꽃도라지 뿌리썩음병을 일으키는 Fusarium solani 의 특성

최효원,홍성기,이영기,김점순,이재금,김효원,강은혜,이은형,Choi, Hyo-Won,Hong, Sung Kee,Lee, Young Kee,Kim, Jeomsoon,Lee, Jae Guem,Kim, Hyo Won,Kang, Eun Hye,Lee, Eun Hyeong 한국균학회 2017 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.45 No.1

꽃도라지(Eustoma grandiflorum)는 국내에서 장식용 화훼류로 널리 이용되는 절화류이다. 2015년 경기도 여주와 경남 김해 지역에서 꽃도라지가 시들고, 지제부가 잘록해지면서 위축되고, 뿌리가 썩는 증상이 나타났다. 병든 식물체는 포장이나 육묘상자에서 황화되고, 뿌리 발육이 저해되었고, 진전되면 전체적으로 황화되면서 시들고, 위축되며, 결국 2~3개월 안에 완전히 말라 죽는다. 병든 식물체 지제부에서 Fusarium균이 분리되었고, 9개 균주를 단포자 분리하여 형태적 특성을 조사한 결과, Fusarium solani로 동정되었다. 대형포자는 통통하고, 직선형이거나 약간 굽은 초승달 모양이고, 소형분생포자는 긴mono형태의 분생포자원세포에서 false head상으로 형성되었다. 후벽포자는 균사 중간 혹은 끝부분에 풍부하게 형성되었다. 이와 같은 동정 결과는 translation elongation factor 1 alpha (TEF)와 RNA polymerase II subunit (RPB2) 유전자의 염기서열 분석으로 재확인되었다. 그 결과, 분리 균주는 NCBI GenBank에 등록된 F. solani와 TEF 유전자는 99.2~99.9%, RPB2 유전자는 98.0~98.1%의 상동성을 나타내었다. 건전한 꽃도라지 유묘의 뿌리를 포자현탁액에 침지 접종하여 병원성 검정을 수행한 결과, 접종 7일 이내에 접종한 식물체에서만 병징이 관찰되었다. 따라서 이 병을 F. solani에 의한 꽃도라지 뿌리썩음병으로 명명하며, 병의 발생을 국내에서 처음으로 보고한다. Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum) is a flowering ornamental plant used widely in Korea. In 2015, wilting, damping-off, stunting, and root rot symptoms were observed in lisianthus plants of Yeoju and Gimhae, Korea. Affected seedlings appeared yellow and showed poor development of root systems in the field and in nursery boxes. Furthermore, affected plants were yellow, stunted, and died at approximately 2-3 months after transplanting. Fusarium species were consistently isolated from the basal stems of diseased plants. Nine isolates were identified as Fusarium solani based on morphological characteristics. Macroconidia of isolates were relatively wide, straight-to-slightly curved, and microconidia formed in false heads on long monophialides. Abundant chlamydospores were produced at the middle or tips of hyphae. To confirm this identification, a molecular analysis of the translation elongation factor 1 alpha (TEF) and RNA polymerase II subunit (RPB2) genes was conducted. The sequences of TEF and RPB2 showed 99.2-99.9% and 98.0-98.1% similarity, respectively, to those of reference F. solani strains in NCBI GenBank. Pathogenicity was tested using root dipping inoculation of healthy lisianthus seedlings. Symptoms were observed within 7 days of inoculation only in inoculated plants. This is the first report of F. solani causing Fusarium root rot on lisianthus in Korea.

2001년 이후 국경관리 동향 탐색: 코로나19 확산 전후를 중심으로

최효원 한국사회학회 2021 한국사회학회 사회학대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.12

Association Between Parental BMI and Offspring’s Blood Pressure by Mediation Analysis: A Study Using Data From the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

최효원,이현주,Ahn Yeon Soon 대한예방의학회 2023 예방의학회지 Vol.56 No.6

Objectives: This study analyzed the relationship between parental body mass index (BMI; BMI_p) and hypertension in their adolescent offspring (HTN_a), focusing on the mediating effect of adolescents’ BMI (BMI_a).Methods: Utilizing data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, including participants aged 12-18, we conducted a mediation analysis while controlling for confounding factors such as age, sex, physical activity, dietary habits, household income quartile, and parents’ alcohol and smoking habits.Results: The study included a total of 5731 participants, of whom 3381 and 5455 participants had data on fathers’ and mothers’ BMI, respectively. For adolescent systolic blood pressure (SBP_a), the father’s BMI (BMI_f) had a significant total effect (β, 0.23; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.12 to 0.34) and average controlled mediated effect (ACME) (β, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.23 to 0.32), but the average direct effect (ADE) was not significant. The mother’s BMI (BMI_m) had a significant total effect (β, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.09 to 0.25), ACME (β, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.22 to 0.28) and ADE (β, -0.08; 95% CI, -0.16 to 0.00). For adolescent diastolic blood pressure, both BMI_f and BMI_m had significant ACMEs (β, 0.10; 95% CI, 0.08 to 0.12 and β, 0.09; 95% CI, 0.07 to 0.12, respectively), BMI_m had a significant ADE (β, -0.09; 95% CI, -0.16 to -0.02) but BMI_f had an insignificant ADE and total effect.Conclusions: The study found that parental BMI had a significant effect on SBP_a, mediated through BMI_a. Therefore, a high BMI in parents could be a risk factor, mediated through BMI_a, for systolic hypertension in adolescents, necessitating appropriate management.

한국산 고추 탄저병균 종에 대한 약제별 반응

최효원,이재금,김효원,홍성기,이영기 한국농약과학회 2018 한국농약과학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2018 No.4

안전 및 재난인식, 안전교육지각이 재난대처역량에 미치는 영향

최효원,김진영,김민채,박정희 한국응급구조학회 2023 한국응급구조학회지 Vol.27 No.1

Purpose: This study aimed to provide basic information for university students to improve disaster preparedness by identifying disaster and safety cognition, safety education perception and identifying factors influencing disaster preparedness. Methods: Selected articles were programmed statistically by SPSS to analyze 162 third and fourth-year students in Chungcheong-do, from December 1, 2022 to December 31, 2022. The general characteristics of the subject with the effect of disaster and safety cognition, safety education perception, and disaster preparedness was analyzed by t-test and ANOVA. Results: Disaster preparedness had a positive correlation with Disaster and safety cognition (r=.499, p<.001) and safety education perception (r=.328, p<.001). Furthermore, the influencing factors on disaster preparedness were sex (β=0.17, p<.011), disaster and safety cognition (β=0.39, p<.001), and 28% was explanatory power. Conclusion: Preparing educational method for strengthening safety and disaster cognition requires improving the disaster preparedness of university students, and a new educational approach to program development to elevate disaster and safety cognition at the university level.

국내 콩 시들음병에 관여하는 Fusarium균 4종의 DMI 살균제에 대한 약제반응

최효원,이재금,강은혜,윤영남,홍성기 한국농약과학회 2020 한국농약과학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2020 No.11

피에서 분리한 Fusarium fujikuroi의 동정 및 벼 키다리병의 전염원 가능성

최효원,이용환,홍성기,김완규,천세철,이영기 한국식물병리학회 2011 식물병연구 Vol.17 No.1

Bakanae disease symptom were observed in barnyard grass in paddy field in Heanam, Jeonnam. The infected plants were blighted and white mass of spore were formed on the stem. Fusarium species were isolated from infected stem and the isolates were identified as Fusarium fujikuroi based on their morphological and molecular characteristics. The isolates of F. fujikuroi were assigned to reference of F. fujikuroi among related Fusarium species based on the translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene sequence. Pathogenicity of the fungal isolates was confirmed on seedlings of rice and barnyard grass by artificial inoculation. The results indicated that barnyard grass can be inoculum source of Bakanae disease on rice. Thus, effective weed management is necessary to Bakanae disease control and healthy seed production. 2009년 전남 해남 지역의 논에서 벼 키다리병과 유사한 병징을 나타내는 피를 채집하여 병원균을 분리하였다. 이병 식물체는 줄기가 고사하여 하얗게 말라 죽고, 줄기 표면에 흰가루 모양의 포자가 형성되었다. 분리균은 균학적 특성과 분자생물학적 특성에 따라 Fusarium fujikuroi로 동정되었다. Translation elongation factor 1-alpha 유전자의 염기서열 분석 결과, GenBank에 등록된 F. fujikuroi와 상동성을 나타내었다. 벼와 피를 대상으로 침지접종에 의해 병원성을 확인하였으며, 이는 피가 벼 키다리병의 전염원으로서의 역할을 할 수 있음을 의미한다. 따라서 벼 키다리병의 방제와 건전종자의 채종을 위해서는 논에 발생한 이병식물체뿐 아니라 전염원으로 작용할 수 있는 피를 제거해야 할 것으로 생각된다.

상업공간에 적용된 적벽돌의 공감각적 특성 연구

최효원,김지은 한국실내디자인학회 2022 한국실내디자인학회논문집 Vol.31 No.2

The commercial space, which is recognized with different characteristics through various material use and design expression methods, is responding to consumers' desire to satisfy their emotions with different sensory experiences and spatial concepts. In the case of red bricks, not only partial expressions such as floors, walls, and objects inside the space, but also forms the entire space and is applied without boundaries. With the characteristics of red bricks and unique construction methods, visitors to space have created various senses, which is actively used as an expression material for modern commercial space. This is an attractive element of only red bricks, and it is believed that when one of the five senses of humans meets stimulation, the sense of empathy that causes senses in other areas other than that has a wide influence on people's emotional stimulation through red bricks. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to derive the synesthesia characteristics of red bricks that stimulate people's emotions as an expression material for commercial spaces and cause various senses to act. As for the research method and content, synesthesia characteristics were derived through case analysis of design and material expression based on the concept of commercial space and the change in modern meaning. Subsequently, the characteristics of red bricks are derived by understanding the visual characteristics and method of building and analyzing expression cases. By connecting the synesthesia characteristics of the commercial space and the characteristics of the red brick discovered earlier, the synesthesia characteristics of the commercial space to which the red brick is applied were derived into the following five. It was organized into ‘Return and Departure of Time and Space’, ‘Realization of Persona of Physicality’, ‘Deteriorated Double-Sidedness of Appearance’, ‘Creation of Sense of Sequence Overlapping’ and ‘The Transfer of Emotional Warmth’ was conducted based on this. In the entire case, memories were recalled, vintage and modern according to spatial harmony, and conflicting bricks were revealed. In addition, through the combination of space and senses, people exist in space, forming a sense of temperature by the image. These results confirmed that various emotions and experiences of humans were expressed at the same time, realizing emotional stimuli and fantasies, and deeper emotional stimuli than other purpose spaces. Finally, it is expected that the characteristics of red bricks will prove their potential as an expression material that induces various experiences and sensory stimuli in various spatial design areas.

Swelling Behavior of Crosslinked Polystyrene Microspheres Obtained Through Emulsion Polymerization

최효원,임지우 한국고분자학회 2021 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.46 No.2

Microsphere lithography (MSL) is a cost-efficient alternative to more conventional lithographic techniques such as electron-beam lithography (EBL). Based on the self-assembly of microspheres of monodisperse size distribution, MSL is often conducted with polystyrene (PS) microspheres which could be prepared in a wide range of diameters. While conventional MSL utilize hexagonal close-packed monolayers of PS microspheres followed by partial etching of the spheres, direct achievement of non-close-packed arrays is regarded as an interesting alternative. We have recently shown that controlling the swelling and deswelling behavior of PS latex microspheres synthesized using crosslinker can induce non-close-packed monolayers of PS microspheres with short range order. Herein, we report the relationship between the size, composition, and degree of crosslinking of PS microspheres to their behavior in non-close-packed array induction under mixed solvent systems.

국내 벼키다리병균의 prochloraz 저항성 모니터링 및 유묘검정을 이용한 생물검정법

최효원,류현주,이재금,강은혜,하민선 한국농약과학회 2021 한국농약과학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.11

벼 키다리병은 대표적인 종자전염병으로 국내의 경우, 2000년대 들어오면서 문제가 되기 시작하였으며, 온탕소독 및 약제 체계처리 등 종합관리로 다소 감소하는 추세였으나, 2013년 본답에서 대발생하여 문제된 바 있으며 최근에도 꾸준히 발생하는 벼 병해이다. 1983년 등록된 이후, 벼 종자소독약제로 사용되어 온 prochloraz는 2006년부터 국내 벼 키다리병균의 저항성 분포가 보고되었다. 본 연구에서는 2006년~2007년, 2013년~2014년, 2020년에 전국에서 분리한 벼키다리병균을 대상으로 prochloraz에 대한 저항성을 모니터링하였다. 각각 124개, 375개, 87개 균주를 수집하여 한천희석법을 이용하여 균사생장 억제정도를 조사하고 연도별 EC50값과 MIC(최소억제농도) 값을 계산하였다. 그 결과, 연도별 평균 EC50값은 각각 0.2892μg/mL, 0.8023μg/mL에서 2020년에는 1.1916μg/mL으로 증가하였으며, 이전 연구에서 저항성 기준으로 설정된 0.6μg/mL 이상인 균주 분포는 6.5%, 41.6%에서 2020년 86.2%로 크게 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 한천희석법을 통해 prochloraz 감수성, 저항성으로 선정된 균주를 대상으로 실제 벼 유묘에서의 약제반응을 검정하여 감수성, 저항성 반응을 확인하였다. EC50값을 기준으로 각각 2개의 감수성, 저항성 균주를 선발하여 볍씨종자에 인위접종하였다. 기준량, 반량, 배량으로 희석된 약제에 종자를 침지하고, 상토에 파종하여 14일 후, 발병주율을 조사하였다. 그 결과, 한천희석법에 의한 in vitro에서의 약제반응과 일치하는 결과를 확인하였다.