도금사업장의 작업환경의 유해인자 노출수준에 관한 연구

문덕환,도수영,이채관,황용식,선병관,손병철,김대환,이창희,김휘동,이채언 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.5

Objective : For the purpose of preparing the fundamental data and assessing the status of exposure level of chemical substances and physical agents. Methods and Material : Such as noise, two types of dust, four types of metals, seventeen types of organic solvents, and four types of other materials classified by specific chemical substances in 21 metal product plating factories classified by 28 processes. The author determined exposure level on those hazardous materials from Jan. to Dec. 2001. Results : The results were as follows: 1. The exposure level for noise was exceeded to Threshold Limit Value(TLV) in the process of 6 cases of Machining, 5 and 4 cases of pre and post-buffing, and 6 cases of waterdrop-removing, the mean noise level of all of processes was not exceeded to compliance level. 2. The exposure level for dust was not exceeded to TLV at all. 3. The exposure level for Chromium(Cr) was exceeded to TLV in Chromium plating process, metal exposure level including Zinc(Zn), Manganese(Mn), and Lead(Pb) was not exceeded to TLV. 4. The exposure level of toluene in case of organic solvents was exceeded to TLV in 1 case of finishing/cleaning, coating/developing process, respectively. 5. The exposure level of four types of other materials classified by specific chemical substances were not exceeded to TLV. 6. The exposure level for dust and metal including Zn, Mn, and Pb was decreased in comparison with two results of air monitoring performed. There was no difference of the exposure level for Cr, noise, and four types of other materials classified by specific chemical substances, and the exposure level for organic solvents was slightly increased. 7. The exposure level for noise in factories employing more than 21 workers was higher than that for noise in foadtories employing less than 20 workers. The more workers, the lower exposure level in metal including Zn, Mn. The exposure level for Cr was increasing in factories employing more than 51 workers, and the more workers the lower exposure level in organic solvents. Conclusion : According to above results, this study suggests positive work environment managements in processes exceeding exposure limit value as well as continuously consecutive work environment management in processes not exceeding exposure limit value and revealing no chronological difference of exposure level should be needed.

Fractal 차원에 의한 표면경화면과 마찰면의 형태해석

문병주,조연상,옥철호,박흥식,전태옥 동아대학교 생산기술연구소 2001 生産技術硏究所硏究論文集 Vol.6 No.1

The determination of surface middleography is believed to be extremely important in the areas of contact mechanics, adhesion and friction. In order to describe middleography of various rubbed and hardened surface, the wear test was carried out under different experimental conditions in dry friction. And fractal descriptors was applied to rubbed and hardened surface of laser modified steel with image processing system. These descriptors to analyze surface structure are fractal dimension. Surface fractal dimension can be determined by sum of intensity difference of surface pixel. middleography of rubbed and hardened surface can be effectively obtained by fractal dimensions.

韓國 傳統 佛寺 配置와 陶磁器의 動的 特性 比較分析

문철수,소병익 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1

This study aims at analyzing dynamic character of Korean traditional temple, that is stem from Korean traditional aesthetics. The method is compare dynamic character of processional moving in temple with representative formative arts traditional ceramic ware. As a result, disposition of Korean traditional temple is consequent expression of common aesthetic intention, the desire of ecstasy, of Korean traditional arts.

백서에서 신 허혈성 손상에 미치는 칼슘 길항제의 효과

문철웅,정종훈,박천국,이승일,배학연,장경식,김만우,정춘해,홍순표,이병래,김호중 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1993 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.18 No.1

Renal ischemia is one of the most common causes of acute renal failure. Four factors related to the pathogenesis of acute renal failure are vasoconstriction, decreased glomerular filtration rate, tubular back leak of filtrate, and intratubular obstruction. The cellular response to renal ischemic insults include decreased content of adenosine trihosphate, lipid peroxidation induced membrane degradation, alteration in cellular pH, and calcium or phospholipase induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Much attention has been given to the role of increased cellular calcium as a pathogenetic contributor to cell injury during ischemia. Author studied the protective effects of calcium antagonists on cellular injury during renal ischemia in rat. To investigate the protective role of these agents, author measured the amount of malondialdehyde(MDA) and the enzyme activities of free radical scarvengers-superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase from non-pretreated group and calcium antagonists pretreated groups in control, ischemia and reflow subgroups. The results were summerized as follows: 1) The amount of MDA in non-pretreated group was higher in the reflow compared with the control(<p<0.01). But, in all pretreated groups, there was no statistically difference in the amount of MDA. 2) The SOD activity in non-pretreated group was lower in both the ischemia and the reflow compared with the control (P<0.05). But, in both verapamil and trifluoperazine-pretreated groups, there was no statistically difference in the SOD activity. 3) Both catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities in non-pretreated group were lower in both the ischemia and the reflow compared with the control (P<0.05). But in all pretreated groups, there was no statically difference in both catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities. These results suggest that free radical mediated ischemic injury by renal artery clamp in rat can be protected by intraperitoneal pretreatment with calcium antagonists. As trifluoperazine has a protective effect in renal ischemia, the calcium activated calmodulin dependent enzyme may play a role in renal ischemic injury.

크랙幅이 壓縮破壞强度에 미치는 影響

文秉秀,黃秀喆,吳範錫,趙鎭境 충북대학교 산업과학기술연구소 2002 산업과학기술연구 논문집 Vol.16 No.1

Under the compressive loads, tensile stress fields are possibly induced according to the boundary condition of compressed body. At the crack tip, the possibility of occurance of tensile stress fields are strong even under the compressive loads. In this paper, the fracturing behavior of brittle materials containing crack are investigated and the compressive strength affected by crack clearance are inspected theoretically and experimentally. Upon the theoretical and experimental results, it is found that compressive strength is decreased as the crack clearance is increased.

용접공들의 망간 폭로와 건강장해에 관한 연구

문덕환,강동묵,손병철 大韓産業醫學會 1999 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.11 No.4

Objectives : In order to evaluate the degree of manganese exposure and its health hazards effect on welders in manufacturing industry. Methods : The author measured airborne, blood and urine concentrations of manganese and blood chemistry, and also observed clinical symptoms and signs on 60 welders for case and 60 non-welders for control working in manufacturing industry by age maching method. Results : The geometric means of blood and urine concentrations of manganese were 1.13±1.38 ㎍/㎗ and 2.52±1.37㎍/ℓ for Welders group, 1.09±1.68 ㎍/㎗ and 1.86±1.34 ㎍/ℓ for Non-welders group. Airborne concentration of manganese was 0.15±1.66㎎/㎥ for exposured group, and the urinary mean concentration of manganese was statistically significant difference between exposured and non-welders group (P<0.05). Clinical signs in welders group were palmomentle reflex(23.3%), tremor(20.0%) and grabellar sign(5.0%). Symptoms in welders group were fatigue(66.7%), amnesia(66,7%), excessive sweating(51.7%), nervousness(51.7%), general weakness(48.3%) and arthralgia(46.7%) and so on, and there was statistically significant difference compared to non-welders group(P<0.05). Manganese effects on blood chemistry were not observed. There were statistically significant correlation between manganese concent- ration in blood and urine(r=0.269), airborne and urine(r=0.601) and airborne and blood(r=0.268). Conclusion : The author suggest that further studies are followed to evaluate the health status of welders whose blood and urine manganese concentrations were below normal reference level, and to establish the questionnaire and the diagnostic tools for early detecting the chronic manganese poisioning on welders.

수입 외국산 모발세정용 화장품의 중금속 농도에 관한 연구

문정아,문덕환,박명희,안진홍,김종은,손병철,김대환,이창희,김휘동,이채언 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.5

Objective : For the purpose of preparing the fundamental data and preventing the health impairment due yo heavy metals in hair cleaner. Methods and Material : The author determined the concentration of heavy metals(Fb, fn, Cr, Ni and Cu) in hair cleaner with flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results : The results were as follows : 1. The mean concentration of heavy metals in total hair cleaner were 0.046㎍/g for Pt, 0.O67㎍/g for Mn, 0.069㎍/g for Cr, 0.046㎍/g for Ni, and 0.022㎍/g for Cu, respectively. 2. There was not statistically significant difference to mean concentrations of each heavy metal in hair cleaner by producing nation. 3. The highest mean concentration of each heavy metal in hair cleaner by type of use were 0.140㎍/g for Mn in sensitive hair cleaner(p<0.05), 0.053㎍/g for Cu in others products(p<0.01). 4. The mean concentration of heavy metals in hair cleaner by type of hair cleaner were high at 0.O54㎍/g for Pb in shampoo products(p<0.O5), 0.120㎍/g for Cr and 0.06㎍/g for Cu in combination products(p<0.01). 5. The mean concentration of heavy metals in hair cleaner by acidity were high at 0.056㎍/g for Pb, 0.124㎍/g for Cr, and 0.032㎍/g for Cu in alkali products (p<0.05). 6. Correlation coefficient of heavy metal concentration in hair cleaner were 0.175 for Pb and Cr, 0.165 for Pb and Mn, 0.824 for Cr, and Mn, 0.189 for Cr, and Ni, 0.406 for Cr, and Cu, 0.197 for Mn and Ni, and 0.375 for Mn and Cu(p<0.05). 7. Exposure amount of heavy metals per when we used lOg of hair cleaner (onetime using amount) were 0.46㎍ for Pb, 0.67㎍ for Mn, 0.69㎍ for Cr, 0.46㎍ for Ni, and 0.22㎍ for Cu, respectively. Conclusion : As above results, there was very low level concentration of heavy metal in hair cleaner but we are using the hair cleaner everyday, therefore we can exposed to heavy metals as cronic exposure so the author suggest to prepare the program of preventing the health impairment due to heavy metals.

담도 폐쇄증 환아의 간경변 조직에서 유전자 발현의 변동

최병호,이현미,김문규,김정철 경북대학교 병원 2002 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.6 No.1

목적:간외 담도 폐쇄증은 소아영역에서 간이식의 적응증으로 가장 많은 부분을 차지하는 질환으로 서 발생원인은 아직 밝혀져 있지 않으며, 간외 담도의 진행성 소실을 설명하기 위한 많은 가설이 제시되어 있으나 증명되지 않았다.따라서 담도 폐쇄증의 원인과 발생과정을 이해하고 조기 진단을 위해 발생과 진행,간섬유화 등에 관여하는 가능한 유전자의 규명은 매우 의미있는 시도이다. 방법:인간 모유두 새포로부터 구축한 cDNA ilbrary를 이용하여 dot blot panel을 제작하였다. 생체부분 간이식 수술시 환아가 간경변 조직과 공여자의 정상 간조직을 얻은 후 각각의 조직으로부터 RNA를 분리한 후 역전사하여 cDNA를 얻었다.rendom primed DNA labelling방법을 이용하여 방사능 동위원소를 붙임으로써 방사능 표지된 cDNA probe를 만들었다.membrane을 30분간 prehybridization 시킨 후 1시간 동안 hybridization 시켰다.reverse dot hybridization 결과 담도 폐쇄성 간경변 조직과 정상 간 조직에서 차이나는 클론을 확인하고 해당 클론의 핵산 염기서열을 분석하였다.그 결과를 BLAST를 이용하여 GenBank의 database와 비교 검색함으로써 선택된 클론이 기존의 어느 유전자와 상동성을 가지는지 확인하였다. 결과:담도 폐쇄성 간경병 조직에서 발현이 증가한 유전자는 26종으로서 bcl-w,laminin binding protein, hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate(HRS), tymosin β-4,10,transforming growth factor(TGF)-β, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase(TIMP)-1,signal recognition particle(SRP)4, eukaryotic initiation factor(eIF)-2 α kinase,lysyl oxidase, aldolase A, γ-glutamylcystein synthetase,collagen typeⅠ α1,2,collagen typeⅢ, fibronectin, osteonetin, insulin-like growth factor binding protein(IGFBP)2,3 등이었다.담도 폐쇄성 간경변 조직에서 발현이 감소한 유전자는 gastrula zinc finger protein과 novel gene:K0059 이었다. 결론:이 연구는 담도 폐쇄증과 간섬유화의 특이유전자 규명으로 담도 폐쇄증과 간섬유화의 원인규명에 기여하고 질환의 조기 발견과 간경화의 치료와 예방 물질의 개발을 위한 기초 자료가 될 것으로 생각한다. Purpose: Extrahepatic biliary atresia is the most common indication for liver transplantation in children. Serveral studies have been explain the destructive, inflammatory process leading to fibrosis and obliteration of the biliary tract, but the etiology of this disorders remains unknown. It would be very significant to identify genes that are specifically expressed in pathologic liver tissue of biliary atresia and analyze the pattern of expression in those genes. Method: We made dot blot panels consisting of 1,730 different EST(expressed sequence tags) clones which were isolated from human hair dermal papilla cell cDNA library.Liver tissues were taken from a recipient with biliary atresia and a normal donor during living-related liver transplantation.Total RNA was extracted from each sample and reversely transcribed to make cDNA. Then radioablelled cDNA probe pools were made by random primed DNA labeing method and used for screening differentially expressed genes using EST dot blot panel. Results: Among the total of 1,730 EST clones, 26 cDNA clones were overexpressed in biliary cirrhosis.They revealed homology to genes encoding bcl-w, laminin binding protein, hepatocyte growth factor-regulatef tyrosine kinase substrate(HRS),thymosin β-4, 10; transforming growth factor(TGF)-β, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase(TIMP)-1, signal recognition particle(SRP)4, eukaryotic initiation factor(eIF)-2αkinase, lysyl oxidase, aldoase A, γ-glutamylcystein synthetase, collagen typeⅠα1,2,collagen typeⅢ,fibronectin,osteonectin,insulin-like growth factor binding protein(IGFBP)-2,3,and more. In addition, the expression of 2 clones ahowed that gastrula zinc finger protein and one novel gene were decreased in biliary atresia. Conclusions: This study identified differential EST screening technique.We believe this studt could lead to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of biliary atresia and hepatic fibrosis.(J Korean Pediatr Soc 1999;42:1-10)

반건식-백필터에 의한 소각배가스 중의 HCI, SOx 제거 (Ⅱ)

배병훈,신남철,조정구,문종익,임경택 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1998 硏究報告 Vol.21 No.2

A combination of process modification and various additives to a lime-based spray-dryer/fabric-filter system was evaluated for its value in promoting sorbent utilization and simultaneous removal of HC1 and SO₂ from waste incineration flue gas. The variety of operating conditions were tested to evaluate important factors such as spray drying reactor(SDR) outlet temperature, retention time, molar equivalence ratio( MER ), fabric filter velocity, etc. For the sorbent activity enhancement, additives such as KmnO₄, NaOH, NaHCO₃, CaCl₂, a mixture of NaOH and CaCl₂ were added to Ca(OH)₂ at optimum operating condition. The mixture of NaOH and CaCl₂ ( 2 : 1 by weight ) was found to be the best economic additive. When that additive, 10% of Ca(OH)₂ by weight, was added, under the condition of Ca(OH)₂ of MER 1.0, HCl/SO₂ removal efficiencies at fabric filter were 98.3% and 97.1%, respectively.

공초점레이저주사현미경을 이용한 심미수복재와 상아질의 접착계면에 관한 연구

박병철,조영곤,문주훈 대한치과보존학회 2000 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.25 No.3

The purpose of this study was to evaluate on the interfacial morphology between dentin and restorative materials. In this in vitro study. the cavity wall reiterated with 3 different kinds of tooth colored restorative materials [resin-modified Glass monomer cement (Fuji Ⅱ LC) , composite resin (Z-100) , composer (Dyract)] . The thirty extracted human molar teeth without caries and/or restorations are used. The experimental teeth were randomly divided into three groups of ten teeth each. In each group, Wedge shaped cavities (width: 3mm. length: 2mm, depth: 1.5mm) were prepared at the cementoenamel junction on buccal and lingual surfaces. The adhesive of composite resin were mixed with rhodamine B. Primer of composite resin, Prime & Bond 2.1 of Dyract and liquid of Fuji Ⅱ LC were mixed with fluorescein. In group 1, the cavity wall was treatment with dentin conditioner, and then reiterated with Fuji Ⅱ LC. In group 2, the cavity wall was treatment with Prime & Bond 2.1 and then reiterated with Dyract. In group 3, the cavity wall was etching with 10% maleic acid, applied with primer and bonding agent and then reiterated with Z-100. The interface between dentin and restorative materials was observed by fluoresence imaging with a confocal laser scanning microscope. The results were as follows : 1.In Glass ionomer group, adaptation of resin modified Glass-ionomer restoration against cavity wall is tight, but the crack formed inside of restoration were observed. 2.In Dyract group, the penetration of resin tag is shorter and the width of hybrid layer is narrower than composite resin group. 3.In Z-100 group, primer penetrated deeply through dentinal tubule, Also bonding agent was penetrated along the primer, but the penetration length is shoater than primer part, and in 3-D image. the resin tag is conical shape and lateral branch is observed.