimurium and one untypable strains, and no fraction was shown in all strains of S. montevideo.

Evaluation of Osteoblast-Like Cell Viability and Differentiation on the Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser Peptide Immobilized Titanium Dioxide Nanotube via Chemical Grafting

Kim, Ga-Hyun,Kim, Il-Shin,Park, Sang-Won,Lee, Kwangmin,Yun, Kwi-Dug,Kim, Hyun-Seung,Oh, Gye-Jeong,Ji, Min-Kyung,Lim, Hyun-Pil American Scientific Publishers 2016 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.16 No.2

<P>This study examined the effect of the immobilization of the Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (GRGDS) peptide on titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotube via chemical grafting on osteoblast-like cell (MG-63) viability and differentiation. The specimens were divided into two groups; TiO2 nanotubes and GRGDS-immobilized TiO2 nanotubes. The surface characteristics of GRGDS-immobilized TiO2 nanotubes were observed by using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). The morphology of cells on specimens was observed by FE-SEM after 2 hr and 24 hr. The level of cell viability was investigated via a tetrazolium (XTT) assay after 2 and 4 days. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was evaluated to measure the cell differentiation after 4 and 7 days. The presence of nitrogen up-regulation or C=O carbons confirmed that TiO2 nanotubes were immobilized with GRGDS peptides. Cell adhesion was enhanced on the GRGDS-immobilized TiO2 nanotubes compared to TiO2 nanotubes. Furthermore, significantly increased cell spreading and proliferation were observed with the cells grown on GRGDS-immobilized TiO2 nanotubes (P < .05). However, there was no significant difference in ALP activity between GRGDS-immobilized TiO2 nanotubes and TiO2 nanotubes. These results suggest that the GRGDS-immobilized TiO2 nanotubes might be effective in improving the osseointegration of dental implants.</P>

Clinical study of idiopathic onychodystrophy treated with 1064-nm picosecond Nd:YAG laser: report of five cases

( Yun Ho Lee ),( Hyeon Jeong Park ),( Junghwa Yang ),( Jung Yup Kim ),( Sunmin Yim ),( Jae Yun Lim ),( Young Jun Choi ),( Jae-hui Nam ),( Ga-young Lee ),( Won-serk Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2018 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.70 No.1

Background: Laser treatment has emerged as a novel treatment modality for onychodystrophy. Indeed, only a few small series have assessed the efficacy of laser treatment in onychodystrophy. Recently, the picosecond-domain neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser has been introduced for the improvement of various skin disorders Objectives: The aim of this study was to verify the efficacy and safety of a 1064 nm picosecond Nd:YAG (PSNY) laser in the management of idiopathic onychodystrophy. Methods: Retrospective chart reviews and photographic analyses were performed. Nail lesions were irradiated with a low fluence 1064 nm PSNY. Clinical improvement was assessed by image analysis software Image J and two blinded dermatologists using 5-point global assessment scale. Results: 5 patients (3 males and 2 females, mean age 41 ± 27 years) were analyzed. A total of 12 nails, consisting of 11 finger nails and 1 toe nail, were treated with a 1064 nm PSNY. The mean treatment session was 7.4 ± 4.1. After receiving a 1064nm PSNY laser therapy, 5 patients (100 %) showed more than 50 % improvement. There were no serious adverse events associated with the treatment during follow-up period. Conclusion: In this report, we present that idiopathic onychodystrophy successfully treated with a 1064nm PSNY laser. This device offers a new and potentially therapeutic modality for the patients with idiopathic onychodystrophy.

Genistein Inhibits Proliferation of BRCA1 Mutated Breast Cancer Cells: The GPR30-Akt Axis as a Potential Target

Ga Yun Kim,Jinyoung Suh,Jeong-Hoon Jang,김도희,Ock Jin Park,박수경,Young Joon Surh 대한암예방학회 2019 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.24 No.4

Background: BRCA1 mutated breast cancer cells exhibit the elevated cell proliferation and the higher metastatic potential. G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) has been shown to regulate growth of hormonally responsive cancers, such as ovarian and breast cancers, and high expression of GPR30 is found in estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer cells. ER-negative breast cancer patients often have a mutation in the tumor suppressor gene, BRCA1. This study explored antiproliferative effects of genistein, a chemopreventive isoflavone present in legumes, and underlying molecular mechanisms in triple negative breast cancer cells with or without functionally active BRCA1. Methods: Expression of BRCA1, GPR30 and Nrf2 was measured by Western blot analysis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation was monitored by using the fluorescence-generating probe, 2’,7’-dichlorofluorescein diacetate. The effects of genistein on breast cancer cell viability and proliferation were assessed by the MTT, migration and clonogenic assays. Results: The expression of GPR30 was dramatically elevated at both transcriptional and translational levels in BRCA1 mutated breast cancer cells compared to cells with wild-type BRCA1. Notably, there was diminished Akt phosporylation in GPR30 silenced cells. Treatment of BRCA1 silenced breast cancer cells with genistein resulted in the down-regulation of GPR30 expression and the inhibition of Akt phosphorylation as well as the reduced cell viability, migration and colony formation. Genistein caused cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase in BRCA1-mutant cells through down-regulation of cyclin B1 expression. Furthermore, BRCA1-mutant breast cancer cells exhibited higher levels of intracellular ROS than those in the wild-type cells. Genistein treatment lowered the ROS levels through up-regulation of Nrf2 expression. Conclusions: Lack of functional BRCA1 activates GPR30 signaling, thereby stimulating Akt phosphorylation and cell proliferation. Genistein induces G2/M phase arrest by down-regulating cyclin B1 expression, which is attributable to its suppression of GPR30 activation and Akt phosphorylation in BRCA1 impaired breast cancer cells. (J Cancer Prev 2019;24:197-207)

Characterization of blood microbiota in rosacea

( Yun Ho Lee ),( Hyeon Jeong Park ),( Junghwa Yang ),( Jung Yup Kim ),( Sunmin Yim ),( Jae Yun Lim ),( Heun Joo Lee ),( Young Jun Choi ),( Jae-hui Nam ),( Ga-young Lee ),( Won-serk Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2018 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.70 No.2

Background: Rosacea is an inflammatory condition on the face. Environmental, immunological, genetic, and microbial factors are intricately involved in the pathogenesis of rosacea. Objectives: We aimed to inspect blood microbiome and analyze the difference between rosacea subjects and rosacea-free controls. Methods: We conducted this study using the blood samples collected from ten Korean women with rosacea and 30 controls without rosacea who visited between June 2014 and September 2014. Blood microbiota was analyzed by 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing from the blood buffy coat. Results: : We observed the specific differences in blood microbiota between rosacea subjects and rosacea-free controls. Compared to rosacea-free controls, the blood microbiota of rosacea patients consisted far-distant bacterial components according to beta diversity metrics of weighted (P=0.01) and unweighted (P=0.07) UniFrac. Fusobacteriaceae and Chromatiaceae were enriched at the family level and, amongst several significant taxa at the genus level, Rheinheimera was most abundant in rosacea subjects. Conclusion: Alteration of blood microbiota in rosacea patients was observed, which may delineate the complex etiology underlying the development of rosacea. In this regard, 16S targeted metagenomics sequencing provides new insight into the pathogenesis of rosacea and can contribute to avenues for therapeutics and diagnostics in consequence.

A study of clinical effect of iontophoresis mask patch using reverse electrodialysis technique

( Yun Ho Lee ),( Junghwa Yang ),( Jung Yup Kim ),( Sunmin Yim ),( Jae Yun Lim ),( Ju-yeon Choi ),( Han-saem Kim ),( Joon Hong Min ),( Young Jun Choi ),( Jae-hui Nam ),( Ga-young Lee ),( Won-serk Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2017 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.69 No.2

Background: Previously, the reverse electrodialysis (RED) system was found to improve transdermal drug delivery compared to passive diffusion. Objectives: To evaluate antiaging effect and safety profile of iontophoresis mask patch using RED technique. Methods: This study was a prospective, spilt-face, controlled trial comparing iontophoresis mask patch using RED technique with passive diffusion mask patch. Clinical studies were performed on 20 Korean women for 5 weeks. We applied iontophoresis mask patch using RED on the right side of the face and passive diffusion mask patch on the left side of the face and treated four times at weekly intervals. Both mask patches contain same materials (SYN-AKE, oligo hyaluronic acid, leuphasyl, argireline etc.). Clinical effect was assessed by measuring erythema index, melasma index, stratum corneum hydration, and skin roughness at baseline, week1 (after 1 treatment), week 4 (after 4 treatment), and week 5 (1 week after 4 treatment). Results: After 4 treatment, improvements in the erythema index, stratum corneum hydration and skin roughness were significantly greater in the test side than in the control side. However, there was no statistically significant improvement in the melsma index on both side. Conclusion: This study suggests that iontophoresis mask patch using RED has a greater effect on antiaging than passive mask patch.

Moisture Wound Healing Characteristics of Alginate Sponge and Hydrogel

Ga Young Park(박가영),Jeong Hyun Yeum(염정현),Dong Joon Yang(양동준),Guen Oh Park(박근오),Yun Hee Kim(김윤희),Saewha Jeon(전세화),Tae Jung Kim(김태정),Eun Jung Oh(오은정),Ho Yun Chung(정호윤),Jin Hyun Choi(최진현) 한국고분자학회 2018 폴리머 Vol.42 No.1

건조/가교법으로 제조한 알지네이트 스폰지 및 하이드로젤의 물리적, 생물학적 특성 및 창상치유 특성을 고찰하였다. 하이드로젤은 스폰지 대비 높은 평형 함수율을 보유하였고, 자체적으로 수분을 함유하고 있기 때문에 상대적으로 우수한 습윤 창상치유 환경을 제공할 수 있었다. 알지네이트 스폰지 및 하이드로젤의 사이토카인 결속효과에 기인하여 대식세포로부터 분비되는 전염증성 사이토카인의 함량이 감소됨을 확인하였으며, 특히 하이드로젤의 사이토카인 억제효과가 더욱 두드러지게 나타났는데, 이는 보다 팽윤된 상태에서 알지네이트 분자의 사이토카인에 대한 결속력이 증가함을 의미한다. 창상형성 초기 하이드로젤에 의한 창상치유 및 수축 효과가 스폰지에 비해 우수한 것으로 나타났으나, 상피화는 스폰지를 적용했을 때 보다 우세하게 진행되었다. 조직학적 평가와 RNA 발현 분석으로부터 알지네이트 스폰지 및 하이드로젤은 혈관 및 콜라겐 섬유의 형성, 상피조직의 재생 및 단백질의 생성 등을 촉진함을 확인하였다. Alginate sponge and hydrogel were prepared by a drying/crosslinking method and their wound healing characteristics were investigated comparatively. The alginate hydrogel had a higher equilibrium water content than the sponge, providing a moist wound healing condition without absorbing exudate from a wound. The amounts of proinflammatory cytokines released by macrophages were lowered due to the cytokine-binding effects of the alginate sponge and hydrogel. The hydrogel lowered the cytokine level more dominantly than the sponge, suggesting that the affinity of alginate molecules to cytokines increases at a more swollen state. The hydrogel allowed superior wound healing and contraction at the early stage of application. However, epithelialization was conspicuous when the sponge was applied. It was confirmed through histological examination and RNA expression analysis that angiogenesis, formation of collagen fibers, regeneration of epithelium, and production of protein were promoted using the alginate sponge and hydrogel as wound dressing materials.

The study of pH adjustment effect to Haematococcus pluvialis growth and Paramecium sp. inhibition

Yun Ji Ahn,Sang Mok Jung,Ga Yeon Kim,Ah Jung Choi,In Sun Kim,Min Suk Kim,Sung Taek Cho,Hyun Woung Shin 한국수산과학회 양식분과 2022 한국수산과학회 양식분과 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.10

Effect of Reconstituted Brown Rice on Obesity and Dyslipidemia in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Yun Jin Kim,Ga Young Do,Youngji Han,So Young Kim,Kyung-Tae Lee,Ji-Young Choi,Myung-Sook Choi 한국식품영양과학회 2016 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2016 No.10