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Clinical characteristics of lung abscess in children: 15-year experience at two university hospitals
최미석,천지혜,이경석,나영호,최선희 대한소아청소년과학회 2015 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.58 No.12
Purpose: Information on the clinical features of lung abscess, which is uncommon in children, at hospitalization is helpful to anticipate the disease course and management. There is no report concerning lung abscess in Korean children. We aimed to identify the clinical characteristics of pediatric lung abscess and compare the difference between primary and secondary abscess groups. Methods: The medical records of 11 lung abscess patients (7 males and 4 females) from March 1998 to August 2011 at two university hospitals were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical characteristics, symptoms, underlying disease, laboratory and radiologic findings, microbiological results, and treatments were examined. Results: Six patients had underlying structural-related problems (e.g., skeletal anomalies). No immunologic or hematologic problem was recorded. The mean ages of the primary and secondary groups were 2.4 and 5.3 years, respectively, but the difference was not statistically significant. The mean length of hospital stay was similar in both groups (22.8 days vs. 21.4 days). Immunologic studies were performed in 3 patients; the results were within the normal range. Most patients had prominent leukocytosis. Seven and 4 patients had right and left lung abscess, respectively. Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and antimycoplasma antibodies were detected in both groups. Two patients with primary lung abscess were administered antibiotics in the absence of other procedures, while 8 underwent interventional procedures, including 5 with secondary abscess. Conclusion: The most common symptoms were fever and cough. All patients in the primary group were younger than 3 years. Structural problems were dominant. Most patients required interventional procedures and antibiotics.
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In Vivo and In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Aqueous Extract of Anthriscus sylvestris Leaves
이슬아,문성민,한슬희,황은주,홍준호,박보람,최미석,안훈,김재성,김흥중,전홍성,김도경,김춘성 한국식품영양과학회 2018 Journal of medicinal food Vol.21 No.6
Anthriscus sylvestris (L.) Hoffm. is a common perennial herb that is widely distributed in Europe, Korea, and New Zealand. The root of A. sylvestris has been used in Korean traditional medicine as an antitussive and cough remedy. However, the physiologically active function of A. sylvestris leaves is not yet known. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms of an aqueous extract of A. sylvestris leaves (AE-ASL) in vitro and in vivo. Our results indicated that pretreatment with AE-ASL significantly inhibited the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced secretion of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 in RAW264.7 cells, without showing cytotoxicity. In addition, the LPS-induced mRNA and protein expression of inducible NO synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, and inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor alpha interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 was attenuated by pretreatment with AE-ASL in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, we investigated the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB, a transcription factor regulating the expression of inflammation-related genes. AE-ASL inhibited the nuclear translocation of the NF-κB p65 subunit by suppressing the phosphorylation and degradation of the inhibitor of NF-κB (IκBα). Further, AE-ASL inhibited the LPS-induced phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in RAW264.7 cells. Orally administered AE-ASL (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of body weight [BW]) suppressed the development of carrageenan-induced rat paw edema by 15%, 31%, and 40%, respectively, after 4 h. Altogether, our results suggest that AE-ASL possesses anti-inflammatory activity, based on the suppression of NF-κB and MAPK pathways in vitro and inhibition of the carrageenan-induced paw edema in vivo.
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