Effect of Directors’ Transactional/Transformational Leadership and Organizational Culture on Kindergartens’ Cultural Competences

( Chung Hee Chung ),( Gye Wan Moon ),( Hyo Rim Lee ) 한국유아교육학회 2015 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION Vol.21 No.1

This study examines the effects of directors` leadership and organizational culture on teachers` perceptions of kindergartens` cultural competences. The study`s participants included 162 early childhood teachers who responded to the Multiple Leadership Questionnaire and the Principals` Transformational Leadership Questionnaire, which were both developed by Bass and later revised by Hwang. Song`s Organizational Culture scale was used to measure cultural competence, and Chung and Lee`s Cultural Competence of Early Childhood Institution scale was used to assess the level of cultural competence among early childhood institutions specifically. The collected data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient, hierarchical multiple regression analysis, and stepwise regression analysis. The results revealed meaningful statistical correlations between directors` transactional/ transformational leadership, kindergartens` organizational cultures, and kindergartens` cultural competences. Furthermore, analysis of the influence of independent variables such as directors` transactional/transformational leadership and organizational culture on kindergartens` cultural competences produced an explanation power of 41.3%.

청국장에 관한 연구(Ⅰ) : 청국장 제조과정에 있어서 콩단백질의 변화에 대하여 On the changes of soy - bean protein in manufacturing Chung - Kook - Jang

이계호,이효지,정문교 한국농화학회 1971 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.14 No.3

As a series on the soy-bean protein and their related substances 9 samples were collected from 9 places such as straws (Rice) to obtain bacterial strains which produce protease. From these samples total of 23 strains were isolated by the use of dilution pour plate method. For all isolated strains primary screening of productivity of protease was performed and useful straines with regard to protease productivities were identified. Optimum conditions for enzyme action of protease from isolates D_9, F_(20) strains were pH 7.5 and 40℃. Chung-Kook-Jang is one of the characteristic foods in Korea made from soy-bean by fermentation. The chief bacterium is Bacillus subtilis and the chief change which takes place in soy-bean during fermentation is degradation of protein. Three kinds of Chung-Kook-Jang were prepared using three different strains of Bacillus natto, D_9 and F_(20) from isolated. Water soluble-N, TCA soluble-N, amino-N and peptide-N were measured about the steamed soybean, Chung-Kook-Jang prepared with three strains of bacteria. Water soluble-N decreased very largely in steamed soybean, but in Chung-Kook-Jang it increased to 85% of raw soy-bean.

절수에 의한 Mongolian Gerbil 장기중량변화에 관한 분석연구

김무강,이기훈,이강이,송치원,이경열,권효정,박미선,정승혁,이행연,김명철 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 2000 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.8 No.-

In this study, authors measured the each organ weight of the long term water deprived Mongolian gerbil, after then we calculated the mean, standard deviation, variance coefficient of the real measured organ weight and induced the organ weight change quantity, rate of quantity, deviation between measured and theological organ weight, deviation rate, sum of deviation rate, organ weight change rate, rate of organ weight by the mathematical formula. The results obtained as follow 1. The weight of the brains, lung, and testis were abruptly decreased after water deprived until the 5th day, after then slowly decreased until the 20th day. 2. The weight of the heart was decreased gradually from the first day until the 20th day. 3. The weight of the liver was abruptly decreased until the 10th day, after then the more slowly decreased until the 20th day. 4. The weight of the thymus, spleen, kidney, and pancreas were abruptly decreased until the 15th day, after then increased slowly until 20th day but the weight of the kidney was abruptly increased from the 10th day. 5. The organ weight change rate and the rate of the each day organ weight were very diversified.

상아 소구치 근관치료후 수복방법에 따른 응력분포의 유한 요소 분석

이재영,이정식,조효선 大韓齒科保存學會 1996 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.21 No.1

백합가루 첨가량에 따른 백합병(百合餠)의 관능적·텍스쳐 측정

이효지,정낙원,신수진 한국조리과학회 2004 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.20 No.5

The purpose of this study was to determine gain the most desirable mixture ratio for the ingredients of Backhapbyung. Sensory examination and mechanical test were conducted on the texture, water contents and color degree of Backhapbyung with various ratios of liliibulbs powder and sugar added to nonglutinous rice flour. The results of sensory evaluation showed that Backhapbyung composed of put 8% (24g) liliibulbs powder, 40g sugar, 40ml water and 276g nonglutinous rice flour had the highest overall score in terns of acceptability, after-swallowing and taste of flavor, and overall quality preference. Overall among the recipes tested, that with 6% (24g) liliibulbs powder, 40g sugar, 40m1 water and 282g nonglutinous rice flour showed the highest marks in springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness. The moisture content was 33.54% nonglutinous rice flour, and 11.8% liliibulbs powder. The overall quality of sensory examination for bitterness was positively correlated with the hardness of sensory examination and the mechanical examination for adhesiveness. The overall quality of sensory examination for chewiness was positively correlated with the moistness of sensory examination and the mechanical examination for cohesiveness. From the above results, the best mixture ratio of Backhapbyung, with a moisture content of 37.18%, is 8% (24g) of liliibulbs powder, -10g sugar, 40ml water, and 3g salt and 276g nonglutinous rice flour.

분광광도계를 이용한 커피와 인공타액에서의 수복용 복합레진의 변색에

이정식,조효선,엄승희 大韓齒科保存學會 1996 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.21 No.2

우리나라 간염 B표면항원 음성 만성 간질환 환자에서 B형 및 C형 간염 바이러스의 원인적 역할 : 중합효소 연쇄반응을 이용한 혈청 B형 간염 바이러스 DNA 검출 및 혈청 anti-HCV 검출에 의한 규명 Determination of Serum HBV DNA Using Polymerase Chain Reaction and of Serum Anti-HCV Using ELISA

이효석,윤정환,김웅,김정룡 대한내과학회 1992 대한내과학회지 Vol.42 No.1

중합효소 연쇄반응법이 소개된 후, 간염 B표면항원 음성인 만성 간질환 환자의 혈청내 존재하는 극미량의 B형 간염 바이러스 DNA(HBV DNA)를 검출할 수 있게 되었다. 또한, C형 간염 바이러스(HCV)에 대한 혈청학적 검사 방법인 C100-3항원에 대한 항체 측정법(anti-HCV)이 개발된 후 C형 간염 바이러스 감염의 증거로 이용되게 되었다. 이에 연구자는 간염 B표면항원 음성인 만성 간질환의 병인으로서 B형 간염바이러스 및 C형 간염 바이러스의 상대적 역할을 규명하고, 간염 B표면항원 음성 만성 간질환 환자 80명을 대상으로 중합효소 연쇄반응법을 이용하여 혈청내 HBV DNA를 검출하고, 동시에 ELISA법으로 anti-HCV를 검출하였다. 전체 80명의 환자는 B형 간염 바이러스의 혈청학적 양상에 따라 다음 세군으로 구분되었다. 1) B형 간염 핵항체만 양성인 군(제1군, 24명), 2) B형 간염 핵항체 및 표면 항체가 모두 양성인 군(제 2군, 24명) 및 3) 모든 B형 간염 바이러스 혈청학적 표지자가 음성인 군(제 3군, 32명). 전체 80명 중 혈청 HBV DNA는 15%, anti-HCV는 46%에서 검출되었다. 제1군, 2군 및 3군에서의 혈철 HBV DNA 검출률은 각각 46%, 0% 및 3%였으며, anti-HCV 검출률은 각각 54%, 54% 및 34%였다. 또한 중복감염은 제 1군에서만 22%였다. 이상의 결과로 간염 B표면항원 음성인 만성 간질환 환자의 병인으로서 HCV가 중요한 역할을 하며, 특히 B형 간염 핵항체만 양성인 군에서는 HCV뿐만 아니라 HBV도 중요한 병인으로 작용하고 있음을 알았다. 그러나 상기 결과는 아직 밝혀지지 않은 또 다른 간염 바이러스의 존재 가능성을 시사해주는 소견이기도 하다. An extremely low level of serum HBV DNA can now be detected in patients with HBsAg-negative chronic liver disease with the advent of polymerase chain reaction analysis for HBV DNA. The serologic test for antibody to hepatitis C virus, namely the detection of anti-C100-3 antibody, has provided a good marker of chronic, persistent viremia. To investigate the relative etiologic role of HBV and HCV in HBsAg-negative patients with chronic liver disease, serum HBV DNA and anti-HCV were detected by polymerase chain reaction-Southern blot analysis and ELISA, respectively, in 80 HBsAg-negative patients with chronic liver disease. A total of 80 patients were divided into 3 groups according to the serologic profiles for hepatitis B virus: 1) isolated anti-HBc positive(group Ⅰ, n=24), 2) positive for both anti-HBc and anti-HBs(group Ⅱ, n=24) and 3) negative for all hepatitis B virus serologic markers (group Ⅲ, n=32). Serum HBV DNA and anti-HCV were detected in 15% and 46%, respectively, of the total number of patients. Serum HBV DNA was detected in 46%, 0%, and 3% of groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ, respectively. Positive anti-HCV tests were obtained in 54%, 54%, and 34% of group Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ, respectively. Coinfection was proven in 22% of group Ⅰ, while it was none of both groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ. Both HBV DNA and anti-HCV were not detected in 21%, 46%, and 63% of groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ, respectively. We concluded that HCV plays a prominent etiologic role in HBsAg-negative patients with chronic liver disease in Korea. However, both HBV and HCV are important in the development of chronic liver disease in patients with isolated anti-HBc.

찹쌀가루를 첨가한 솔설기의 재료배합비에 따른 관능적,텍스쳐 특성

이효지,정낙원,차경희 한국조리과학회 2002 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.18 No.6

The objectives of this study was to investigate the sensory and quality characteristics of Solsulgi made from rice flour and glutinous rice flour containing 1, 2, or 3% of pine leaves powder. The results of sensory evaluation showed that Solsulgi containing 1% pine leaves powder had high overall acceptability, chewiness and sweetness preference. In the results of textural analysis, the hardness was decreased by adding pine leaves powder. Hunter color L-value of Solsulgi decreased by increasing the level of pine leaves powder. The more pine leaves powder was added, the a-value and b-value of Solsulgi were decreased. The moisture content was higher in Solsulgi with sugar than honey and oligo-saccharide.

뇨(尿)중 3-Methylhistidine 함량의 측정과 이용

정수현,서형주,김윤숙,이효구,강덕호 한국식품영양학회 1996 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.9 No.2

기존의 방법을 일부 수정하여 뇨중 3-methylhistidine을 분석하였다. 뇨중 3-methylhistidine을 fluorescamine 유도체화하여 HPLC에 주입하고 C_18 column과 10 mM acetonitrile/sodium phosphate buffer(pH 7.5)로 분리·용출시켜 형광검출기로 측정하였다. 3-methylhistidine의 체류시간은 7분 이내이었으며, histidine과의 분리상태도 서로 간섭함이 없이 양호하였다. 뇨에 3-methylhistidine을 첨가하고 이를 분석하였을 때의 회수율은 93∼106%로 높은 수준이었다. 체육학과 남학생중 웨이트 트레이닝 단련자와 비단련자를 대상으로 조사한 단기간의 웨이트 트레이닝에 따른 뇨중 3-methylhistidine 함량의 변화는 두 집단 모두 웨이트 트레이닝후의 3-methylhistidine 분비량이 유의하게 증가하였다. A modified method is given for the precolumn derivatization and subsequent high-pressure liquid chromatographic seperation of 3-methylhistidine from urine. The elution contained isocratic solution with acetonirile and 10 mM sodium phosphate(pH 7.5) requires less than 7 min. The recoveries of 3-methylhistidine from urine control were 93% to 106%. 3-Methylhistidine determinations were performed on urine samples from volunteers who were both male trained and non-trained physical undergraduates. As the result, urinary 3-methylhistidine content of volunteers increased significantly after weight training.

기계적 합금화에 의한 Cr-N계 합금분말의 합성연구

이충효,이상진 木浦大學校 應用科學硏究院 2001 應用科學硏究誌 Vol.1 No.-

Mechanical alloying(MA) by high energy ball mill of pure chromium powders was carried out under the nitrogen gas atmosphere. Cr-N amorphous alloy powders have been produced through the solid-gas reaction subjected to MA. The atomic structure during amorphization process was observed by X-ray and neutron diffractions. An advantage of the neutron diffraction technique allows us to observe the local structure surrounding a nitrogen atom because of a large coherent scattering length of the N atom in comparison with that of the Cr atom. The coordination number of metal atoms around a N atom approaches with 5.5 atoms. This implies that the nitrogen atom is located at both of centers of the tetrahedron, octahedron and/or trigonal prism formed by metal atoms to stabilize the amorphous structure.