정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

DOC의 K-7 Mode에 의한 배기가스 저감에 관한 연구

한영출,백두성,오용석,박만재,박귀열,류규현 韓國工作機械學會 2000 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.9 No.3

With the significant growth of the number of vehicles, environmental problems is raised. NOx, SOx, and PM emissions in diesel powered vehicles are larger than that in gasoline, because the development of pollutants reduction techniques has no: been yet achieved. So it is need to develop after-treatment or to convert into alternative fuel to satisfy emission regula-tion. Among the after-treatment systems to reduce the diesel emissions, studies with diesel oxidation catalyst(DOC) are done greatly. In this study using DOC, reduction efficiency with the change of temperature and catalyst loading was calculated through measurements of CO, HC, PM, and SOx.

팔라디움 촉매하에서 산염화물과 유기주석의 커플링 반응

김두화,박정환,한도수,허선아,김성현,조성동 조선대학교 기초과학연구소 1992 自然科學硏究 Vol.15 No.1

The reaction of Asymmetrical organotins with acid chlorides in the presence of Benzylbis (triphenylphosphine) palladium(Ⅱ) chloride gave good yields of ketones in chloroform.

JSP를 이용한 B2C기반의 효율적인 쇼핑몰 구축

임한수,윤선심,박두순 순천향대학교 부설 산업기술연구소 2002 순천향 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.8 No.1

With the boom of business-to-customer applications and the need to run web applications over a variety of user devices, the intenet community is rapidly realizing the power of web as a platfrom for electronic commerce. Efficient software reusability and server overhead is an important issue. Most of shopping malls for electronic commerce is implemented with Asp or php which is web-programming. But Asp or php is dropping reusability of program and have dependent to platform. We have designed a system shopping mall and a algorithm for efficient software reusability and reducting sever overhead. This paper proposes an implementation of shopping mall based on the JSP for electronic commerce. We describe some of these results in this paper.

春·秋二期作 감자의 品種別 年差間 生育 및 收量特性의 變化

金翰琳,姜一斗 濟州大學校 亞熱帶農業硏究所 1999 亞熱帶農業硏究 Vol.16 No.-

Abstract This study was conducted to determine the recommendable potato cultivar for spring and fall cropping using 7 cultivars containing Dejma in Chejudo from May, 1997 to November, 1998. The emergence rate in 1997 was higher than in 1998. There was no difference between cultivars in spring cropping, but the rate in Dejima, Gosi 2, and Gosi 5 were great in fall cropping. Significant differences between cultivars were found in the stem length and the number of stems per plant in spring and fall cropping. The stem of Dejima in sping and that of Gosi 3 in fall were long. The number of stems was large in Gosi 4 in spring and in Gosi 2 in fall. The number of tubers per plant in Gosi 4 was large in spring and fall cropping, but this resulted in light tuber and low rate of marketable yield. The number of tubers and the average tuber weight were great in Dejima, Gosi 1, Gosi 2, and Gosi 5. There was no significant difference between cultivars in the specific gravity of tuber. A difference between cultivars in the marketable yield was found in spring and fall cropping, but not in total yield. The Marketable yield of Gosi 1, Gosi 2, and Gosi 5 were greater than Dejima, but the dehiscent tubers in. Gosi 5 resulted in low marketability. As a result, the recommendable Cultivars in Cheju-do were Gosi 1, and Gosi 2 for spring and fall croppin.

역전파알고리즘 기반 자율주행로봇의 지역경로계획설계

정헌,박경석,이경웅,박기두,최한수 조선대학교 전자정보통신연구소 2002 電子情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.5 No.2

The research about the AMR has been progressed, which can bridge a disadvantage that a robot performs under a position unmoved. The AMR-Research constitutes skelton, path planning, AMRcontrol, sensor fusion and obstacle avoidance etc... The path planning of autonomous mobile robot use two method. One is global path planning and another is local path planning. In this paper, we study the local path planning of autonomous mobile robot move in unknown enviroment. This local path planning is based on neural network using the direction indicator rules learning. Also the system is made up of sensor system. The experimental results show that the developed direction indicator system operates properly and strongly at circumstance

慶北大學校 敎科課程의 改善에 關한 硏究 : The Case of Kyungpook national University

金容圭,李宇一,朴斗元,李慶燮,韓宗烈 慶北大學校 師範大學 1976 敎育硏究誌 Vol.18 No.-

This is the research paper on the curriculum improvement of Kyungpook National University. The curriculum of a college or university is the organized contents of all courses in order to accomplish the educational goals of the higher institution in an effective way. Needless to say, when curriculum is developed, the needs of the society and of the nation where the university is located, should be sufficiently reflected on its development. As an effort toward improving educatioal programs of higher institutions, the Ministry of Education has been encouraging each college or university to engage in the "Pilot Schol Project", a national experimental academic refrom project which was started in 1973 under the sponsorship of the Ministry of Education. In compliance with this policy, Kyungpook National Uuiversity has been not only making its every effort in improving the curriculum by each college within the campus since 1973, but also, continuing its research on the curriculum development in various areas. The research team has been attempted to systematize the direction of the curriculum improvement to meet the needs of the present and of the modern soceity by indicating the particelar characteristics of each college curriculum. This research paper has been focused on testing the validity of the contents of the revised curriculum which covers such areas as the minimum credit hours required for graduation, division making, and sequence of each division, etc.. As a research tool for the purpose of this study, comparative method has been utilized in order to verify the validity of the revised curriculum by means of comparing the above listed items with the current our university curriculum and those of the advanced countries.

矮化劑 處理가 바나나의 生育 및 收量에 미치는 影響

李宗錫,姜榮吉,朴才昊,韓海龍,文斗吉,金龍湖 濟州大學校 亞熱帶農業硏究所 1990 亞熱帶農業硏究 Vol.7 No.-

바나나에 알맞은 矮化劑를 選拔하고자 몇종의 矮化劑를 Dwarf Cavendish에 처리하였던 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 주당 80mg 이하의 paclobutrazol 土壤灌注 처리는 草長, 莖葉特性, 果實收量, 果實特性 등에 영향을 주지 않았다. 200mg 이상 처리구에서는 草長과 假莖長이 단축되는 경향을 보였고 果梗長은 유의성 있게 단축되었으나 다른 莖葉特性이나 果實收量, 果實特性은 무처리구와 큰 차이가 없었다. 2. 주당 20mg의 ancymidol 土壤灌注에 의해서 草長과 假莖長이 단축되는 경향이나 다른 莖葉特性이나 果實收量, 果實特性은 무처리구와 큰 차이가 없었다. 3. 5000ppm의 chlormequat 수용액 2회 葉面撤布區에서는 草長, 莖葉特性, 果實收量, 果實特性 등이 무처리구와 비슷하였다. 4. 草長과 假莖을 현저히 단축시키는 藥量의 矮化劑를 처리할 때 果梗이 假莖에서 빠져나오지 못할 것으로 보여 바나나에 있어서 矮化劑의 실용성은 없을 것 같다. This study was conducted to select growth retardants for bananas grown in a plastic greenhouse. The various rates of paclobutrazol(40, 80, 200 and 400mg/plant) and 20mg/plant of ancymidol were soil drenched and 5000ppm solution of chlormequat was foliarly sprayed twice. Application of less than 80mg of paclobutrazol did not affect plant height, pseudostem and leaf characteristics fruit yield and fruit characteristics. Application of 200 or 400mg of paclobutrazol tended to reduce plant height and pseudostem length and significantly shortened fruit stalk but did not affect the other characteristics. Application of 20mg of ancymidol tended to reduce plant height and pseudostem length but did not influence the other characteristics. Foliar spray of 5000ppm solution of chlormequat did not influence any measured plant traits. Application of growth retardants to bananas grown in a plastic greenhouse may not be beneficial because growth retardant rates to reduce plant height and pseudostem length significantly appear to prevent fruit stalks from fully emerging.

항정신병약물 사용 중인 정신분열병 환자에서 올란자판으로의 교체 방법에 관한 연구(II) : Comparison of Safety 안전성 비교

안용민,권용실,권준수,민성호,박두병,양문정,소형석,송종호,신윤식,우행원,유범희,이홍석,정한용,한창환,김용식 大韓神經精神醫學會 2002 신경정신의학 Vol.41 No.5

연구목적: 이 다기관 공동임상연구는 사용 중인 항정신병약물을 ’직접 교체 방법’또는 ’시작-감량 교체 방법’중 한 가지 방법으로 올란자핀으로 교체한 후, 안정성 측면에서 두 교체 방법 간의 비교와 교체후의 변화를 관찰하기 위한 것이다. 방법: 국내 13개 병원의 입원 및 외래에 내원한 환자들 중 ICD-10 지단기준으로 정신분열병에 해당되며, 임상적으로 항정신병약물 교체가 필요한 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 두 가지 교체 방법 중 한 가지를 무작위로 피험자에 적용하였으며, ’직접 교체 방법’에 배정된 경우에는 사용중인 항정신병약물을 일시에 중단하고 10㎎의 올란자핀을 바로 투여하였고, ’시작-감량 교체 방법’에 배정된 경우는 10㎎의 올란자핀 투여하고 2주에 걸쳐서 기존 약물을 감량하여 중단하였다. 올란자핀 사용기간은 총 6주이며, 용량은 5∼20㎎ 범위로 제한하였다. 한정성 평가를 위해서 체중, 생명징후, 자발적인 이상반응 복, 실험실 검사 그리고 Simpson-Angus Scale(SAS), Barnes akathisia rating scale(BARS), Abnormal involuntary movement scale(AIMS). Liverpool University neuroleptic side effect rating scale(LUNSERS)등을 이용하였다. 결과: 총 103명의 정신분열병 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 사용한 올란자핀의 용량, 벤조디아제핀의 병용률, 탈락률과 탈락 사유, 자발적인 이상반응 보고, 생명징후, 실험실 검사 그리고 대부분의 부작용 척도 상에서 임상적으로 의미 있는 차이를 두 교체 방법간에 발견하지 못하였다. 다만 AIMS의 감소는 ’직접 교체 방법’군에서 보다 적었고, 항콜린제의 병용률은 ’시작-감량 교체 방법’군에서 보다 많았다. 기저 상태에서 전체 피험자의 SAS와 BARS 점수는 각각 3.5점과 1.8점이었으며 70% 이상의 피험자가 고프로락틴 혈증을 보였다. 올란자핀으로 교체한 후, SAS, BARS, AIMS 점수의 유의한 감소가 있었으며 고프로락틴 혈증을 보인 피험자 분율도 약 30%이하로 감소하였다. 그러나 교체 방법과 상관없이 올란자핀 교체 후 유의한 체중 증가가 있었다. 결론: 이 연구를 통해 교체 방법에 관계없이 비교적 안전하고 용이하게 올란자핀으로 교체 할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 기존 항정신병약물을 올란자핀으로 교체함으로써 일부 부작용들을 줄일 수 있음을 간접적으로 관찰할 수 있었다. 하지만 이 연구는 여러 제한점과 문제점을 지니고 있기 때문에 보다 체계적인 연구를 통해 검정이 필요하리라 생각된다. Objectives: This multicenter clinical trial involving 13 hospital sites compared the safely of switching to olanzapine between ’direct switching method’ and ’start-tapering switching method’. Method: This study included both inpatients and outpatients who fulfilled the criteria for schizophrenia as defined in the ICD-10, and were in need to be appropriate for switching antipsychotics. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of the two switching methods. For ’direct switching method’group, previous antipsychotics were abruptly discontinued and 10㎎ of olanzapine was administered, and previous antipsychotics was gradually tapered for 2 weeks. Olanzapine was used for 6 weeks and the dose was adjusted within the range of 5-20㎎. The safety of switching to olanzapine was measured with vital sings including body weight, adverse events reported spontaneously, laboratory tests, and various scales such as Simpson-Angus Scale(SAS), Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale(BARS). Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale(AIMS), and Liverpool University Neuroleptic Side Effect Rating Scale(LUNSERS). Results: 103 patients were switched to olanzapine in this study. The comparison between two switching methods did not show any significant difference in the dosage of olanzapine used, the concomitant use of benzodiazepine, the rate and reasons of drop-out, the adverse events, vital signs, laboratory tests, and most scales for measuring side-effects. However, the decrease in AIMS scores was significantly lower in ’direct switching method’ group, and the concomitant use of anticholinergics was comparatively greater in ’start-tapering switching method’ group. At baseline, SAS and BARS scores were 3.5 and 1.8 points respectively, and more than 70% of the subjects showed hyperprolactinemia. After switching to olanzapine, SAS, BARS, and AIMS scores were significantly decreased and the proportion of the patients with hyperprolactinemia was also decreased to less than 30%. However significant weight gain after the treatment of olanzapine was observed regardless of switching method. Conclusion: This study may suggest that switching to olanzapine can be done with relatively high safety regardless of switching methods and olanzapine can significantly decrease some side-effects induced by other antipsychotics.

도서관리 종합 정보 시스템 설계 및 구현

윤선심,김영준,유재중,이호근,김영현,임한수,박두순 순천향대학교 부설 산업기술연구소 2002 순천향 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.8 No.1

There has been a sizable growth in the use of rich media over the World Wide Web(WWW) as more individuals and institutions realize rich-media's potential in a broad range of applications, including electronic commerce, education and training, news, etc. Internet and WWW technologies provide the information of the web. Libraries are systems that carry out interactions among information and knowledge seekers. Library become more and more important for the provision of data. Total information system for books management exist in many forms. We present total information system for books management which is applied to several different sources, e.g., administrator security login, statistics about the present state of lending, printing management, and convenient GUI(Graphic User Interface) environment.