<書評> 김태웅, 대한제국과 3·1운동, 휴머니스트, 2022.

하명준 역사교육연구회 2022 역사교육 Vol.163 No.-

영조대 재지사족의 재난 경험과 기록의 정보화: 구상덕의 『승총명록』을 중심으로

하명준 서울대학교 규장각한국학연구원 2021 한국문화 Vol.- No.94

. Gu Sangdeok, a local Confucian scholar rooted in Goseong, Gyeongsang province was a figure who lived in an age of disaster during the reign of King Yeongjo. In his Journal named Seungchongmyeongnok 勝聰明錄, literally meaning “a bright record that can surpass the intelligent”, he transcribed numerous disasters he had experienced to the brink of his death. Therefore, in order to trace Gu Sangdeok’s life and examine his actions and mind thoroughly, it is necessary to look closely at the aspects and effects of the disaster he had experienced. As a member of a declining aristocrat, Gu Sangdeok, dreamed of achieving fame and prestige through the passing of the civil service entrance examination, like any other scholar. However, since the early 1730s, the activities of Gu Sangdeok regarding the preparation of the exam had already decreased significantly. The major factor that dampened his studies was the experience of the critical Imgye Great Famine (1732-1733), which is considered the greatest disaster during the reign of Yeongjo. After he underwent this tragic period, Gu sporadically took the exam, but by 1743, he had completely ceased any attempt to pass the exam altogether. The disaster had a great influence on Gu in the sense that it alienated him from the civil service entrance examination, which had a significant meaning in the life of scholars during the Joseon Dynasty. Meanwhile, it is also necessary to savor the meaning of the records that Gu Sangdeok left in his journal. A journal is the most faithful archive regarding one person’s life. The contents of the journal allows us to navigate where the author's interests and intentions are. Seungchongmyeongrok can be characterized by the fact that it has devoted a lot of space to diagnosing and predicting disasters. Its author Gu Sangdeok mobilized various routes and available resources to collect and store disaster-related information in his diary. Since the 1730s, records had become gradually systematized and formalized. Its diverse and rich contents progressed from fragmentary weather-oriented information to crop, disaster, price fluctuation, and grain inventory. Most of the journal’s disaster-related records were made by enthusiasticly combining the contents of agricultural books with knowledge gained from his everyday experience, which is believed to reflect the growing practical interest in climate forecasting at the time. These disaster-related information and records were used as a basis for diagnosing the scale of the tragedies and seeking a breakthrough. In reality, however, it was unclear at what stage of life the disaster would strike. In the face of an unexpected crisis, people of the village, including Gu Sangdeok, sought to unite and overcome it together. The local community, where the spirit of reciprocity and cooperation is carried out, could be the most effective place to deal with and prepare for disasters. The life and records of Gu Sangdeok can also be said to be a faithful example of this spirit.

19세기 후반 평안도 정주목사 이헌영의 흥학과 교육실태

하명준 서울대학교 규장각한국학연구원 2018 규장각 Vol.53 No.-

이 연구는 19세기 후반 조선 왕조가 전통 교육에서 근대 교육으로 이행하는 시기에 정주목사로 부임하였던 이헌영의 교육 활동 사례를 통해 당시의 교육 실태를 점검한 것이다. 일제는 1905년 을사늑약을 체결한 후 전통적인 敎學의 가치와 기능을 폄훼하였다. 조선시대의 교육 역량을 왜소․부실로 간주하는 견해들은 통감부 설치 이후 일제에 의한 교육개혁을 정당화하는 논거로 정립되어 식민통치에 활용되었을 뿐만 아니라 해방을 지나 오늘에 이르기까지 전통 교육의 퇴락과 부진을 기정사실화하는 이론적 배경으로 답습되고 있는 실정이다. 하지만 19세기 후반 정주목사 이헌영의 흥학 활동과 실천 양상을 검토해 보면 이른바 조선후기 학교부재론이나 강학쇠퇴론과 같은 주장들은 근거가 박약함을 알 수 있으므로 전통 교육의 실상에 대한 새로운 접근과 인식이 요구된다고 하겠다.

근대 전환기종친 관료 이헌영李永의가문의식과 시무인식

하명준 한국국학진흥원 2017 국학연구 Vol.0 No.34

This article explores the family consciousness of Lee Hun-young, a government official from the royal family in modern transition era. The results of the study reveals that while he possessed a value system of typical confucian scholars, he also had a kind of modern consciousness. Lee Hun-young furthermore displayed his recognition of contemporary affairs through his proposals to King Gojong. As a eyewitness of the western style modernization, he especially thought that modern reform should be based on self-reliance. The fact that his perception and suggestions regarding contemporary issues were widely accepted by King Gojong can imply a path of transitional modernization. 근대 전환기 종친 관료 이헌영은 가문의 현창 등을 통해 종친으로서의 위상을 제고하는 동시에 「아훈兒訓」을 작성하여 다음 세대에 집안을 이끌어 나갈 아들에게 전수하였다. 그는 전통적 유학자의 가치 체계를 지니었으나, 다른 한편으로 그의 가문의식을 통해서 재래하는 사대부의 문화가 전환기를 거치며 근대적인 면모를 띠어 갔음을 확인할 수 있다. 또한 이헌영은 헌의와 대책을 통해 현실에 대한 시무인식을 드러내었다. 특히 그는 서구식 근대화를 목도하면서 자주自主와 자수自修에 기반한 개화를 강조하였다. 민란에 대처해서는 백성들의 봉기를 부정하고 근왕적 태도를 견지하였으나, 점차 일본의 침략이 노골화하여 국권상실의 위기에 처하게 되자 거기에 반대하는 공공公共의 분노와 집단행동을 인정하며 정당성을 부여하는 모습을 보였다. 유교적 이념과 가치에 기반한 사회질서를 구현하고 자주에 터전한 통상수교의 방도를 모색한 이헌영의 인식과 노력은 고종을 비롯한 조야朝野에서 ‘시무’로서 널리 긍정되었다. 이는 서구식 근대주의가 아닌 내적 계기에 즉하여 전환기 근대화의 경로를 탐색할 수 있는 시사점이 될 수 있을 것으로 생각한다.

이차전지 분리막 제조용 PP Melt index 제어 및 확립

하명준,정창현 한국표면공학회 2023 한국표면공학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2023 No.11

조선·대한제국 관보 데이터베이스의 구축과 활용- 국사편찬위원회 한국사데이터베이스를 중심으로-

하명준 한국학중앙연구원 한국학중앙연구원 2022 장서각 Vol.- No.48

이 연구는 국사편찬위원회 조선·대한제국 관보 데이터베이스(DB)의 구축과 활용을 검토한 것이다. 조선·대한제국 관보 DB는 기존의 영인본 관보와 DB가 가진 미비점, 이를테면 누락과 착간 등을 보완함으로써 신뢰할 수 있는 ‘정본(선본) 관보’를 표방하고 있다. 아울러 직관적인 인터페이스 구성과 검색 기능 강화로 사용자가 찾고자하는 정보에 쉽고 빠르게 접근할 수 있게 하였다. 이로써 종래 문헌 연구 방식으로 처리하기 어려웠던 대량의 역사자료들을 새롭게 혹은 두텁고 면밀하게 파악할 수 있게되었다. 이 글에서는 실제 검색의 몇몇 사례를 제시하여 관보 DB의 활용과 효용의잠재성을 타진해 보았다. 이 관보 DB의 구축은 연구의 저변 확대와 활성화에 기여할것으로 예상된다. 기존 관보와 비교해서 일부 판본과 내용을 달리하는 장서각본 관보를 추가로 구축한다면 자료는 더욱 풍성해질 것이다. 이와 같은 관보 DB 등을 통해19세기 말~20세기 초 한국 근대사의 진면목을 실증적·맥락적으로 살필 수 있게 되기를 기대하는 바이다.

이차전지 분리막 제조용 PP Melt index 제어 및 강도 개선

하명준,정창현 한국표면공학회 2024 한국표면공학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2024 No.10

근대 전환기 종친 관료 이헌영의 가문의식과 시무인식

하명준(河明埈) 한국국학진흥원 2017 국학연구 Vol.0 No.34

근대 전환기 종친 관료 이헌영은 가문의 현창 등을 통해 종친으로서의 위상을 제고하는 동시에 「아훈兒訓」을 작성하여 다음 세대에 집안을 이끌어 나갈 아들에게 전수하였다. 그는 전통적 유학자의 가치체계를 지니었으나, 다른 한편으로 그의 가문의식을 통해서 재래하는 사대부의 문화가 전환기를 거치며 근대적인 면모를 띠어 갔음을 확인할 수 있다. 또한 이헌영은 헌의와 대책을 통해 현실에 대한 시무인식을 드러내었다. 특히 그는 서구식 근대화를 목도하면서 자주自主와 자수自修에 기반한 개화를 강조하였다. 민란에 대처해서는 백성들의 봉기를 부정하고 근왕적 태도를 견지하였으나, 점차 일본의 침략이 노골화하여 국권상실의 위기에 처하게 되자 거기에 반대하는 공공公共의 분노와 집단행동을 인정하며 정당성을 부여하는 모습을 보였다. 유교적 이념과 가치에 기반한 사회질서를 구현하고 자주에 터전한 통상수교의 방도를 모색한 이헌영의 인식과 노력은 고종을 비롯한 조야朝野에서 ‘시무’로서 널리 긍정되었다. 이는 서구식 근대주의가 아닌 내적 계기에 즉하여 전환기 근대화의 경로를 탐색할 수 있는 시사점이 될 수 있을 것으로 생각한다. This article explores the family consciousness of Lee Hun-young, a government official from the royal family in modern transition era. The results of the study reveals that while he possessed a value system of typical confucian scholars, he also had a kind of modern consciousness. Lee Hun-young furthermore displayed his recognition of contemporary affairs through his proposals to King Gojong. As a eyewitness of the western style modernization, he especially thought that modern reform should be based on self-reliance. The fact that his perception and suggestions regarding contemporary issues were widely accepted by King Gojong can imply a path of transitional modernization.

18世紀 前半 平安道 儒生의 地域認識과 關西辨誣疏 事件

河明埈(Ha, myungjoon) 한국사연구회 2014 한국사연구 Vol.- No.167

朝鮮後期의 鄕村防衛實情과 民堡論

河明埈(Ha Myung-Joon) 歷史敎育硏究會 2010 歷史敎育 Vol.114 No.-

This article discusses the state of the rural defense in the late Chos?n, problem and its various tasks, then investigates the usage of Dasan’s Min Bo Ron as the official National Defense system. Chos?n’s military system was traditionally carried out with a focus on the Central Guard. The reason for this was that state desired establishment of a Centralized system by a strong Central Guard. This policy was fixed by the completion of the Five Military Corps in the late 17th century. But, the policy brought about the weakening of the Local Military Forces. Due to the aggravation of the National finance, the purpose of the Military Service System was preferred for the reason of taxation rather than for the reason of the national defense. Also, as threats from outside decreased, concerns about Local Military Forces became less important. Moreover, Military Posts system was initially made to look after training of Sog’o militia. However, it often resulted in confusion of the Military Command system and brought about several ill-effects both to the military and the people. Measures for the rural defense were urgently desired in situations where Sog’o militia and Military Posts system caused a nuisance to the people and lost its military function. Under these circumstances, two opposing issues on the Rural Defense Policy were raised. The first was argued by the government officials called the “No-ron”. They regarded the weakness of the Local Military Forces was caused by mismanagement of the Military System. They also argued that problems in the management should be corrected and improved or to reinforce the Rural Defense by training the Local Government Officials(Suryong)’s Personal Guard. These arguments had limits because it was not based on the desire of the land reform by farmers’ Principles of Farmer-soldier Service(byeongnongilchi). The second was argued by Confucians called the “Nam-in” in the opposition. They found the cause to be the lack of a basic reward system. Therefore, they wanted to make an attempt to reform the Military System which was based on the farmers’ land ownership. In addition, they wanted to defend the rural areas by combining the Local Organization and the Military Organization. These arguments also had some limitations in that it is not able to remove a social status of a noble family. The above mentioned arguments remained as problems of the Rural Defense Policy. Also, the Rural Defense Policy in the 18th century was very general and superficial because it was formed while the state of the foreign affairs was steady. Moreover, this policy considered Cheong to be more of a military threat than Japan. However, in the late 18th century Japan’s hostility toward Chos?n was becoming bad to worse. As the western influence began to strengthen, Japan put forward the idea that the invasion of Chos?n was necessary in order to protect themselve. In reality, the Friendly-neighbor Policy between Chos?n and Japan had already come to an end at the time. So, Chos?n had to make sure to set up a solid defensive measures from an attack from Japan. However, Se-do Government in the 19th century was abandoning such responsibilities. Defense against Japan’s attack was becoming a problem at the time. In the face of these difficult military problems, Dasan Jeong Yak-Yong put forward a solution in the『Minbo?i』in his book which the Rural Defense Discussion was intensely included. Through the management of Public Defense(Min Bo), he desired to preserve the life of people and property. Also, he wanted to defend the country by cooperating with the government forces as well as to stabilizing the existing Local society. This Dasan’s Public Defense Discussion(Min Bo Ron) standed on the confidence about the people in that it is based on the people’s arm that put under taboo. In addition, the style of electing people by ability, managing an organization by unbiased view can predict that Public Defense and is consists of a ra