고로에의 환원성 가스 흡입기술현황

이창희 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1978 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.16 No.2

승선공인을 받지 않은 선장의 지위와 책임에 관한 연구

이창희,정대득 한국해사법학회 2019 해사법연구 Vol.31 No.2

The Korean Maritime Safety Tribunal(hereafter "KMST") judged that a skipper must not perform his duties when he boarded the ship without official approval even if he holds the relevant certificate of competency. Therefore the KMST also judged that the ship is operated by an unqualified seafarer if the ship is maneuvered by a skipper who boarded the ship without official approval. But even if the KMST judged that the skipper is unqualified, they imposed administrative punishment on the certificates of competency for skippers. But in several similar cases, some local Maritime Safety Tribunal did not impose administrative punishment on the skipper's certificate of competency, and they just impose recommendations upon the skipper. And also there is arguments on the cases which the guilty skipper possess the certificates of competency for “operators of small ships” and the certificates of competency for “6th class mates” and the KMST imposed administrative punishment on all the certificates of competency. Though there is necessity for such administrative measure, but as there is no legal basis on that, it should to be authorized by legislation. This paper reviewed concerning laws and regulations, and understand that if the skipper holds the relevant certificate of competency and had performed his duties, the KMST must admit that he is the skipper of the ship and impose administrative punishment on the certificates of competency, even if he boarded the ship without official approval 그동안 해양안전심판원에서는 비록 유효한 해기사 면허를 소지하였다고 할지라도 「선원법」에따라 “승선공인을 받지 않은 어선 등의 선장은 해당 선박직원의 직무를 수행하여서는 아니 된다”는 태도를 견지해 왔다. 따라서 해양안전심판원은 유효한 면허가 있더라도 승선공인을 받지 않고 사고 선박에서 선장 직무를 수행하던 자를 “무자격 선원”으로 보고 “사고 당시 이 선박은 무자격자에 의해 운항되었다”고 판단하였다. 그럼에도 불구하고 선장 직무를 수행하던 자가 소지한 해기사 면허에 대하여 업무정지 등의 행정처분을 한 경우와 해기사 면허에 대한 행정처분을 하지 않고 단지 개선을 권고하는 재결을 한 경우로 나누어져 문제가 되었다. 특히 승선공인은 받지 않았으나 해양사고관련자가 소형선박 조종사 면허를 행사하여 소형선박 선장의 직무를 수행하던 중 항해과실로 해양사고를 야기한 경우, 해양사고관련자가 가진 6급 항해사 면허에도 행정처분을 한 사례가 있어 논란을 일으켰다. 이러한 복수의 면허에 대한 행정처분은 그 필요성이 인정되기도 하나 법률적 근거가 없으므로 이에 대한 대책이 필요하다. 또한 관련 규정들과 법원의 태도 등을 고려할 때 비록 승선공인이 이루어지지 않았더라도 그가 유효한 면허를 소지하고 실질적으로 선장의 직무를 수행하고 있었다면 선장으로서의 지위를 인정하고, 그 책임을 물어 해당 면허에 대한 행정처분을 내리는 것이 타당할 것으로 보인다.

식품첨가물중 보존료와 산화방지제의 사용실태조사

이창희,박성관,박재석,박경진,이종옥 한국식품과학회 1999 한국식품과학회 학술대회 Vol.1999 No.1

상선 예비사관들의 지휘통솔력 개발 ·육성을 위한 제안

이창희 木浦海洋大學校 1998 論文集 Vol.6 No.1

The leadership of the on-board officers is very important fact for the production of a ship. But recently, the traditional leadership which was effective in the past is no longer in effect. And also, many accidents and losses are caused by the lack of proper leadership of on-board officers. At ship, the proper leadership is very important in any reasons and on-board officers agreed that it is necessary to improve and upbringing the leadership for the merchant marine officer's trainees. Therefore, the education and training of leadership is to be carried out to the merchant marine officer's trainees.

성별 승선 실습생 인권 통계 분석과 시사점

이창희,박성호,임상섭,김종관,정선근,박준모,박상익,김종엽 해양환경안전학회 2023 해양환경안전학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2023 No.04

The Backgrounds of James Joyce's novels : Literature,Homeland Myth를 중심으로

이창희 신한영미어문학회 1994 새한영어영문학 Vol.31 No.-

The purpose of this article is to understand The Backgrouds in the frame work of views of literature, homeland, and myth in James Joyce's novels The alienation of the artist was a commonplace of twentieth century thought, Joyce's alienation was both a personal need and a creative necessity. What hold the stories together are common backgound, the same theme, and the consistent structure. Each stories of Joyce is proceeding to ward the moral, spiritual revelation, the moment of epiphamy, circular movement is one of the most characteristic actions which shows their inability. More than any other writer from any time, Joyce exerts both a conscious and unconscious influence. The most famous of the devices of Joyce, the internal monologue, consciousnes and unconsciousness were also the result of earlier experiments. Bloom and Stephen came from opposite ends of his mind and eife, but there were necessarily many resemblances, which Joyce emphasized and fusified by making the older man like a father to Stephen. The deeper problem of "Circe" was to relate Bloom and Stephen of the unconscious level, to justify the father-son theme that Joyce had made central in his book. Bloom's common sense joins Stephen's acute intelligence. And Bloom is cuckold while Blazed Boylan is the loud-mouthed adulterer ; but we spend most of the book inside Bloom's consciousness. Bloom dissented tacitly form Stephen's views on the eternal affirmation of the spirit of man in literature. But Joyce brings about the mental purgation of Gabriel, Bloom, and Stephen at the end of the episode. Joyce made Stephen Dedulus emphasize in Ulysses that the artist and his life are not episode. Joyce made Stephen Dedalus emphasize in Ulysses that the artist and his life are not distinct. Irishmen are gifted with more eccentricities than Americans and Englishmen. to be average in Ireland is to be eccentric. Joyce knew this, and moreover he believed that everyhuman soul was unique. Bloom is unusual in his tastes in food, in his sexual conduct, in most of his interests. A critic has complained that Bloom has no normal tastes. Another formative element in Joyce, the couterpiont of myth and fact, was begun when Joyce first evolved the name and character of Stephen Dedalus. Joyce constantly compares his characters to Biblical onesJoyce knew his modern. Ulysses most go through Dublin in a series of episodes like those of the Olyssey. In Ulysses Joyce uses not only the Homeric and post-Homeric legend, but a variety of other identifications. Stephen is not only Daedalus but Icarus, Hamlet, Shakespeare, Lucifer. For Joyce no other things are more precious than art. He is indeed the indifferent artist who has wanted to be immersed in the beautiful and true world composed of human emotion.

How to manage Cadiogenic Shock with CAD : 관상동맥 질환 환자에서의 ECMO사례

이창희,임세영,김정환,정동채,고승일,박영배,함동훈 대한인터벤션영상기술학회 2008 대한인터벤션영상기술학회지 Vol.11 No.1

두개저에 발생한 연골점액유사섬유종 1예

이창희,홍상덕 대한두개저학회 2022 대한두개저학회지 Vol.17 No.1

Chondromyxoid fibroma (CMF) is a rare benign cartilaginous tumor that usually arises from metaphysis of the long bone of the lower extremities. Only 1%-5% of CMF occurs in the head and neck and few cases of sinonasal CMF have been reported. Because sinonasal CMF and chondrosarcoma have common radiologic and pathologic feature, it is difficult to distinguish from chondrosarcoma. However fast and accurate diagnosis is important because mortality of chondrosarcoma is nearly 50%. This report describes one case of skullbase CMF attached to posterior septum and rostrum of sphenoid bone, mimicking chondrosarcoma in radiologic findings. We tried to share diagnostic and therapeutic process of skullbase CMF which occurred in unusual location, and elaborate differentiating points of cartilage neoplasms in the nasal cavity which have completely different prognosis.

미등록특허권 침해에 따르는 손해배상금의 과세

이창희,양한희 한국세법학회 2019 조세법연구 Vol.25 No.3

This paper analyses the source rule for royalty income paid by a Korean resident or domestic corporation for the use or infringement of patents that are not registered in Korea under the Corporation Tax Act and the Korea-U.S Tax Treaty. A series of Supreme Court rulings reduces the royalty source rule to the “territorial principle" of patent law, and reaches the conclusion that royalty income is sourced where the patent is registered. An unbiased examination of the language of the laws suggests that the ‘place of use' is the only significant factor in determining the source of the royalty income and the ‘place of use’ does not mean the place where the patents have been registered. To the extent the place of use is a pure tax issue, it must be interpreted in the context of tax law, not patent law. It should mean the place where products are manufactured using the underlying technology covered by the patent. The expression of the ‘place of use’ language originated from U.S. domestic law, and U.S. courts and commentators so interpret the term. More importantly, the payment in question results from civil law relation, i.e., either from a license agreement or an indemnification for damages. It is not a consequence of the patent law. As long as Korean contract law and tort law recognize the rights and obligations to pay and receive the payment for the use of the patent, the rights to use and the obligations arising from the use exists in Korea, regardless of registration in Korea. Lastly, the Korean Corporate Tax Act specifically defines the ‘place of use’ as follows:“rights that require registration for its exercise, such as patent rights, …shall be deemed used in the Republic of Korea irrespective whether they were registered in the Republic of Korea, if the relevant patent etc., that were registered overseas have been used for manufacture, sale, etc., in the Republic of Korea”. Article 2 of the Korea-U.S Tax treaty provides that a “term used in (the) Convention and not defined…shal…have the meaning which it has under” Korean law, the new amendment must govern the interpretation of the ‘place of use’ under the Korea-U.S. treaty. 이 글은 외국법인이나 비거주자가 외국에서만 등록하거나 출원한 특허권에 대하여 거주자나 내국법인이 지급하는 사용료 소득의 원천에 관한 국내법 및 조세조약 규정의 해석을 다루고 있다. 이 문제에 관한 대법원의 일련의 판결들은 특허권 속지주의에 입각하여 관련 규정들을 해석하고 있지만 특허권 속지주의라는 선입견에서 벗어나 미국조약 제6조 (3)항의 글귀를 살펴보면 사용료소득의 원천은 재산의 존재장소가 아니라 사용장소 또는 사용할 권리의 존재장소를 물어 정하여야 함을 알 수 있다. 법인세법이나 미국조약에서 특허권의 사용장소라는 개념은 특허법과는 다른 문제이다. 특허속지주의란 특허법의 범위 안에서만 통하는 것이고, 그대로 세법이나 다른 법률의 영역으로 연장되는 개념이 아니다. 세법이 말하는 사용장소란 특허권의 등록지가 아니라 특허기술의 사용장소 내지 특허제품의 제조장소이다. 적어도 미국은 그렇게 해석하고 있다. 나아가 미등록특허권이든 우리나라에 등록한 특허권이든 사용대가나 침해대가를 받을 권리란 특허법의 효력으로 생기는 것이 아니고 실시권 계약이나 불법행위의 효과라는 민사법 개념일 뿐이다. 특허권을 사용할 권리와 특허권의 사용대가가 국내에 있는가라는 판단은 우리 법원이 이 권리의무를 존중하는가라는 판단이다. 우리 국내에서 민사법적 보호를 하는 이상 그런 권리의무는 당연히 우리 국내에 존재한다. 또한 법인세법 제98조 제8호의 조문구조, 즉 사용료소득의 원천을 정하는 기준으로서 사용장소 기준과 지급자기준을 병용하는 구조상 세법상 사용장소의 해석에서 특허속지주의란 설 여지가 없다. 지급자 기준, 곧 지급자가 거주자나 내국법인인 사용료는 모두 국내원천소득이라는 말은 특허의 등록지가 어디인가를 묻지 않는다. 미등록특허라는 이유로 원천이 국외라고 보는 것은 법의 글귀에 어긋나는 것이다. 마지막으로, 국내에서 제조판매 등에 사용된 경우에는 미등록특허의 사용료도 국내원천소득이라는 법인세법 제98조 제8호 단서는 미국조약 제6조(소득의 원천) 제(4)항(사용료 소득의 원천)의 사용장소의 해석에서 미국조약 제2조에서 말하는 ‘그 조세가 결정되는 체약국의 법에 따라 내포하는 의미’로서 작용하거나 미국조약에 대한 특별법의 지위에 있다. 따라서 미국조약의 사용장소를 해석할 때 구속되어 적용된다.

建築生産에 따른 社會的 問題點의 實態硏究

이창희,이두진 경운대학교 산업기술연구소 2000 産業技術硏究論文誌 Vol.3 No.1(B)

Owners, designers, and contractors are understood in general as three main constituents of the building construction. The present-day building contractors are understood to be profits-seeking neglecting due procedures. Unfair building administration traits might be added to the three elements stated above causing to various social problems. In this paper, the author analized newspaper reports(from the latter part of year 1991 to the early 1997) related to building construction problems in the course of (as well as after completion of) buildings in nine months duration.