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A Study on Priority of Classification System for Agro-healing Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process
Eunha Yoo,Yumin Park,Sun Jin Jeong,Jae Soon Kim,Yong Ku Kang,Yeo Jin Jeong 인간식물환경학회 2021 인간식물환경학회지 Vol.24 No.6
Background and objective: As the ‘Healing Agriculture Research and Development and Promotion Act’ came into effect on March 25, 2021, social interest in agro-healing has been increasing exponentially. This study was conducted to analyze the priorities of agro-healing classification system and to provide basic data to inform policy directions and related research for the development and activation of agro-healing. Methods: The survey data collected from 18 experts were analyzed using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method in determine the relative weights of the main and sub-criteria for the classification system. There were three main criteria identified: agro-healing input industry, agro-healing service industry, and agro-healing-related/derived industry. There were also 11 sub-criteria. Results: The top three sub-criteria with the highest complex weights include “community service,” “social rehabilitation” and “treatment and rehabilitation,” all of which correspond to the main criterion “agro-healing service industry”. In addition, the complex weights of the sub-criteria corresponding to the main criterion “agro-healing related/derived industry” are as follows: “other agro-healing support service,” which ranked 4th, and “training and education institutions for agro-healing experts,” which ranked 5th when prioritizing the criteria. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the main criterion to be considered first in establishing a classification system is “agro-healing service industry”. Therefore, it is necessary to continue research on detailed service classifications and systems with verified validity to ensure expertise in human resources, and organization related to social purpose services in agro-healing.
( Eunha Cho ),( Yoo Mi Park ),( Yoo Jin Lee ),( Hyo Jin Park ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: Achalasia is one of the most common esophageal motility disorder which is characterized by dysphagia and noncardiac chest pain. Various pathogenesis of achalasia has been suggested that hereditary, degenerative, autoimmune and infectious factor. Impairment of vagal function has been reported in achalasia. Therefore, we aimed to evaulate the autonomic nerve system(ANS) dysfuction in achalasia and correlation of ANS dysfuction and clinical signifi cance in achalasia. Methods: Nineteen patients with achalasia (6M/13F; 47.1 ±16.3years) and 10 healthy peoples (4M/6F; 34.8 ± 10.7years) were prospectively enrolled at Gangnam Severance hospital from June 2013 to June 2014. All patients completed questionnaire for ANS dysfuction symptoms and heart rate valiability test (HRV). Results: ANS dysfunction symptoms were presented in thirteen patients with achalasia (69%) and three controls (30%). ANA dysfunction score was signifi cantly higher in patients with achalasia than that of control (P-value= 0.035). There were no statistical differences in standard deviation of all normal RR intervals, high frequency (HF), low frequency (LF), LF/HF ratio in HRV test. At subgroup analysis between female achalasia patients and control, cardiac activity that indicating susceptibility to cardiac overload was signifi cantly higher in female achalasia patients (P-value= 0.036). Cardiac activity (P-value= 0.004) and endurance of stress (P-value= 0.004) were signifi - cantly higher in achalasia patient with ANS dysfuction symptoms. Conclusions: ANS dysfuction symptoms are common in patients with achalasia. In this study, achalasia patients with ANS dysfuction symptoms or female gender showed an increased cardiac activity. We should more be paid attention to the cardiac overload in achalasia patient with ANS dysfuction symptoms or female gender.
Jang, Eunha,Kim, Jong-Heon,Lee, Shinrye,Kim, Jae-Hong,Seo, Jung-Wan,Jin, Myungwon,Lee, Maan-Gee,Jang, Il-Sung,Lee, Won-Ha,Suk, Kyoungho The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. 2013 JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY Vol.191 No.10
<P>Astrocytes provide structural and functional support for neurons, as well as display neurotoxic or neuroprotective phenotypes depending upon the presence of an immune or inflammatory microenvironment. This study was undertaken to characterize multiple phenotypes of activated astrocytes and to investigate the regulatory mechanisms involved. We report that activated astrocytes in culture exhibit two functional phenotypes with respect to pro- or anti-inflammatory gene expression, glial fibrillary acidic protein expression, and neurotoxic or neuroprotective activities. The two distinct functional phenotypes of astrocytes were also demonstrated in a mouse neuroinflammation model, which showed pro- or anti-inflammatory gene expression in astrocytes following challenge with classical or alternative activation stimuli; similar results were obtained in the absence of microglia. Subsequent studies involving recombinant lipocalin-2 (LCN2) protein treatment or <I>Lcn2</I>-deficient mice indicated that the pro- or anti-inflammatory functionally polarized phenotypes of astrocytes and their intracellular signaling pathway were critically regulated by LCN2 under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Astrocyte-derived LCN2 promoted classical proinflammatory activation of astrocytes but inhibited IL-4–STAT6 signaling, a canonical pathway involved in alternative anti-inflammatory activation. Our results suggest that the secreted protein LCN2 is an autocrine modulator of the functional polarization of astrocytes in the presence of immune or inflammatory stimuli and that LCN2 could be targeted therapeutically to dampen proinflammatory astrocytic activation and related pathologies in the CNS.</P>