Prosodic Structure in North Kyungsang Korean Based on Tone Realization

장우혁 경희대학교 언어정보연구소 2009 언어연구 Vol.26 No.1

Chang, Woohyeok. 2009. Prosodic Structure in North Kyungsang Korean Based on Tone Realization. Linguistic Research 26(1), 1-18. This paper examines the tone system of North Kyungsnag Korean (NKK) to figure out whether the prosodic domain in segmental phonology is consistent with the one in suprasegmental phonology or not. As in segmental phonology, NKK tone system can be analyzed by employing prosodic domains, such as phonological words and phrases. According to segmental phonology, a phonological word in Korean is defined as the constituent that encompasses a prefix as well as a lexical word. This study of NKK tonal behavior also confirmed this phonological word boundary, showing that both prefixes and lexical words equally have two kinds of stems: unaccented vs. accented stems. However, it is suggested that the domain of phonological word is less important than that of phonological phrase because the placement of high tone in NKK is very much involved with the domain of phonological phrase. In order to satisfy the regulation that every phrase in NKK must have a high tone in the surface representation, a default tone should be inserted at the final syllable of the whole phrase that has no underlying tone. (Dankook University)

중소기업의 기업가지향성과 시장지향성이 비재무적성과에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

장우혁,손상희,황경식,신승아,김용만 경남대학교 산업경영연구소 2014 지역산업연구 Vol.37 No.3

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship of effects that entrepreneurial orientation and market orientation influence business performance, mediating technology commercialization and product creativity. For this, theoretical review and empirical analysis are taken for this purpose. Key variables such as entrepreneurial orientation and market orientation, technology commercialization, product creativity and Non Financial Performance were studied. Hypotheses were deduced through literature review and tested by empirical analysis. Analysis results reveal findings as follows. Findings of this study reveal that entrepreneurial orientation has positively significant influence on technology commercialization. More specifically, the innovativeness, proactiveness and risk-taking of entrepreneur influence positively on the ability of production and marketing of small business. Entrepreneurial orientation has positive influence on product creativity. Entrepreneurial innovativeness, proactiveness and risk-taking influences positively on product creativity. In summary, firms with a more entrepreneurial orientation perform better. Apparently, a high entrepreneurial orientation provides businesses the ability of technology commercialization that increase ability of production and marketing. They find discover new opportunities that can differentiate them from other firms and create a competitive advantage. They can increase the ability of innovative product development. As a result, they can improve product creativity. Market orientation promotes technology commercialization accompanying production and marketing ability. Technology commercialization has a positive effect on business performance. 본 연구는 우리나라 중소기업을 대상으로 기업가지향성과 시장지향성이 이들 기업의 비재무적성과에 영향을 미치는 기업의 기술사업화능력을 매개변수로 한 구조관계를 규명한 것이다. 이러한 연구목표를 달성하기 위해 기업가지향성, 시장지향성, 기술사업화능력, 비재무적성과에 대한 이론적 배경을 고찰 한 후, 구조관계를 설명하는 가설을 설정하였으며, 설문조사를 통한 자료수집과 실증분석이 이루어졌다. 실증분석 결과 본 연구는 다음과 같은 연구결과를 도출하였다. 먼저 설정된 가설의 검증결과를 보면, 기업가지향성은 기업의 기술사업화능력에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 하위변수인 혁신성, 진취성, 위험감수성은 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 기업의 시장지향성은 기업의 기술사업화능력에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 하위변수인 고객지향성과 경쟁자 지향성은 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 기업의 기술사업화능력은 기업의 비재무적성과에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 제품생산화 능력과 마케팅 능력은 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 기업의 기업가지향성이 높으면 기술사업화능력에 영향을 미쳐서 제품생산화능력과 마케팅능력이 향상되는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 그리고 시장지향성이 높으면 기업의 기술사업화능력이 높아져서 제품생산화능력과 마케팅능력이 향상되는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 기업의 기술사업화능력이 높으면 기업의 비재무적성과에 긍정적으로 영향을 미쳐서 비재무성과인 기술향상 성과가 높아지는 것으로 나타났다.

Modified Hausdorff 거리 척도를 이용한 기하 특징점 위치 기반 정량적 필적 감정 방법

장우혁,김세희,김윤경,이의철 사단법인 인문사회과학기술융합학회 2018 예술인문사회융합멀티미디어논문지 Vol.8 No.2

본인 인증 및 범죄 증거 분석 등의 분야에서 생체인식 기술의 활용 범위가 넓어지고 있다. 필적은 행동 기반 생체인식으로 활용될 수 있는 수단이다. 필적 감정은 두 문서에 기재된 글씨를 비교하여 동일인에 의해 작성되었는지를 판별하는 기술이다. 필적 감정 전문가는 필획, 필압, 기하학적 특징의 유사성을 종합적으로 고려하여 결정한다. 하지만, 각자의 기준이 다르고, 어떠한 특징을 기준으로 판단하는지에 대한 근거가 모호하여 감정 결과를 신뢰할 수가 없다. 따라서, 법정에서 증거력을 인정되지 못한다. 본 논문에서는 동일한 단어를 필기한 두 이미지를 비교하기 위해, 이진화, 라벨링, 사이즈 필터링, 세선화와 같은 디지털 영상처리 과정을 거쳐 필획의 분기점 과 끝점 및 코너점을 검출한다. 검출된 특징 중 인접하여 나타나는 중복 요소를 제거하여 최종 특징을 선정한다. 서로 다른 영상 크기를 정규화하기 위해 특징점의 좌표 값은 배율을 곱하는 과정을 거쳤다. 검출된 특징점 집합들 사이의 비교는 modified Hausdorff 거리 척도를 통해 수행한다. 동일인 및 타인 간 비교과정을 통해 성능을 분석함으로써, 객관적인 필적 감정의 가능성을 확인하였다. The scope of application of biometrics technology is expanding in the areas of identity verification and crime analysis. Handwriting is a means to be used as behavioral biometrics. Handwriting verification is a technique of comparing characters written in two documents to determine whether they were created by the same person. The handwriting verification expert determines the similarity of the marking, the pressure, and the geometric features in a comprehensive manner. However, it is not possible to trust verification results because the basis of each criterion is different and ambiguous to define. Therefore, the verification result as evidence is not acceptable in court. To solve the problems, we use geometric features such as bifuaction, ending, and corner points which were extracted by some digital image processing such as binarization, component labeling, size filtering, and thinning in order to compare two handwritings. The final features are selected by eliminating adjacent points. In order to normalize different image sizes, the coordinate values ​​of the feature points are multiplied by the magnification factor. Comparisons between detected feature point sets are performed through measuring the modified Hausdorff distance. By analyzing the performance through genuine and imposter matching, we confirmed the feasibility of objective handwriting verification.

STEAM 프로그램을 적용한 과학 수업이 상황적 흥미에 미치는 영향

장우혁,장신호 한국초등과학교육학회 2016 한국초등과학교육학회 학술대회 Vol.70 No.-

L1 Influence on L2 Speech Perception of Korean Stops by Mongolian Learners of Korean

장우혁 한국외국어대학교 언어연구소 2014 언어와 언어학 Vol.0 No.62

The main purpose of this article is to investigate how Mongolian speakers perceive non-native Korean stops. Both Korean and Mongolian have the feature [spread] in common that distinguishes between aspirated and lax stops. With regard to L2 speech perception, it is predicted that the existence of the feature [spread] in L1 grammar will facilitate Mongolian speakers’ ability to discriminate Korean lax stops from aspirated stops. Contrary to the prediction is that Mongolian speakers failed to perceive this contrast in the AX Discrimination task, which implies that L1 phonology does not play a role in perceiving non-native contrasts. Instead, a phonetic property (VOT) is a crucial perceptual cue that accounts for the experimental results.

Transcallosal Ipsilateral Motor Pathway from the Unaffected Hemisphere in a Patient with Traumatic Brain Injury

장우혁,이미영,권용현,장성호 대한물리치료학회 2014 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.26 No.3

Purpose: We presented with a patient with traumatic brain injury who showed a transcallosal ipsilateral motor pathway fromunaffected motor cortex to affected extremities, as evaluated by diffusion tensor tractography (DTT). Methods: One patient and six age-matched normal subjects were enrolled. A 42-year-old left hemiparetic male who sufferedfrom brain injury by motor vehicle accident 9 years ago showed a leukomalactic lesion in the right corona radiata and parietotemporallobe. His left extremities were completely paralyzed initially, but recovered slowly over 2 years. At the time of theevaluation, he was able to grasp and release an object, and to walk with spastic gait pattern. DTT was performed using 1.5 Twith a Synergy-L Sensitivity Encoding head coil. DTT was obtained with termination criteria of FA <0.2 and an angle change>45°. Results: The motor tracts of the unaffected (left) hemisphere of the patient and control subjects originated from the motorcortex and descended along the known corticospinal tract without any transcallosal tract. By contrast, the tract of the affected(right) hemisphere originated from the left premotor cortex, descended through the left corona radiata, and then crossed themid-portion of the corpus callosum. The tract then descended through the known corticospinal tract pathway to the rightmedulla. Conclusion: We conclude that the transcallosal ipsilateral motor pathway from the unaffected hemisphere appeared tocontribute to the motor recovery in this patient.

Deficits in the perception of English word-initial consonant clusters by Korean learners of English

장우혁 경희대학교 언어정보연구소 2010 언어연구 Vol.27 No.3

It is well known that Korean learners of English are deceived into perceiving an illusory epenthetic vowel when hearing consonant clusters. The purpose of this study is to investigate if this deficit in speech perception can be resolved as Korean learners improve their English skills. In previous literature, Lee (2010) conducted a perception test among Korean learners of English with four different proficiency levels: advanced, high-intermediate, intermediate, and low levels. In analyzing the experimental data, she calculated d-prime (d') scores, based on which she concluded that all of the groups could successfully perceive English word-initial consonant clusters. The present study attempts to reanalyze Lee's (2010) raw experimental data, employing a different method of analysis (A' scores) rather than d' scores. Contrary to Lee's (2010) findings, it is found that all groups, even advanced learners, are unsuccessful in perceiving consonant clusters. It is therefore implied that an A' score is better than a d' score when we need insight into subjects' overall performance on a perception test. Furthermore, it is hypothesized that a speech perception deficit will be more difficult to resolve than a speech production deficit.

On the Relation between Phonetics and Phonology

장우혁 경희대학교 언어정보연구소 2012 언어연구 Vol.29 No.1

This study examines the nature of the relationship between phonology and phonetics and advocates a modular view in which there is a principled mapping between phonological representations and phonetic expressions. In particular, this modular view is advocated by Laboratory Phonology that can be characterized by two beliefs. First, it is believed that there should be a division between phonetics and phonology. Second, there should be a considerable interconnection between them. Contrary to this modular view, other approaches are somewhat radical in that abstract phonological features are not associated with phonetic facts and that phonetics and phonology are integrated into a single module which is all phonetic. In favor of the modular theory, I propose a principle about phonology-phonetics interface: unmarked items display a wider range of phonetic realization but cannot be realized in a more marked way than their marked counterparts. One representative evidence would be that the higher pitch value of a tone compared with other tones has to be a phonological high tone rather than a low tone. Further discussions about phonology-phonetics interface are done with regard to speech perception and production. It is shown that perception and production data are valid when they are used as phonetic evidence to resolve phonological controversies. On the other hand, the P-map hypothesis seems invalid when dealing with some cases where speech production and perception do not match.

Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Levofloxacin-Resistant E. coli Isolated from Outpatients with Urinary Tract Infection

장우혁,유동훈,박성운 대한비뇨의학회 2011 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.52 No.8

Purpose: Levofloxacin has been widely used because of its broad spectrum and excellent penetration of the prostate. But levofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli (E.coli) has been reported all over the world. We analyzed the annual levofloxacin resistance of E. coli and its risk factors. Materials and Methods: From 2005 to 2009, we retrospectively analyzed patients who had undergone a urine analysis and a urine culture at the Outpatient Section of the Department of Urology of Kwangju Christian Hospital. Among them, we chose 509 patients infected by E. coli and evaluated the resistance rate to levofloxacin and its risk factors. Results: The annual rates of levofloxacin resistance of E. coli were 29.49% in 2005, 26.51% in 2006, 40.21% in 2007, 43.20% in 2008, and 31.75% in 2009. A close correlation with the resistance rate was shown in cases that had underlying neurogenic bladder (p=0.002, odds ratio [OR]=4.236), a history of ciprofloxacin (p<0.001, OR=3.753) and levofloxacin (p<0.001, OR=2.996) administration for at least 48 hours in the past year, urolithiasis (p=0.003, OR=3.317), and older age (p<0.001, OR=1.027). Conclusions: This study from 2005 to 2009 showed that the levofloxacin resistance rates of E. coli were high at over 25%. The risk factors that affected the levofloxacin resistance rates of E. coli were underlying neurogenic bladder, ciprofloxacin administration history, urolithiasis, levofloxacin administration history, and older age. Levofloxacin should be prescribed cautiously in patients with these risk factors until the pathogen is identified.

Dispersion Stability of Multi-walled CNTs in the Presence of Amphiphilic Macromolecules and Their CNT/PMMA Nancomposites

장우혁,조희경,정인우 한국고분자학회 2006 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2006 No.4