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袁枚의 시인으로서의 창작행위와 자아인식 ― ≪小倉山房詩集≫을 중심으로 ―
홍혜진 영남중국어문학회 2024 중국어문학 Vol.- No.95
After resigning, Yuanmei began living in Suwon in earnest and devoted a lot of time to write poems. The ultimate purpose was to realize ‘rising in the world and gaining fame(立身揚名)’ and make his name known to future generations, the other was to make a living through economic income generation. While faithfully fulfilling these practical purposes, he wrote about 4,500 poems in the ≪Xiaocangshanfangshiji 小倉山房詩集≫ 37 volumes and ≪Buyi 補遺≫ 2 volumes. The collection of poems reflected his life of over 60 years between the ages of 21 and 82. He reflected the whole story of his life as a poet into his work. In particular, after resignation, he greatly emphasized his agony and passion as a poet. He described in detail the pain of creation, how to write a poem, and the publication of poetry based on his experience. He also delicately expressed the daily life of a poet who lived by working on his creation every moment. During these 60 years, he did not give up his passion for creation and grew into a poet representing the Qing Dynasty. Poetry was the driving force of his life. He established his own self-awareness and increased his existential value, in addition, it was possible to build an independent world of its own by writing a poem.
홍혜진,서채원,Eun Namgung,하은지,이수지,김래영,송유미,오소현,In Kyoon Lyoo,Hyeonseok Jeong,윤수정 한국뇌신경과학회 2023 Experimental Neurobiology Vol.32 No.2
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic neuropathic pain disorder. Pain catastrophizing, characterized by magnification, rumination,and helplessness, increases perceived pain intensity and mental distress in CRPS patients. As functional connectivity patterns in CRPS remainlargely unknown, we aimed to investigate functional connectivity alterations in CRPS patients and their association with pain catastrophizing usinga whole-brain analysis approach. Twenty-one patients with CRPS and 49 healthy controls were included in the study for clinical assessment andresting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Between-group differences in whole-brain functional connectivity were examined througha Network-based Statistics analysis. Associations between altered functional connectivity and the extent of pain catastrophizing were also assessedin CRPS patients. Relative to healthy controls, CRPS patients showed higher levels of functional connectivity in the bilateral somatosensory subnetworks(components 1~2), but lower functional connectivity within the prefronto-posterior cingulate (component 3), prefrontal (component 4),prefronto-parietal (component 5), and thalamo-anterior cingulate (component 6) subnetworks (p<0.05, family-wise error corrected). Higher levelsof functional connectivity in components 1~2 (β=0.45, p=0.04) and lower levels of functional connectivity in components 3~6 (β=-0.49, p=0.047)were significantly correlated with higher levels of pain catastrophizing in CRPS patients. Higher functional connectivity in the somatosensorysubnetworks implicating exaggerated pain perception and lower functional connectivity in the prefronto-parieto-cingulo-thalamic subnetworksindicating impaired cognitive-affective pain processing may underlie pain catastrophizing in CRPS.
홍혜진 한국중국학회 2022 중국학보 Vol.101 No.-
This paper is the Study on XiaoChangShanFangChidu(小倉山房尺牘) that is a collection of letters written by Yuanmei(袁枚) in Qing Dynasty. The book was edited by his student Hongxiyu(洪錫豫) when Yuanmei was alive. It consists of 10 volumes and Jibu(輯補), and contains about 244 letters. Yuanmei referred to Chidu(尺牘) as the Guwen(古文)'s saliva left. This is because ‘Kuanshiyanwen(詩寬文嚴)' was regarded as an important standard of criticism. Although Yuanmei had a clear perception of Guwen and emphasized its unique characteristics, but he was not solely devoted to Guwen. Chidu was an important means of communication and selling of writing for Yuanmei, who was engaged in literary activities against the backdrop of Jiangnan(江南) City. Because he was a former official and a full-time writer, the characteristics that focused on practical functions were prominent in his Chidu. Based on his own ‘Tianxing(天性)’ and ‘Xingqing(性情)’ that was distinct from others, he trid to ‘reveal himsel(著我)’ with his ‘outspoken remarks’(不憚). In this self-centered attitude, he expanded the relationship by sharing contents such as revitalizing the elegant literary culture, recommending talent, advising bureaucrats, presenting opinions on political, moral, and ideological standards, presenting standards for writing poetry, eradicating ills in literature, complaining as a writer, publishing and promoting books. Therefore, this paper grasped the substance of the discourse he led through the analysis of XiaoChangShanFangChidu , and was able to confirm the factors that would have affected to the formation of the Xinglingshipai(性靈詩派) community by expanding his influence as a political helper in the local government and a famous writer in the publishing market. 본고는 청대 원매의 편지글 모음집인 <<小倉山房尺牘>>에 관한 연구이다. 이 책은 원매의 생존 당시 제자로 있었던 洪錫豫가 편집한 것으로 모두 10권과 輯補로 이뤄졌으며 약 244편의 글이 실려 있다. 원매는 척독을 가리켜 고문의 ‘침 여분(唾餘)’이라고 보았는데 ‘詩寬文嚴’을 중요한 비평 기준으로 삼았기 때문이다. 원매가 고문에 대한 명확한 인식을 갖고 그 고유한 특징을 강조하였지만 오로지 고문에 매진했던 것은 아니다. 척독은 강남도시를 배경으로 문필활동을 벌였던 원매에게는 중요한 소통의 수단이자 매문의 수단이었다. 원매가 전직관료이자 전업작가로 활동하였기 때문에 그의 척독에는 실용적 기능에 중점을 둔 특징들이 두드러졌다. 원매는 다른 사람과 구별되는 본인 고유의 ‘천성(天性)’과 ‘성정(性情)’에 기반 하여 ‘거리낌 없는(不憚)’ 발언으로 ‘자신을 드러내고자(著我)’ 하였다. 이러한 주체적인 태도 속에서 원매는 풍류문화를 활성화, 인재추천, 관료에 대한 조언, 시문 글쓰기의 기준제시, 문단의 병폐 척결, 전업작가로서의 고충 토로, 서적 출판과 홍보를 통해 교유관계를 확장하며 정치적 조력자이자 대문인으로 활약하였다. 따라서 본고는 <<小倉山房尺牘>>을 통해 원매가 주도했던 담론의 실체를 파악하고 재야의 지식인으로서 출판시장의 유명 작가로서 활동하며 성령시파라는 문인공동체의 저변 형성에 영향을 주었을 요인에 대해 확인할 수 있었다.
Enzymatic hydrolysis of casein to improve bioavailability of cacium(Ca) and magnesium(Mg)
홍혜진,박인수,류태공,류정호,김병규,정강섭 한국공업화학회 2014 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2014 No.1
Mineral supplements are required to be soluble as their bioavailability is highly correlated to their solubility in body fluids. However, calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) form insoluble precipitate in a neutral and alkaline pH. To improve the bioavailability of Ca and Mg, it is necessary to enhance solubility at neutral and alkaine pH. In this study, we hydrolyze casein by using enzymes. Protein hydrolysate has a free amino acid functional groups and make chelates with Ca and Mg ions and then prevent to form insoluble precipitates. Optimized conditions for casein hydrolysis such as enzyme type, enzyme/substrate ratio and hydrolysis time are investigated to make a chelates with Ca and Mg ions. By addition of casein hydrolysate, Mg solubility increased from 80 to 100 and that of Ca increased from 1.2 to 25% at pH 8. Casein hydrolysate addition shows great improvement on Mg and Ca bioavailability.