A corpus-based analysis of synesthetic metaphors in Korean

조참훈 경희대학교 언어정보연구소 2019 언어연구 Vol.36 No.3

Linguistic synesthesia generally means an experiential mapping of one sensory domain onto another, such as with the experience of sweet sound. The study aimed to test Ullmann’s (1963) theoretical framework of “hierarchical distribution” through synesthetic data obtained from the Sejong Corpus. In this paper, therefore, I focused on clarifying the overall routes of Korean synesthetic transfers and the universal and/or culture-specific aspects of the synesthetic associations. The results of data analysis display that (a) Korean synesthesia conforms to Ullmann’s (1963) general scheme of metaphoric mappings, (b) the predominant source domain is touch while the predominant target is hearing, which also accords with Ullmann’s (1963) study, and (c) there could be a probable cultural dependency, whereby “taste” occupies a significant position along with “touch” in Korean synesthetic metaphors.

Linguistic synesthesia in Korean: A compound word-based study of cross-modal directionality

조참훈,Chu-Ren Huang,김선아 경희대학교 언어정보연구소 2022 언어연구 Vol.39 No.2

In linguistics, synesthesia refers to lexical expressions for perceptual experience of one sense associated with another, such as ‘warm color’, which is often treated as metaphor. Previous studies of synesthetic metaphor are mostly based on Indo-European languages. This paper investigates linguistic synesthesia in Korean, focusing on compound words that have not been explored in the field. Synesthetic compounds were collected from Korean WordNet and a comprehensive Korean dictionary. The results show that synesthesia in Korean compounds supports the directionality of sensory transfer in the synesthetic hierarchy established for Indo-European languages. Simultaneously, Korean compound synesthesia exhibits particularities. Vision is maximized as a source, and neither olfaction nor audition serves as a source. The findings of the study are comparable to those of previous studies, providing further support for modality exclusivity-based results. In addition, this study shows differences between phrase-level and lexical-level tendencies of linguistic synesthesia in the same register in Korean.

한중 교류의 저변화(底邊化) 방안 연구 - ‘중국어자원봉사회’ 사례 분석을 중심으로 -

조참훈 중국인문학회 2012 中國人文科學 Vol.0 No.51

This year celebrates the 20th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Korea and China. Now the Korea-China exchange faces a paradigm shift: civilian-orientedness, localization, individualization and generalization. It can be summarized into the expansion of the base in a word. Here, ways of the expansion of the base in the Korea-China exchange are considered inductively through the specific case analysis of 'Association of Chinese Volunteers'(중국어자원봉사회). That is to say, there are the three ways: the change of way of thinking which leads to a substantial acknowledgement of the other(Chinese) and a straightforward facing of mutual heterogeneity, the localization of the Korea-China exchange focusing on intra-local exchanges, and the vitalization of civil and individual exchanges supported by 'small government'.

現代漢語和古漢語的通感隱喩映射方向性綜合硏究

趙參勳 중국인문학회 2023 中國人文科學 Vol.- No.85

Synaesthesia is a physical phenomenon which refers to ‘the involuntary experience of a cross-modal association’ (Shen 2008). In linguistics, generally speaking, synaesthesia is considered as a common sort of metaphor in poetic and ordinary language which can make a metaphoric transfer from one sensory domain to another. For instance, ‘cold color’ is linguistically synaesthetic, because the speaker expresses a perception of vision by using a word related to touch. In this paper, I make a brief introduction to linguistic synaesthesia, namely, synaesthetic metaphor, based on previous studies in different languages and different methods, and then, attempt to analyze the synaesthetic data collected from modern and ancient Chinese. In conclusion, the data analysis results of both modern Mandarin Chinese and ancient Chinese show that the linguistic synaesthesia from Chinese is different from that from Ullmann’s (1957) study in the metaphoric directionality. It implies that linguistic synaesthesia could have language- or culture-specific variations as per language. 공감각은 '상호 양태적 연관성의 무의식적인 경험'(Shen 2008)을 지칭하는 물리적 현상이다. 언어학에서 공감각 현상은 일반적으로 말해서 일상적인 언어들 속에서 하나의 감각 영역에서 다른 감각 영역으로의 은유적인 전이를 유발할 수 있는 흔한 종류의 은유 현상으로 이해된다. 예를 들어, '차가운 색'은 언어적으로 공감각적인데, 화자가 시각에 대한 인식을 촉각과 관련된 단어를 사용하여 표현하기 때문이다. 본 논문에서는 여러 언어와 방법론에 따라 진행되어 온 선행연구를 검토하면서 언어적 공감각, 즉 공감각적 은유에 대해 간략하게 소개한 후, 현대 중국어와 고대 중국어에서 수집된 공감각 자료에 대한 분석을 시도한다. 결론적으로 말해, 현대 및 고대 중국어의 자료 분석 결과는 중국어의 공감각 현상이 은유적 방향성에 대해 가장 널리 알려진 Ullmann(1957)의 연구와 다르다는 것을 보여준다. 이는 언어적 공감각 현상이 언어에 따라 또는 문화에 따라 특정적 변이를 가질 수 있음을 시사한다.

W. B. 葉芝與賴和的詩篇之本土文化主義和反對帝國主義

조참훈 중국인문학회 2013 중국인문학회 학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.2013 No.-

「중국어 외래어 표기법」에 대한 원론적 접근

조참훈 ( Charm Hun Jo ) 한국중국언어학회 2013 중국언어연구 Vol.0 No.44

To us, the discussion related to the 「The Korean Orthography of Standard Chinese Loanwords」 is very glocalizational as a local/national and at the same time global/international topic. To this topic, we are making an approach from the viewpoints based on principles such as the reconsideration of the notion of ``Loanwords`` in the 「The Korean Orthography of Loanwords」, the matter of ``Pursuit of Native Pronunciation`` and ``Pursuit of Vernacular Pronunciation`` and the matter of ``Phonetic Transcription`` and ``Alphabetical Transcription``. Such a macroscopic and theoretical approach to the 「The Korean Orthography of Standard Chinese Loanwords」 is able to bring us a clue to the most fundamental recognition on controversies related to the 「The Korean Orthography of Standard Chinese Loanwords」.

한국 수어의 코퍼스 기반 신체 개념구현 연구

최영주,조참훈,윤병천,백해연,장세은 언어과학회 2019 언어과학연구 Vol.0 No.91

This study attempts to clarify whether Korean Sign Language (KSL) belongs to a ‘cardiocentrism’ language like Korean or s ‘dichotomy’ language like English. To do this, we collected our data of thought and emotion-related expressions from a corpus of KSL provided by National Institute of Korean Language. We also categorized the data into head, heart, and belly as per location. The results show that reason and thought in KSL are mostly located in the head, while emotion such as joy, anxiety, and sadness lies in the heart. This study concludes that KSL does not conform to the cardiocentrism of Korean but conforms to the dichotomy of English.

수어코퍼스 기반 청각장애 초등학교 3학년 언어교과서 개발의 기초 연구

권순복,조진우,황보현진,조참훈,윤병천,장세은,최영주 대구대학교 한국특수교육문제연구소 2023 특수교육저널 : 이론과 실천 Vol.24 No.4

[목적] 본 연구의 목적은 농학생들이 모국어를 사용하여 학습할 수 있도록 한국수어 자료를 수집하여 코퍼스를 구축한 후, 청각장애 초등학교 3학년 국어 교과서를 개발하고자 하였다. [방법] 언어제공자는 농인 26명으로 조선대 언어융합연구소에서 주제별, 연령별, 지역별로 분류화하여 데이터를 수집하고 분석하였다. [결과] 첫째, 언어교과서 분석 방법으로 초등 학습어휘 추출결과는 구축된 수어코퍼스를 품사별로 분류하고, 표제어(lemma)들의 빈도수를 형태(type)과 표시(token)로 분류하여 분석하였다. 둘째, 국어과 교과목의 구성은 도입부분, 단어 배우기, 문장 배우기, 읽기와 쓰기, 연습문제로 구성한 내용을 제시하였다. [결론] 학교 교육 현장에서의 필요한 다양한 유형의 콘텐츠를 개발하고 교재에 적용해서 교사 및 학습자에게 제공함으로써 효율적인 언어교수 학습법으로서의 도움이 되기를 기대한다. [Purpose] This study aimed to collect Korean sign language data to build a corpus so that deaf students could learn using their sign language ; in addition, aimed to develop a Korean language textbook for third grade elementary school students with hearing impairment. [Methods] The language providers were 26 informants, and the Chosun University Language Convergence Research Institute classified them by subject, age, and region to collect and analyze the data. [Results] First, to analyze the language textbooks, the results of extracting elementary learning vocabulary was analyzed by classifying an established sign language corpus by part of speech and classifying the frequency of the lemma into type and token. Second, the composition of a Korean language course was presented as an introduction, vocabulary learning, sentence learning, reading and writing, and practice. [Conclusion] This study proposed an efficient language teaching and learning method by developing various types of content needed in school education, applying it to textbooks, and then providing it to teachers and learners.

대조적 관점에서 본 한국 수어의 이접 등위구문

전혜원,이선혜,장세은,고인경,윤병천,조참훈,김종복 대한언어학회 2023 언어학 Vol.31 No.4

Human language uniquely exhibits infinite generativity, a trait shared by both spoken and sign languages. However, their realization differs significantly. This study examines the linguistic parallels and contrasts between spoken and sign languages, particularly focusing on disjunctive coordination. While English utilizes consistent lexical items and sentence structures for disjunctive coordination, it can express alternative questions, polar questions, and three semantic interpretations: alternative question, exclusive disjunction, and inclusive disjunction. This multiplicity of interpretations from a single conjunction presents a linguistic conundrum. Our research delves into the distinct roles of manual signs and non-manual markers (NMMs) in Korean Sign Language (KSL) and American Sign Language (ASL), emphasizing their linguistic functionalities. In English, these interpretations are clarified through intonation, whereas in Korean, the usage of the disjunctive coordinator aids in disambiguation. For ASL, Davidson (2013) notes that disjunction can be conveyed solely through NMMs, designated as COORD-SHIFT and COORD-L. In KSL, the differential application of coordinate markers and NMMs plays a pivotal role in resolving ambiguity in disjunctive coordination. The paper culminates with a comprehensive table summarizing disjunction in Korean, English, KSL, and ASL, highlighting their respective functions. We also propose directions for future research in this field.

한국수어 역접등위구문에 관한 연구

이선혜,장세은,전혜원,고인경,류병래,윤병천,조참훈 언어과학회 2024 언어과학연구 Vol.- No.108

This research delves into the intricacies of adversative coordination in Korean Sign Language (KSL), focusing on its manifestations across three semantic categories: ‘semantic opposition’, ‘denial of expectation’, and ‘correction’. Through comprehensive analysis of both manual and non-manual elements, this study explores how these linguistic phenomena are intricately intertwined with the formation of sign languages. Drawing on the concept of grammaticalization, which transcends linguistic boundaries, we investigate how adversative coordination in KSL exhibits universal traits observed in spoken languages worldwide. By examining the structural and functional aspects of adversative coordination in KSL, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the linguistic mechanisms at play in sign languages and illuminates the universality of language evolution and structure