A Corpus-based Analysis on the Factors Conditioning the Selection of Relative Pronoun That and Which in Newspaper

Eunyoung Jang 한국중원언어학회 2014 언어학연구 Vol.0 No.33

This paper aims to discover the factors affecting the choice of relative pronoun that and which in terms of a cognitive and discourse functional aspect. To achieve the goal, we collected 264 relative clauses in which that and which appear in BNC1 corpus under the same conditions as follows: 1) non-human antecedents, 2) no preceding prepositions, and 3) restrictive usage. Our finding shows that SS type that appears much more frequently contrary to what Fox and Thompson (1990) asserted. Another finding is that if the structures of antecedents are complex such as [NP, NP] and [NP + PP], then which more often emerges. The results reveal that the choice of relative pronoun is closely associated with cognitive strategies which enable us to easily access to difficult and complex sentences.

A Study on the Semantics of Preposition Of : Based on Prototype Theory and Cognitive Categorization

Eunyoung Jang(장은영),Kyungyul Kim(김경열) 한국중원언어학회 2010 언어학연구 Vol.0 No.18

Traditionally, with its inherent property as an unmarked grammatical entity, the preposition of has been classified as a category of function words. However, cognitive grammarians claim that the preposition of has its own meanings. From a cognitive-semantic perspective, this study aims to examine how the diverse and apparently different meanings of the preposition of are related in a cognitively-oriented way. In this study, it is proposed that based on the historical origin of of, the concept of 'separation' is considered as a prototypical meaning, since it is the most easily depictive and conceptualized in the spatial-physical domain of human cognition. As for the cognitive-semantic factors that categorize the multiple meanings of the preposition of, it is claimed that the semantic properties, such as the degree of prototypicality, concreteness, and lexicality, play a decisive role in determining the fuzziness in its meaning. Finally, it is suggested that a cognitive-semantic approach to the diverse meanings of the preposition of provides us with a relevant perspective to understand its multiple functions.

A Corpus-based Analysis of the Variation of Relative Pronouns Depending on Genres

Eunyoung Jang,Kyungyul Kim 한국중원언어학회 2015 언어학연구 Vol.0 No.34

The purpose of this study is to investigate the distributional patterns of relative pronouns depending on genres and identify the pragmatic factors which affect the preference of using a certain type of relative pronoun. Since we assume that the different genres reflect different discourse purposes, we selected three different genres in spoken discourse such as conversation, classroom lesson, and broadcast talk, and three in written discourse such as social letter, novel, and press news report. The research data for this paper is limited to zero, that, which, who, and whom. To examine the distribution of relative pronouns, we collected 200 relative clauses from each selected genre in ICE-GB corpus. Our finding shows that the discourse purpose can make an effect on the real usage of relative pronouns. Another finding is that the distributional patterns of syntactic types and those of restrictive usage of relative pronouns are realized differently depending on genres because of genre specific characteristics. Accordingly, our results provide compelling evidence that pragmatic factors affect the variation of relative pronouns.

Is Regional Voting Still Effective? Empirical Analyses of Local Elections in Korea

Jang, Eunyoung,Eom, Kihong 서강대학교 현대정치연구소 2015 현대정치연구 Vol.8 No.1

This paper aims at examining whether or not regional voting behavior disappears in Korean politics. Regional voting behavior has been one of crucial factors to affect election outcomes in Korea, thereby suffering from regional conflicts. A series of recent studies shows, however, that it may fade away. Utilizing from 1995 to 2010 gubernatorial elections, it shows that regional voting behavior remains to be a significant element in Korean elections. It concludes that Korean politics is still suffering from regional fragmentation.

Application of three different water treatment technologies to shale gas produced water

Eunyoung Jang,Seongpil Jeong,Eunhyea Chung 한국자원공학회 2017 Geosystem engineering Vol.20 No.2

Shale gas produced water is a hypersaline wastewater that is generated during the shale gas development process called as a hydraulic fracturing. The produced water contains many substances including inorganic salts, organic compounds, and particulates. The treatment process of the produced water is mainly composed of four parts: oil and water separation, removal of suspended solids, removal of organics, and salts removal. This study focuses on the total dissolved salts removal through applying three different desalination techniques – membrane distillation (MD), reverse osmosis (RO), and evaporative crystallization (EC). The experiments were conducted using synthetic shale gas produced water to understand the changes of chemical properties in permeate and concentrate. In the permeate solution, MD and EC showed more than 99% of salts removal efficiency for all ions, but RO showed relatively low efficiency. In the concentrate solution, the concentrations of all ions varied according to the type of ions and applied treatment methods.

[P2-61] Determination of Flavonoid in Sasa Borealis and its Antiox­idant and Antimicrobial Activity

Eunyoung Hong,Jang,Mikyoung Kim,Miran Jang,Gun-Hee Kim 한국식품영양과학회 2007 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2007 No.10

Lithium‐Filled Double‐Deck Layered Structure of the <i>RE</i>Li<i>_x</i>Cu_2–<i>y</i>P₂ (<i>RE</i> = La, Pr, Nd, Gd, Er; 0.82 ≤ <i>x</i> ≤ 1; 1.19 ≤ <i>y</i> ≤ 1.54) Series: Experimental and Theoret

Jang, Eunyoung,Nam, Gnu,Woo, Hyein,Lee, Junseong,Han, Mi‐,Kyung,Kim, Sung‐,Jin,You, Tae‐,Soo Wiley-VCH 2015 European journal of inorganic chemistry Vol.2015 No.17

<P><B>The cover picture shows</B> schematically how the spilled pieces of Li metal are serendipitously inserted into the space within the double‐deck anionic layers and eventually form the Li‐filled double‐deck layered structure of the <I>RE</I>Li<SUB><I>x</I></SUB>Cu<SUB>2–<I>y</I></SUB>P<SUB><I>y</I></SUB> (<I>RE</I> = La, Pr, Nd, Gd, Er; 0.82 ≤ <I>x</I> ≤ 1; 1.19 ≤ <I>y</I> ≤ 1.54) series. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction data demonstrates partial occupation of Li and Cu sites. The compounds were thoroughly investigated by temperature‐dependent <SUP>7</SUP>Li NMR spectroscopy, thermal conductivity, as well as magnetization studies. Theoretical studies based on DOS, COHP, and ELF were also carried out. Details are discussed in the article by T.‐S. You et al. on p. 2786 ff. For more on the story behind the cover research, see the Cover Profile. </P>

A Cognitive Approach to the Semantics of UP

Eunyoung Jang 한국중원언어학회 2017 언어학연구 Vol.0 No.45

The purpose of this study is to examine how apparently diverse and different meanings of up are related to one another systematically. To do so, the meanings of up are analyzed in detail in respect to the prototypical theory, the method of meaning extension, ‘metaphor’, and the cognitive process of polysemy. Based on the historical origin of up, the concept of the upper direction and paused position from the upper direction is perceived as the prototypical meaning since it is the most readily depictable and conceptualized in physical and spatial domain. In addition, the prototypical meaning of up gives rise to the concepts of ‘vertical sense of up’, ‘slanting sense of up’, and ‘horizontal sense of up’ depending on the different paths in a physical and spatial domain. These senses of up derived through cognitive conceptualization can be enlarged by the device of metaphor, inducing the senses of ‘upness’, ‘moreness’ and ‘closing gap’ in an abstract domain. These diverse meanings are demonstrated on the continuum as a semantic network to describe how they are associated with one another systematically.

Lithium‐Filled Double‐Deck Layered Structure of the <i>RE</i>Li<i>_x</i>Cu_2–<i>y</i>P₂ (<i>RE</i> = La, Pr, Nd, Gd, Er; 0.82 ≤ <i>x</i> ≤ 1; 1.19 ≤ <i>y</i> ≤ 1.54) Series: Experimental and Theoret

Jang, Eunyoung,Nam, Gnu,Woo, Hyein,Lee, Junseong,Han, Mi‐,Kyung,Kim, Sung‐,Jin,You, Tae‐,Soo Wiley-VCH 2015 European journal of inorganic chemistry Vol.2015 No.17

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Five rare‐earth metal containing quaternary phosphides in the <I>RE</I>Li<I><SUB>x</SUB></I>Cu<SUB>2–<I>y</I></SUB>P<SUB>2</SUB> (<I>RE</I> = La, Pr, Nd, Gd, Er; 0.82 ≤ <I>x</I> ≤ 1; 1.19 ≤ <I>y</I> ≤ 1.54) series were synthesized by using high‐temperature synthetic methods, and they were characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The title compounds crystallize in the trigonal space group <I>P</I><TEX>$\bar {3}$</TEX><I>m</I>1 (<I>Z</I> = 1, Pearson code <I>hP</I>6) with four crystallographically independent atomic positions. The overall crystal structure can be described as a “Li‐filled” CaAl<SUB>2</SUB>Si<SUB>2</SUB>‐type structure, in which a partially occupied Li site is embedded within the “double‐deck” layers formed by two anionic components. Tight‐binding linear muffin‐tin orbital calculations including density of states, crystal orbital Hamilton population, and electron localization function analyses provided rationales for the overall electronic structure and chemical bonding of the title phase. PrLi<SUB>0.98(5)</SUB>Cu<SUB>1.54(1)</SUB>P<SUB>2</SUB> indicated an antiferromagnetic interaction of Pr at a relatively low temperature with a paramagnetic Curie temperature of –6.8 K and a thermal conductivity of 3.2 W mK<SUP>–1</SUP> at 323 K.</P>

A Study on Visual Cognitiveness through Cartoon in Adults with Mild Intellectual Disabilities

EunYoung Jang,Whasoo Kim 한국청각언어재활학회 2022 Audiology and Speech Research Vol.18 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the qualitative difference between the reasoning comprehension ability (bridging, elaborative, inference on emotional response) and speech bubble filling expressions in cartoons of the adult group with mild intellectual disability and the group of general students who matched their language age. Methods: The subjects were 15 adults with mild intellectual disability aged 18~21 years old, 15 students aged 11~12 years old, and 15 general students who matched their language age, totaling 30 subjects. Results: First, it is confirmed that there was a significant difference between the two groups according to the type of reasoning in the ability to understand reasoning shown in the cartoon. By group, emotional response > elaborative > bridging inference was shown in the case of adult groups with mild intellectual disabilities, and bridging > elaborative > emotional response inference in the case of general student groups. Second, the qualitative analysis with the Likert scale in the cartoon inference expression showed significant differences in each fluency evaluation type. In addition, both groups were averaged in order of pronunciation > speech speed > intonation > grammar. Conclusion: It can be seen that adults with mild intellectual disabilities have difficulty of inferring any content that is not shown between scenes through other scenes, and that various vocabulary uses have not appeared in the context