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이종접합 Gate 구조를 갖는 수평형 NiO/Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> FET의 전기적 특성 연구
이건희 ( Geon-hee Lee ),문수영 ( Soo-young Moon ),이형진 ( Hyung-jin Lee ),신명철 ( Myeong-cheol Shin ),김예진 ( Ye-jin Kim ),전가연 ( Ga-yeon Jeon ),오종민 ( Jong-min Oh ),신원호 ( Weon-ho Shin ),김민경 ( Min-kyung Kim ),박철환 ( 한국전기전자재료학회 2023 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.36 No.4
Gallium Oxide (Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) is preferred as a material for next generation power semiconductors. The Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> should solve the disadvantages of low thermal resistance characteristics and difficulty in forming an inversion layer through p-type ion implantation. However, Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> is difficult to inject p-type ions, so it is being studied in a heterojunction structure using p-type oxides, such as NiO, SnO, and Cu<sub>2</sub>O. Research the lateral-type FET structure of NiO/Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> heterojunction under the Gate contact using the Sentaurus TCAD simulation. At this time, the VG-ID and VD-ID curves were identified by the thickness of the Epi-region (channel) and the doping concentration of NiO of 1 × 10<sup>17</sup> to 1 × 10<sup>19</sup> cm<sup>-3</sup>. The increase in Epi region thickness has a lower threshold voltage from -4.4 V to -9.3 V at I<sub>D</sub> = 1 × 10<sup>-8</sup> mA/mm, as current does not flow only when the depletion of the PN junction extends to the Epi/Sub interface. As an increase of NiO doping concentration, increases the depletion area in Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> region and a high electric field distribution on PN junction, and thus the breakdown voltage increases from 512 V to 636 V at I<sub>D</sub> =1 × 10<sup>-3</sup> A/mm.
( Ga Young Lee ),( Hyung-jun Kim ),( Myung Jin Song ),( Yeon Wook Kim ),( Byung Soo Kwon ),( Sung Yoon Lim ),( Yeon-Joo Lee ),( Jong Sun Park ),( Ho Il Yoon ),( Jae Ho Lee ),( Choon-taek Lee ),( Young 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2021 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.129 No.-
Background As cases of pneumothorax have been reported in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, it is suspected as a complication of COVID-19. However, it has not been proven whether COVID-19 is associated with causing pneumothorax by comparing non-COVID-19 pneumonia under mechanical ventilation (MV). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impacts of COVID-19 on pneumothorax development in mechanically ventilated patients. Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed in an intensive care unit (ICU) at tertiary, academic hospital, from February 2020 to March 2021. Occurrence of pneumothorax between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 pneumonia group was assessed including their baseline clinical characteristics. Risk factors of pneumothorax and association with COVID-19 were analyzed by logistic regression model. Results Of the 135 patients, 48 (35.5%) patients were diagnosed with COVID-19. In COVID-19 patients, 30 (63.5%) were male, median age was 66.5 years and 10 (20.8%) developed pneumothorax, which occurred only 4 (4.6%) in non-COVID-19 (P=0.008). Compared to non-COVID-19, COVID-19 patients had lower P/F ratio at ICU admission (84.1 [69.8;126.1] vs. 144 [104.2;217.2], P=0.001) and higher MV settings [positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) 10.0 [10.0;12.0] vs. 8.0 [6.0;10.0], P=0.001, pressure above PEEP 16.6 ± 5.2, 17.0 ± 4.0, P=0.068]. Co-morbidities tended to be more various in non-COVID19 patients. In the univariate analysis for the risk factors of pneumothorax, PEEP (OR 1.26, P<0.01,) and COVID-19 (OR 5.46, P=0.001) were significantly associated with the development of pneumothorax, where only COVID-19 (OR 14.0, P=0.030) was an exclusive risk factors in the multivariate analysis. Conclusions In patients with pneumonia who underwent MV, COVID-19 could be a decisive risk factor on the occurrence of pneumothorax.
Hyponatraemia and its prognosis in acute heart failure is related to right ventricular dysfunction
Lee, Heesun,Lee, Sang Eun,Park, Chan Soon,Park, Jin Joo,Lee, Ga Yeon,Kim, Min-Seok,Choi, Jin-Oh,Cho, Hyun-jai,Lee, Hae-Young,Choi, Dong-Ju,Jeon, Eun-Seok,Kim, Jae-Joong,Oh, Byung-Hee BMJ Publishing Group Ltd 2018 Heart Vol.104 No.20
<P>Trial registration number Korean Acute Heart Failure registry NCT01389843; Results.</P>
Lee, Ga-Young,Kim, Jin-Hyang,No, Hyo Jin,Lee, Ju-Yeon,Rhee, Bum Ku,Choi, Hee-dok Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 Journal of polymer science Part A, Polymer chemist Vol.47 No.7
<P>1-{3,4-Di-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl}-2-(2-thiophenyl)ethene (5) was prepared and condensed with terephthaloyl chloride to yield polyester (6). Polymer 6 was reacted with tetracyanoethylene to give a new Y-type polyester (7) containing 1-(3,4-dioxyethoxy)phenyl-2-{5-(2,2,3-tricyanovinyl)-2-thiophenyl)}ethenyl groups as NLO-chromophores, which are components of the polymer backbones. Polyester 7 is soluble in common organic solvents such as N,N-dimethylformamide and acetone. Polymer 7 showed a thermal stability up to 300 °C in thermogravimetric analysis with glass transition temperature (T<SUB>g</SUB>) obtained from differential scanning calorimetry near 126 °C. The second harmonic generation (SHG) coefficient (d<SUB>33</SUB>) of poled polymer film at the 1560 nm fundamental wavelength was around 6.57 × 10<SUP>−9</SUP> esu. The dipole alignment exhibited high thermal stability up to the T<SUB>g</SUB>, and there was no SHG decay below 125 °C due to the partial main-chain character of polymer structure, which is acceptable for NLO device applications. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 1911–1919, 2009</P> <B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>We prepared a new Y-type polyester 7 containing 1-(3,4-dioxyethoxy)phenyl)-2-{5-(2,2,3-tricyanovinyl)-2-thiophenyl)}ethenyl groups as pendant NLO-chromophores, which are parts of the polymer backbones. The resulting polymer 7 showed a thermal stability up to 300 °C in TGA thermogram with T<SUB>g</SUB> value from DSC thermogram around 126 °C. The SHG coefficient (d<SUB>33</SUB>) of poled polymer film at the 1560 nm fundamental wavelength was near 6.57 × 10<SUP>−9</SUP> esu. The polymer exhibits SHG stability up to T<SUB>g</SUB> and no significant SHG decay was observed below 125 °C. This enhanced thermal stability of optical nonlinearity stemmed from the stabilization of dipole alignment of the NLO-chromophores, which were parts of the polymer main chains. <img src='wiley_img/0887624X-2009-47-7-POLA23295-gra001.gif' alt='wiley_img/0887624X-2009-47-7-POLA23295-gra001'> </P>
Role of Soluble ST2 as a Marker for Rejection after Heart Transplant
Ga Yeon Lee,Jin-Oh Choi,Eun-Seon Ju,Yoo-Jung Lee,Eun-Seok Jeon 대한심장학회 2016 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.46 No.6
Background and Objectives: Endomyocardial biopsy is obligatory during the first year after heart transplant (HTx) for the surveillance of acute rejection. Previous attempts using cardiac biomarkers for the detection of rejection failed to show enough evidence to substitute endomyocardial biopsy. Therefore, this study sought the possibility of using soluble ST2 (sST2), a novel cardiovascular marker, as a surrogate marker for acute allograft rejection after HTx. Subjects and Methods: A total of 494 blood samples acquired at the time of endomyocardial biopsy were analyzed in 67 HTx cases from September 2006 to August 2014. Significant rejection was defined as International Society of Heart and Lung Transplant (ISHLT) score ≥2R and humoral rejection accompanied by hemodynamic instability. Results: Twenty cases of HTx with 22 blood samples showed significant rejection in endomyocardial biopsy at 4.0 (2.0-9.0) months after HTx. The level of sST2 showed positive correlation with cardiac troponin I, and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (all p<0.001), and negative correlation with post-HTx months (p<0.001). The levels of sST2 according to the ISHLT scores were 36 (19-98), 28 (18-62), 15 (16-37), and 191 (85-343) ng/mL, consecutively 0R, 1R, 2R, and 3R+ (3R plus hemodynamically-unstable humoral rejection) (p=0.003). However, when we studied within-subject effects of sST2 using a mixed model, the sST2 level according to the predefined time point was not different according to the presence of significant rejection (p for interaction=0.94). Conclusion: Although sST2 is known as a promising predictor for cardiovascular events, its role in HTx patients to predict acute allograft rejection seems to be limited.
Ga Yeon Kim,Jin Kyoung Kim,Young Ki Lee 대한구강악안면병리학회 2015 대한구강악안면병리학회지 Vol.39 No.2
S. aureus is reported as a major cause of nosocomial infections after dental care and involved in endocarditis, bacteremia, osteomyelitis, peritonitis, and soft tissues etc. It is very important to identify the distribution and the diversity of toxin gene associated with the S. aureus expression in dental care patients with periodontitis directly for an effective prevention and treatment of dental diseases. Fifty four strains of S. aureus were isolated from the saliva of 129 patients who were diagnosed with periodontitis at dental clinics and hospitals located in Seoul. The distribution of the virulence gene and the genetic diversity of the strains were studied using the polymerase chain reaction with isolated strains. The enterotoxin test showed Seb was the most frequent gene with 88.9%. The hemolysin gene of Hla, Hib and Hld were the most frequently gene with 98.1% (53 strains), leukocidins gene of lukM showed 90.7% (49 strains), and laminin binding protein gene of Eno showed 100% (54 strains), respectively. The diversity of the enterotoxin gen was held as Seb-Seg-Sei gene of 35.2% (19 strains), the diversity of hemolysin gene of Hla-Hlb-Hld gene was 98.1% (53 strains) and the diversity of leukocidins gene of LukD-LukM were 88.9% (48 strains), respectively. Patients with dental disease showed somehow high toxin gene expression so that S. aureus in dental care area is judged to show very highly pathogen with a high and infection rate. In the future, additional studies for these toxin genes seem to be required.
Treatment of Elastosis Perforans Serpiginosa with the 585-nm Pulsed-dye Laser
( Yeon Gu Choi ),( Sang Yeon Kim ),( Ji Soo Park ),( Kyu Yeon Kim ),( Bo Bin Cha ),( Jin Seop Kim ),( Gyoo Huh ),( Heun Joo Lee ),( Young Jun Choi ),( Won-serk Kim ),( Ga-young Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2022 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.73 No.2
Ga-Eun Lee,Dohyun Jeung,Weidong Chen,Jiin Byun,Joo Young Lee,Han Chang Kang,Hye Suk Lee,Dae Joon Kim,Jin-Sung Choi,Cheol-Jung Lee,Hyun-Jung An,Yong-Yeon Cho 대한약학회 2023 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.46 No.1
E2F 1, 2, and 3a, (refer to as E2Fs) are a subfamily of E2F transcription factor family that play essential roles in cell-cycle progression, DNA replication, DNA repair, apoptosis, and differentiation. Although the transcriptional regulation of E2Fs has focused on pocket protein retinoblastoma protein complex, recent studies indicate that post-translational modification and stability regulation of E2Fs play key roles in diverse cellular processes. In this study, we found that FBXO1, a component of S-phase kinase-associated protein 1 (SKP1)-cullin 1-F-box protein (SCF) complex, is an E2Fs binding partner. Furthermore, FBXO1 to E2Fs binding induced K48 ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of E2Fs. Binding domain analysis indicated that the Arg (R)/Ile (I) and R/Val (V) motifs, which are located in the dimerization domain of E2Fs, of E2F 1 and 3a and E2F2, respectively, acted as degron motifs (DMs) for FBXO1. Notably, RI/AA or RV/AA mutation in the DMs reduced FBXO1-mediated ubiquitination and prolonged the half-lives of E2Fs. Importantly, the stabilities of E2Fs were affected by phosphorylation of threonine residues located near RI and RV residues of DMs. Phosphorylation prediction database analysis and specific inhibitor analysis revealed that MEK/ERK signaling molecules play key roles in FBXO1/E2Fs’ interaction and modulate E2F protein turnover. Moreover, both elevated E2Fs protein levels by knockdown of FBXO1 and decreased E2Fs protein levels by sh-E2F3a delayed G1/S cell cycle transition, resulting in inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. These results demonstrated that FBXO1-E2Fs axis-mediated precise E2Fs stability regulation plays a key role in cell proliferation via G1/S cell cycle transition.