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신경병증 통증모델에서 선택적 무스카린성 수용체 억제제가 항이질통작용에 미치는 효과
황재현,황규삼,심홍락 대한마취과학회 1998 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.34 No.6
Background : Peripheral nerve injury may produce a syndrome consisting of spontaneous pain, allodynia and hyperpathia. In previous study, we examined the antiallodynic action produced by intrathecal(i.t.) cholinesterase inhibitors(ChEi) in a neuropathic pain rat model and the reversal of antiallodynic state by i.t. atropine, muscarinic antagonist, but not by nicotinic antagonist mecamylamine. The purpose of this study was to determine the selective antagonistic action of four subtypes of muscarinic receptor on antiallodynic state by i.t. ChEi in a rat model of neuropathic pain. Methods: Sprague Dawley rats were prepared with tight ligation of left L5/L6 spinal nerves with 6-0 black silk and chronic lumbar intrathecal catheters. After obtaining the baseline hindpaw withdrawal scores, edrophonium(100 g) or neostigmine(10 g) was administered intrathecally. Tactile allodynia was measured using von Frey filaments and allodynic threshold was calculated by the up-down method. Allodynic changes were tested at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120 and 180 minutes. To examine the reversal of antiallodynia and to compare the antagonizing action of antiallodynic state produced by i.t. administration of ChEi, non-selective muscarinic receptor antagonists atropine(10 g), M1 antagonist pirenzepine(3 g), M2 antagonist methoctramine(3 g), M3 antagonist 4-DAMP(3 g) and M4 antagonist tropicamide(3 g) were injected intrathecally respectively 5 minutes prior to the injection of edrophonium or neostigmine. Results : Antiallodynia produced by i.t. edrophonium was reversed by pretreatment with i.t. methoctramine, 4-DAMP, tropicamide and pirenzepine(P<0.05). On the contrary, antiallodynic state made by i.t. neostigmine was not antagonized by methoctramine, 4-DAMP and tropicamide. M1 antagonist pirenzepine had a moderate, statistically significant(P<0.05) effect on reversal of increased allodynic threshold while atropine showed a complete antagonism. Conclusions : These experiments suggest that antialllodynic action of cholinesterase inhibirs is likely due to mediation of spinal muscarinic system and M1 receptor subtype is more likely involved in this mechanism. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1998; 34: 1104∼1112)
황재현 안동대학교 농업개발원 2001 最高農業經營者課程 論文集 Vol.5 No.-
아직까지 M9묘목을 이용한 키낮은 사과원 재배 시스템이 많이 보급된 상황은 아니지만 5년이내 많은 면적이 보급될 것으로 생각된다. 위에서 기술한 시비기술 내용은 현재 이태리에서 실시하고 있는 기술이며, 앞으로 봉화지역의 새로운 재배 시스템이 본격적으로 보급되면 본 시비기술 내용을 많은 참고로 하여 시비전 토양, 엽, 과실, 등 시료분석을 통한 시비기준 체계를 설정해야 할 것이라고 생각한다.
황재현 동국대학교 사회과학연구원 2007 사회과학연구 Vol.14 No.1
1990년대 한국농업은 UR농업협상의 타결로 인해 농산물시장을 개방해 왔다. 그와 동시에 한국의 농촌은 급속한 고령화를 경험하고 있다. 현재 한국정부는 WTO농업협상과 한미FTA협상을 동시에 추진하고 있으며, 그로 인하여 한국의 농업정책은 패러다임의 전환기를 맞이하고 있다. 한국 농업정책의 전환방향은 시장지향적인 구조개선의 추진, 친환경·고품질농업의 추진, 농촌지역개발로 요약할 수 있고, 이와 같은 정책을 직접지불제도로 지원하는 시스템을 구축하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 WTO농업협상의 대책으로 도입된 직접지불제를 중심으로 한국농업정책의 전환방향과 과제에 대해 검토하기로 한다. In the 1990s, Korean agricultural market has been opened by an agreement of UR Agricultural Negotiation. The Korean Government is pushing for WTO Agricultural Negotiation and Korea US FTA. Because of this, Korean agricultural policy has received a paradigm's transition. A direction of Korea’s agricultural policy of change has been summarized into pushing for a market‐oriented structure improvement, pushing for an environmental friendly agriculture and high quality products of agriculture, and a rural community development. The Korean government builds system for support these kinds of policy with Direct Payment. This paper examines a direction of Korea’s agricultural policy of change and a problem centering on Direct Payment which has been introduced as a countermeasure of the WTO Agricultural Negotiation.
황재현 대한마취과학회 1992 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.25 No.1
The tourniquet is usually applied for the orthopedic surgeries on the lower extemity to obtain the bloodless surgical field and to reduce blood loss.However, there are various complications such as nerve and tissue damage from compression, hemodynamic changes, and metabolic changes from ischemia after applieation of the tourniquet. Release of the tourniquet with reperfusion of the lower limb results in transient core body temperature change and other important hemodynamic, respiratory, and metabolic changes. I observed the mild core temperature drop following the release of the tourniquet at the surgical procedure of the lower extremity during inhalation anesthesia. The results were as follows ; The mean drop in temperature of 0.5 ℃(about 11.9 min ; mean) was observed following the tourniquet release. Compared with the baseline value, the decreases in temperature at 8, 10 and 15 min, were statistically significant. There was significant correlation between the duration of tourniquet application and temperatre drop (r= 0.293).