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좌심방이 혈전을 동반한 승모판 협착증 환자에서 풍선판막성형술 : 경구항응고 요법과 경식도 초음파의 역할
정상식(Sang Sig Cheong),박승정(Seung Jung Park),송재관(Jae Kwan Song),홍명기(Myeong Ki Hong),강덕현(Duk Hyun Kang),김재중(Jae Joong Kim),박성욱(Seong Wook Park),이종구(Jong Koo Lee) 대한내과학회 1996 대한내과학회지 Vol.50 No.6
Objectives: The presence of left atrial thrombi is believed to be a contraindication to balloon dilatation in mitral stenosis. The purpose of this study is to determine whether balloon valvuloplasty is possible in mitral stenosis patients with left atrial thrombi after oral anticoagulation therapy and to evaluate the evolution of left atrial thrombi with oral anticoagulation by transesophageal echocardiography. Methods: Prospective oral anticoagulation with warfarin has been started in tight mitral stenosis with left atrial thrombi. Regular follow up has been performed by transesophageal echocardiography to determine whether the left atrial appendage thrombi are resolved. Percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty has been performed after resolution of left atrial appendage thrombi with oral anticoagulation. Results: Fourteen patients were included in this study period. Nine patients(64%) had been performed balloon valvuloplasty after average 8month oral anticoagulation. Mitral valve replacement had been performed in 3(21%) patients due to renal embolism, menorrhagia and no change of left atrial appendage thrombi. There are two cases in decreasing thrombi size with oral anticoagulation, Conculsion: Left atrial appendage thrombi in mitral stenosis could be resolved in a high proportion after oral anticoagulation treatment, which has been followed by transesophageal echocardiography. Percutaneous mitral halloon valvuloplasty could be safe and effective treatment modality despite of the presence of left atrial appendge thrombi after oral anticoagulation therapy.
강성군(Sung-gun Kang),노태천(Tae-Cheon Rho),함승연(Seung-Yeon, Hahm),김정식(Cheong-Sig Kim) 한국공학교육학회 2006 공학교육연구 Vol.9 No.2
한국의 공학교육 인증은 1999년에 한국공학교육인증원을 설립하면서 시작되어 2001년부터 공학교육 프로그램을 인증하였다. 우수한 인재의 공과대학 진학 유도와 우수한 공학도의 양성 및 국제적으로 인정 받는 공학도 양성 등이 목표가 되었다. 이러한 이유로 도입된 공학교육인증은 해를 거듭하면서 인증을 받고자 참여하는 대학과 프로그램의 수가 늘어 활성화되고 있다. 이 연구에서는 한국의 공학교육과 공학 교육인증의 현황을 살펴보고 이를 바탕으로 한국 공학교육이 나아갈 방향을 모색해 보았다. 한국의 공학 교육이 더욱 발전하기 위해서는 우수한 학생을 공과대학에 유치하기 위한 노력과 질 좋은 교육을 할 수있도록 많은 지원이 필요하고, 국제적인 수준의 공학교육을 인정 받기 위한 워싱턴 협정의 정식 회원국이 되어야 하며, 이를 위한 공학관련 기관과 단체, 기업들의 적극적인 협조가 필요하다. The Accreditation Board for Engineering Education in Korea was founded in 1999 and the first engineering education programs were accredited in 2001. The purpose of accreditation was to attract outstanding students to engineering colleges as well as to raise highly qualified engineers who would be recognized internationally. The accreditation of engineering education has expanded as more and more colleges and programs are asking to participate in this accreditation program. This study examines the current position and future direction of Korean engineering education. To develop further, engineering education in Korea requires more support to attract outstanding students to engineering colleges and to provide high quality education. Also, Korea should become a member of Washington Accord to be recognized as international level of engineering education as well as active cooperation from engineering related organizations, institutions, and businesses.
정시정 ( Jeong Si Jeong ),김청수 ( Kim Cheong Su ),장재원 ( Jang Jae Won ),김순배 ( Kim Sun Bae ),이상구 ( Lee Sang Gu ),박정식 ( Park Jeong Sig ) 대한신장학회 2003 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.22 No.3
배 경 : Monocyte chmoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1)과 reactive oxygen species (ROS)는 사구체 손상의 유발 및 진행에 중요한 역할을 담당하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 연구자들은 사람의 메산지움세포에서 pro-inflammatory cytokine에 의한 MCP-1 발현 및 lysophosphatidylcholine에 의한 세포 내 ROS 형성에 아스피린의 체내 대사산물인 salicylate가 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 메산지움세포를 salicylate로 전처리 한 후 tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)와 interleukin-1β(IL-1β)로 자극하여 salicylate가 MCP-1 발현 및 nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. MCP-1 mRNA와 단백의 발현 정도는 각각 Northern blot analysis와 효소면역측정법을 이용하여 측정하였고 NF-κB의 활성도 및 NF-κB 억제 단백인 IκB-α의 발현은 각각 electrophoretic mobility shift assay와 Western blot analysis를 이용하여 측정하였다. Lysophosphatidylcholine에 의한 세포 내 ROS의 형성은 2`7`-dichlorofluorescein diacetate를 이용하여 flow cytometry로 측정하였다. 결 과 : Salicylate는 TNF-α와 IL-1β에 의한 MCP-1 mRNA 및 MCP-1 단백 발현을 농도에 비례하여 (1-20 mM) 억제하였으며 이런 억제 효과는 cycloheximide에 의해 영향을 받지 않았다. 또한 salicylate TNF-α와 IL-1β에 의한 NF-κB의 활성화를 농도에 비례하여 (1-20 mM) 억제하였으며 TNF-α에 의한 IκB-α단백의 분해도 억제하였다. 1 mM 이하의 저 농도 salicylate (0.05-1 mM)도 lysophosphatidylcholine에 의한 세포 내 ROS의 생성을 억제 하였다. 결 론 : Salicylate는 사람의 메산지움세포에서 TNF-α와 IL-1β에 의한 MCP-1 mRNA 및 단백 발현을 억제하였으며 이러한 효과는 적어도 일부는 IκB-α단백의 분해 억제 따른 NF-κB의 활성화 억제에 기인하였다. 그러나 이런 효과를 나타내기 위해서는 1 mM 이상의 고농도의 salicylate가 필요하였다. 반면 lysophosphatidylcholine에 의한 세포 내 ROS 생성 억제 효과는 1 mM 이하의 저농도에서도 관찰할 수 있었다. Background: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role during glomerular inflammation. We investigated the effect of aspirin metabolite, salicylate on the pro-inflammatory cytokine-induced MCP-1 expression and lysophosphatidylcholine -induced in-tracellular ROS formation in human mesangial cells. Methods: Cells were pretreated with salicylate, and then timulated with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) or interleukin-1β (IL-1β). The expression of MCP-1 mRNA and MCP-1 protein were measured by Northern blot analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity was measured by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Degradation of IκB-α was assessed by Western blot analysis. Intracellular ROS production was monitored by flow cytometry using 2`7`-dichlorofluorescin diacetate. Results: Salicylate inhibited the TNF-α- or IL-1β induced MCP-1 mRNA expression in a dose dependent manner (1-20 mM) and also suppressed the MCP-1 protein expression. Its effect was not attributable to de novo synthesis of intermediary proteins. Salicylate inhibited the TMF-α- of IL-1β-induced NF-κB binding activity and also suppressed the TNF-α-induced IκB-α degradation. Low concentration of salicylate (0.01-1 mM) suppressed the lysophosphatidylcholine-induced ROS formation. Conclusion: Milimolar concentration of salicylate inhibited the MCP-1 expression at least in part, via suppression of NF-κB by reducing the degradation of IκB-α. On the other hand, lower concentration of salicylate could suppress th lysophosphatidylcho-line-induced intracellular ROS formation. (Krean J Nephrol 2003;22(3):261-272)
젖소 유방원(乳房源) 병원세균(病原細菌)의 항생물질(抗生物質)에 대(對)한 감수성(感受性)
정종식,조성환,조용준,박청규,Chung, Jong Sig,Cho, Sung Whan,Cho, Yoong Jun,Park, Cheong Kyu 대한수의학회 1979 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.19 No.1
The sensitivities of 270 pathogens (124 Streptococci, 118 Staphylococci, 10 Corynebacterium pyogenes and 18 Escherichia coli) isolated from clinical or subclinical cases of bovine mastitis during lactation to 11 antibiotics were determined by the agar plate dilution method. All cultures of Streptococci were inhibited at $1.56{\mu}g/ml$ of ampicillin and 1.56 units/ml of penicillin G. Most of the cultures were inhibited at $3.125{\mu}g/ml$ of leukomycin, but were resistant to kanamycin, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin and colistin at concentration of $12.5{\mu}g/ml$. More than 93% of the Staphlococcal cultures were sensitive to kanamycin, leukomycin, ampicillin, tetracycline, ledermycin and minocycline at concentrations of $12.5{\mu}g/ml$ or less, and sensitive to penicillin at concentration of 3.125 units/ml, but for more than 71% of the cultures to chloramphenicol, erythromycin and colistin the concentrations required to inhibit growth were 100 ${\mu}g/ml$ or higher. All 10 cultures of Corynebacterium pyogenes were inhibited by leucomycin, ampicillin and minocycline at concentration of $1.56{\mu}g/ml$ and by penicillin G at concentration of 0.78 units/ml, but all the cultures required at least $400{\mu}g/ml$ or higher of streptomycin, erythromycin and colistin for inhibition. More than 83% of E. coli cultures were sensitive to erythromycin and minocycline at concentration of $12.5{\mu}g/ml$, but resistant to leucomycin and chloramphenicol at concentration of $100{\mu}g/ml$.
인공 대동맥 판막 기능 부전으로 나타난 과호산구 증후군
최태혁 ( Tae Hyuck Choi ),이주용 ( Ju Yong Lee ),정상식 ( Sang Sig Cheong ),최윤석 ( Yoon Suck Choi ),홍현일 ( Hyun Il Hong ),박종빈 ( Chong Bin Park ),강길현 ( Gil Hyun Kang ) 대한내과학회 2005 대한내과학회지 Vol.69 No.-
Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) refers to a group of leukoproliferative disorders characterized by unexplained persistent eosinophilia associated with damage to several organ. Cardiac involvement is the major source of morbidity and mortality. There have been several case reports that showed various types of cardiac involvement including native or prosthetic valve dysfunction with this syndrome. However, there has been no report involved mechanical aortic valve. We, for the first time, report a case of a 58-year-old man with idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome manifested by prosthetic mechanical aortic valve dysfunction that was successfully treated by valvular replacement, steroid and hydroxyurea therapy.(Korean J Med 69:S974-S978, 2005)
한국인에서 D-Dimer의 위양성과 관련된 인자와 검사의 정확도 향상을 위한 Cut-Off Value
홍만용 ( Man Yong Hong ),이창근 ( Chang Kun Lee ),유상용 ( Sang Yong Yoo ),신대희 ( Dae Hee Shin ),정상식 ( Sang Sig Cheong ),권장훈 ( Jang Hoon Kwon ),장우성 ( Woo Sung Jang ),유승진 ( Seung Jin Yoo ),오광훈 ( Kwang Hoon Oh ) 대한내과학회 2013 대한내과학회지 Vol.84 No.3
Background/Aims: The D-dimer value is a simple blood test used to evaluate venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, due to its low specificity, another test is needed for a definite diagnosis, such as a radiographic test. We evaluate the factors associated with a false positive D-dimer test and propose a new cut-off value for detecting VTE more effectively in Koreans. Methods: This was a retrospective, observational study. From January 2009 to December 2009, 2,047 patients (988 men, 63 ± 15 years) had the D-dimer value checked to evaluate VTE. The main outcome of interest was a positive D-dimer test. Odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals were determined using logistic regression analysis. The new D-dimer cut-off was evaluated using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves. Results: The result was positive in 1,093 patients (53%), for a false positive percentage for VTE of 95% and a false negative percentage for VTE of 1%. Significant false positive predictors for a positive D-dimer were increasing age, trauma, postoperative, acute infection, tuberculosis, stroke, malignancy, chronic renal failure, acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, and lung disease. The discriminative value of the D-dimer test was assessed using ROC curve analysis. A D-dimer value of 0.68 mg/L on admission was the best cut-off value for predicting the development of VTE with a sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 57%. Conclusions: Many factors affect the D-dimer value and we must consider these factors before using the D-dimer value to evaluate VTE. A D-dimer value of 0.68 mg/L appears to be a good cut-off value for evaluating VTE more effectively in Koreans. (Korean J Med 2013;84:372-378)
탄소 전극 형상 변화에 따른 전기화학 커패시터 특성 향상
민형섭,김상식,정덕수,최원국,오영제,이전국,Min, Hyung-Seob,Kim, Sang-Sig,Cheong, Deock-Soo,Choi, Won-Kook,Oh, Young-Jei,Lee, Jeon-Kook 한국재료학회 2009 한국재료학회지 Vol.19 No.10
Activated carbon (AC) with very large surface area has high capacitance per weight. However, such activation methods tend to suffer from low yields, below 50%, and are low in electrode density and capacitance per volume. Carbon NanoFibers (CNFs) had high surface area polarizability, high electrical conductivity and chemical stability, as well as extremely high mechanical strength and modulus, which make them an important material for electrochemical capacitors. The electrochemical properties of immobilized CNF electrodes were studied for use as in electrical double layer capacitor (EDLC) applications. Immobilized CNFs on Ni foam grown by thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) were successfully fabricated. CNFs had a uniform diameter range from 50 to 60 nm. Surface area was 56 m$^2$/g. CNF electrodes were compared with AC and multi wall carbon nanotube (MWNT) electrodes. The electrochemical performance of the various electrodes was examined with aqueous electrolyte of 2M KOH. Equivalent series resistance (ESR) of the CNF electrodes was lower than that of AC and MWNT electrodes. The specific capacitance of 47.5 F/g of the CNF electrodes was achieved with discharge current density of 1 mA/cm$^2$.