서양뒤영벌 야외개체군에서 Real-Time PCR을 이용한 Nosema ceranae의 검출

이대원,Lee, Dae-Weon 한국미생물학회 2013 미생물학회지 Vol.49 No.3

The bumblebee, Bombus terrestris, has played an important role as one of the alternative pollinators since the outbreak of honeybee collapse disorder. Recently, pathogens and parasites such as viruses, bacteria and mites, which affect the life span and fecundity of their host, have been discovered in B. terristris. In order to detect the microsporidian pathogen, Nosema spp. in the field populations of B. terristris, we collected adults and isolated their genomic DNA for diagnostic PCR. The PCR primers specific for Nosema spp. were newly designed and applied to gene amplification for cloning. Only small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene of N. ceranae was successfully amplified among examined genes and sequenced, which indicates that N. ceranae mainly infects the examined field population of B. terristris. To detect of SSU rRNA gene, two regions of SSU rRNA gene were selected by primary PCR analysis and further analyzed in quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated that SSU rRNA of N. ceranae was detected at concentration as low as $0.85ng/{\mu}l$ genomic DNA. This result suggests that the detection via qRT-PCR can be applied for the rapid and sensitive diagnosis of N. ceranae infection in the field population as well as risk assessment of B. terristris. 서양뒤영벌(Bombus terrestris)은 꿀벌의 봉군붕괴증후군(colony collapse disorder)에 대한 대체 화분매개곤충으로서 농업분야에서 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 최근 서양뒤영벌에서 바이러스, 세균, 응애 등의 여러 병원체와 기생체가 발견되었고, 이들은 서양뒤영벌의 수명과 생식력 등에 영향을 주는 것이 알려져 있다. 서양뒤영벌 야외개체군에서 Nosema spp.를 탐지하기 위해, 서양뒤영벌 성충으로부터 genomic DNA를 추출하여 Nosema spp. 유전자들에 대해 polymerase chain reaction (PCR)을 수행하였다. 이들 유전자 중에서 small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) 유전자만이 증폭되었고, 염기서열분석을 통해 N. ceranae로 확인된 것은 조사된 야외개체군에서 N. ceranae가 서양뒤영벌의 주된 감염체임을 보여준다. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR)을 이용하여 SSU rRNA 유전자를 탐지하기 위해, 먼저 PCR을 통해 SSU rRNA 유전자의 2개 영역에 대한 유전자 특이적 증폭을 확인하였다. qRT-PCR을 이용하여 각 개체에서 얻은 genomic DNA의 순차적인 농도희석를 통해 $0.85ng/{\mu}l$ 이하의 genomic DNA 농도에서도 SSU rRNA 유전자가 성공적으로 증폭되는 것이 확인되었다. 이러한 실험 결과, qRT-PCR를 이용한 N. ceranae 특이 유전자 증폭은 서양뒤영벌의 병원체 감염 진단 뿐만 아니라 생태계 위해성 평가에도 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

저잡음/고안정 임피던스정합법에 의한 Ku-Band Multistage Amplifier의 설계

이대원,이강훈(Kang-Hun Lee),이영철(Young-Chul Rhee) 한국통신학회 2002 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2002 No.7

멀티에이전트 환경에서 결함 포용 정보의 쓰레기 처리 기법

이대원,정광식,이화민,신상철,이영준,유헌창,이원규 한국정보과학회 2004 정보과학회논문지 : 시스템 및 이론 Vol.31 No.3

분산 시스템에서는 단일 시스템보다 높은 결함 발생 확률을 가지기에 기존의 맡은 연구에서는 분산 시스템에서 결함 발생에 대한 맡은 결함 포용 기법들이 연구되어 왔다. 하지만 저장된 결함 포용 정보의 증가에 따른 저장 공간의 부족으로 인해 전체 시스템 성능의 저하를 가져오게 하였다. 시스템 성능의 저하를 막기 위하여 불필요한 결함 포용 정보의 삭제가 필요하게 되었고 이 논문에서는 결함 포용 정보의 쓰레기 처리를 위한 방법을 제안한다. 이에 본 논문에서는 결함 포용 정보의 쓰레기 처리를 담당하는 쓰레기 처리 에이전트, 결함 포용 정보를 유지 관리하는 정보 에이전트, 그리고 전체 에이전트간의 통신 기능을 담당하는 조정 에이전트를 정의 및 설계하고, 쓰레기 처리 에이전트를 이용한 쓰레기 처리 알고리즘을 제안한다. 복귀회복 기법은 독립 검사점(independent checkpoint)기법과 송신자 기반 비관적 매시지 로깅(sender based pessimistic message logging)기법을 사용한다. 제안된 쓰레기 처리 기법에서의 쓰레기 처리, 정보, 조정 에이전트는 프로세스와 동시에 생성되며 정보 에이전트에 프로세스에서 발생하는 검사점과 비결정적인 사건들에 대한 로깅 정보들을 영역 지식으로 구축한다. 그리고 쓰레기 처리 에이전트는 쓰레기 처리 시점을 선정하고 정보 에이전트와 조정에이전트의 협력을 통하여 영역 지식에 구축된 불필요한 결함 포용 정보의 쓰레기 처리를 한다. 제안한 에이전트를 이용한 쓰레기 처리기법의 타당성 증명을 위하여 결함을 발생시켜 복귀 회복 후 쓰레기 처리를 하는 시스템과 하지 않는 시스템의 영역지식을 비교하여 같은 결과를 같는지의 여부를 검사한다 Existing distributed systems have higher probability of failures occurrence than stand-alone system, so many fault tolerant techniques have been developed. Because of insufficient storage resulting from the increased fault tolerance information stored, the performance of system has been degraded. To avoid performance degradation, it needs delete useless fault tolerance information. In this paper, we propose a garbage collection algorithm for fault tolerance information. And we define and design the garbage collection agent for garbage collection of fault tolerance information, the information agent for management of fault tolerant data, and the facilitator agent for communication between agents. Also, we propose the garbage collection algorithm using the garbage collection agent. For rollback recovery, we use independent checkpointing protocol and sender based pessimistic message logging protocol. In our proposed garbage collection algorithm, the garbage collection, information, and facilitator agent is created with process, and the information agent constructs domain knowledge with its checkpoints and non-determistic events. And the garbage collection agent decides garbage collection time, and it deletes useless fault tolerance information in cooperation with the information and facilitator agent. For propriety of proposed garbage collection technique using agents, we compare domain knowledge of system that performs garbage collection after rollback recovery and domain knowledge of system that doesn't perform garbage collection.

CA19-9 or CEA Decline after the First Cycle of Treatment Predicts Survival in Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer Patients Treated with S-1 and Cisplatin Chemotherapy

이대원,임석아,김유정,양예원,이지영,나임일,이경훈,김태용,한세원,최인실,오도연,김지현,김태유,방영주 대한암학회 2017 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.49 No.3

Purpose While tumor markers (carbohydrate antigen 19-9 [CA 19-9] and carcinoembryonic antigen [CEA]) can aid in the diagnosis of biliary tract cancer, their prognostic role has not been clearly elucidated. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the prognostic role of tumor markers and tumor marker change in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer. Materials and Methods Patients with pathologically proven metastatic or relapsed biliary tract cancer who were treated in a phase II trial of first-line S-1 and cisplatin chemotherapy were enrolled. Serum tumor markers were measured at baseline and after the first cycle of chemotherapy. Results Among a total of 104 patients, 80 (77%) had elevated baseline tumor markers (69 with CA 19-9 elevation and 40 with CEA). A decline ! 30% of the elevated tumor marker level after the first cycle of chemotherapy conferred an improved time to progression (TTP), overall survival (OS), and better chemotherapy response. Multivariate analysis revealed tumor marker decline as an independent positive prognostic factor of TTP (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.44; p=0.003) and OS (adjusted HR, 0.37; p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed similar results in each group of patients with CA 19-9 elevation and CEA elevation. In addition, elevated baseline CEA was associated with poor survival in both univariate and multivariate analysis. Conclusion Tumor marker decline was associated with improved survival in biliary tract cancer. Measuring tumor marker after the first cycle of chemotherapy can be used as an early assessment of treatment outcome.

플라즈마를 이용한 디젤 PM 저감 기술

이대원 한국공기청정협회 2003 空氣淸淨技術 Vol.16 No.2

Circadian Rhythm Disturbances Due to Exposure to Acidified Conditions and Different Photoperiods in Juvenile Olive Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

이대원,송진아,박흥식,최철영 한국해양과학기술원 2021 Ocean science journal Vol.56 No.2

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is being continuously discharged into the atmosphere and is now at a concentration sufficient to cause ocean acidification. In particular, it has been reported that changes in carbonate concentration in seawater by ocean acidification can inhibit olfactory function and predator avoidance ability in fish and affect their circadian rhythm. However, although increased CO2 concentration in seawater is an important environmental factor affecting fish survival, only a few studies have been conducted to evaluate the effect of CO2 and different photoperiods. Therefore, in this study, we investigated changes in the circadian rhythm of juvenile olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) under different light conditions (12 h ligh:12 h dark; constant dark; constant light) and CO2 exposure levels (pH 8.1, 7.8, and 7.5), by analyzing changes in plasma concentrations of Cryptochrome1 and Period2, which are secreted during the day (light conditions), and melatonin, which is secreted at night (dark conditions). CO2 exposure led to phase shifts (temporarily abolished, phase delayed, or reversed) in the rhythm of juveniles. In conclusion, CO2 exposure, along with changes in photoperiods, increases the disturbance in the circadian rhythm of juvenile P. olivaceus.

포도수확용 로봇 개발을 위한 영상처리시스템

이대원,김현태,이용국,김동우,성시홍 (사) 한국생물환경조절학회 2001 생물환경조절학회지 Vol.10 No.3

A grape fruit is required for a lot of labor to harvest in time in Korea, since the fruit is cut andgrabbed currently by hand. In foreign country, especially France, a grape harvester has been devel-oped for processing to make wine out of a grape, not to eat a fresh grape fruit. However, a harvesterwhich harvests to eat a fresh grape fruit has not been developed yet. Therefore, this study wasdesigned and constructed to develope a image processing system for a fresh grape harvester. Its devel-opment involved the integration of a vision system along with an personal computer and two cam-eras. Grape recognition, which was able to found the accurate cutting position in three dimension bythe end-effector, needed to find out the object from the background by using two different imagesfrom two cameras. Based on the results of this research the following conclusions were made: Themodel grape was located and measured within less than 1,100 mm from camera center, which meanscenter between two cameras. The distance error of the calculated distance had the distance errorwithin 5mm by using model image in the laboratory. The image processing system proved to be a reli-able system for measuring the accurate distance between the camera center and the grape fruit. Also,difference between actual distance and calculated distance was found within 5 mm using stereo visionsystem in the field. Therefore, the image processing system would be mounted on a grape harvester tobe founded to the position of the a grape fruit.

Acaricidal activity of commercialized insecticides against Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari: Ixodidae) nymphs

이대원,장규식,김민준,안용준,조형찬,김순일 한국응용곤충학회 2015 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.18 No.4

The acaricial activity of 13 commercialized insecticides in Korea against the hard tick nymphs Haemaphysalis longicornis collected in a field was tested using nymph dipping and folded filter paper methods and a spraying-residual assay. In a nymph dipping bioassay, 100% mortality at all tested doses was observed in insecticides containing active ingredients such as phthalthrin 8% + D-phenothrin 2% + piperonyl butoxide 20%, deltamethrin 1.5%, pyrethrum 0.5%, lambda-cyhalothrin 5.5%, alpha-cypermethrin 10% and teflubenzuron 50%, whereas the insecticide containing etofenprox 5% + octachlorodipropyl ether 11% at recommended dose (RD) and 0.5 times RD showed 97 and 90% activity, respectively. Other insecticides containing alpha-cypermethrin 5%, polyoxyethylene isostearylether 10%, etofenprox 5%, bistrifluron 10% and Bti did not showany significant activity. In the folded filter paper contact testwith nymph H. longicornis at RD, polyoxyethylene isostearylether 10%, deltamethrin 1.5% and alpha-cypermethrin 10% showed 100% mortality at 1 day after treatment (DAT). At 7 DAT, polyoxyethylene isostearylether 10%, deltamethrin 1.5% and lambda-cyhalothrin 5.5% exhibited 100, 93 and 87% mortality. Although the selected 5 insecticides showed strong mortality under laboratory conditions, their residual effect sprayed on field grown lawn leaves significantly decreased depending on DAT. Etofenprox 5% mixture (+octachlorodipropyl ether 11%) only showed 93 and 80% mortality at 1 and 2 DAT, respectively. Polyoxyethylene isostearylether 10% gave 0% mortality at even 1 DAT and the other insecticides also showed 60–70% mortality at 1 DAT. These results indicate that pyrethroid insecticides gave good activity against the H. longicornis nymphs but their residual effect is within 1 DAT under field conditions.

젖소 체중측정을 위한 영상처리 시스템

이대원,김현태 한국축산환경학회 2001 축산시설환경학회지 Vol.7 No.3

본 연구는 영상처리를 통한 보다 간편하고 정확한 젖소의 체중측정을 위해 수행되었다. 카메라와 개인용 컴퓨터를 이용하여 젖소의 영상을 받은 후 이의 화소 값들을 이용하였으며, 또한 여러 가지 방법으로 체중과의 관계를 회귀분석 방법을 하였다. 1. 본 실험의 결과 다중회귀식에 의한 계산체중, 화소표면적, 부피와 체증과의 상관계수는 각각 0.9424, 0.9439, 0.9651로 나타났으며, 젖소의 체중과 상관관계도가 높았다. 2. 실험에 이용된 젖소의 개체수를 50두이었지만, 각각 상태별 체형의 차이고 인하여 일관된 회귀식을 적용하기에는 정확도 문제에서 다소 문제가 있었다. 그래서 각 개체군으로 나누어서 연구할 필요가 있을 것으로 판단되었다. 3. 젖소의 체중 계측시간은 10초에 불과하지만 실험장치까지의 유도과정은 편균 한 마리에 10분 정도가 소요되었다. The objective of this research was to design and construct an image processing system to measure easily and accurately cow's weight. The image processing system was built for a dairy cattle to be measured and estimated it's weight using camera and personal computer. The pixel numbers, which was derived from the image processing system, were counted to estimate the weight of a dairy cattle. They were utilized various was for finding the relationships between pixel numbers and it's real weight. Based on the results of this research the following conclusions were made: 1. It's weight could be estimated by using pixel numbers, which was captured from top and side cameras to measure it. The correlations with tea-view pixel numbers, side-view pixel numbers, superficial area pixel numbers and the volume pixel numbers were 0.909, 0.939, 0.944 and 0.965. 2. 50 cattle was used to execute an experiment with the image processing system, but average errors were big to make out the good relationship between cow's weight and pixel numbers. In order measure accurately a cattle weight, cattle weight, cattle groups would be divided by the age of cattle and further study should be carried out to be based on the results of this research. 3. The average time it took to perform the image processing to be measure it was 10 seconds, but it took 10 minutes for cattle to enter for measuring it's weight into the weighting system.

웹사이트 통합 개편 프로젝트

이대원 (사)한국인터넷전문가협회 2014 Web Korea Annual Vol.2014 No.-