품질관리 <건축물의 빈번한 결로하자의 원인 및 대책>

이정철,Lee, Jung-Chul 한국건축시공학회 2002 한국건축시공학회지 Vol.2 No.2

대용량 복수후보 TTS 방식에서 합성용 DB의 감량 방법

이정철,강태호,Lee, Jung-Chul,Kang, Tae-Ho 한국음향학회 2009 韓國音響學會誌 Vol.28 No.6

대용량 음성 DB를 사용하는 음편접합 TTS는 부가적인 신호처리 기술을 거의 사용하지 않고, 문맥을 반영하는 여러 합성유닛들을 결합해 합성음을 생성하기 때문에 높은 자연성을 가진다는 장점이 있다. 중복되는 음편의 감량을 위해서 음성인식분야에서 사용되는 결정트리 기반의 트라이폰 군집화 알고리즘을 사용할 수 있지만 음편 내의 음향적 천이 특성을 반영하기가 어렵고 문맥질의 적용이 체계적이지 못하여 TTS에 바로 적용하기 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 DB감량을 위해 결정 트리 기반의 새로운 음소 군집화 방법을 제안한다. 먼저 음편의 처음, 중간, 끝 3프레임의 각 13차 MFCC벡터를 통합한 39차의 벡터로 음편내의 변이성과 연결성을 표현한다. 결정 트리의 상위부분에서는 포괄적인 문맥질의를 하위부분에서는 세부적인 문맥질의를 적용시켰다. 그리고 기존 결정트리 시스템과 제안된 시스템과의 성능평가를 위하여 평가용 트라이폰 모델의 음편과 트리에서 탐색한 트라이폰 모델의 음편들 간의 음향적 유사도를 DTW를 적용하여 계산하였다. 실험결과 제안된 방법을 사용할 경우 전체 음성DB의 크기를 23%로 줄일 수 있었고, 음향적 유사도가 높은 음편을 선택함을 보이므로 향후 소용량 DB TTS에 적용 가능성을 보였다. Large corpus-based concatenating Text-to-Speech (TTS) systems can generate natural synthetic speech without additional signal processing. To prune the redundant speech segments in a large speech segment DB, we can utilize a decision-tree based triphone clustering algorithm widely used in speech recognition area. But, the conventional methods have problems in representing the acoustic transitional characteristics of the phones and in applying context questions with hierarchic priority. In this paper, we propose a new clustering algorithm to downsize the speech DB. Firstly, three 13th order MFCC vectors from first, medial, and final frame of a phone are combined into a 39 dimensional vector to represent the transitional characteristics of a phone. And then the hierarchically grouped three question sets are used to construct the triphone trees. For the performance test, we used DTW algorithm to calculate the acoustic similarity between the target triphone and the triphone from the tree search result. Experimental results show that the proposed method can reduce the size of speech DB by 23% and select better phones with higher acoustic similarity. Therefore the proposed method can be applied to make a small sized TTS.

FNN과 ANN을 이용한 유도전동기의 속도 제어 및 추정

이정철,박기태,정동화,Lee Jung-Chul,Park Gi-Tae,Chung Dong-Hwa 대한전자공학회 2005 電子工學會論文誌-SC (System and control) Vol.42 No.6

본 논문은 FNN과 ANN 제어기를 이용한 유도전동기의 속도 제어 및 추정을 제시한다. 먼저, PI 제어기에서 나타나는 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 퍼지제어와 신경회로망을 혼합 적용한 FN 제어기를 설계한다. 퍼지제어기의 강인성 제어와 신경회로망의 고도의 적응제어의 장점들을 접목한다. 다음은 ANN을 이용하여 유도전동기 드라이브의 속도 추정기법을 제시한다. 2층 구조를 가진 신경회로망에 BPA(Back Propagation Algorithm)를 적용하여 유도전동기 드라이브의 속도를 추정한다. 추정속도의 타당성을 입증하기 위하여 시스템을 구성하여 제어특성을 분석한다. 그리고 추정된 속도를 지령속도와 비교하여 전류제어와 공간벡터 PWM을 통하여 유도전동기의 속도를 제어한다. 본 연구에서 제시한 FNN과 ANN의 제어특성 및 추정성능을 분석하고 그 결과를 제시한다. This paper is proposed fuzzy neural network(FNN) and artificial neural network(ANN) based on the vector controlled induction motor drive system. The hybrid combination of fuzzy control and neural network will produce a powerful representation flexibility and numerical processing capability. Also, this paper is proposed control and estimation of speed of induction motor using fuzzy and neural network. The back propagation neural network technique is used to provide a real time adaptive estimation of the motor speed. The error between the desired state variable and the actual one is back-propagated to adjust the rotor speed, so that the actual state variable will coincide with the desired one. The back propagation mechanism is easy to derive and the estimated speed tracks precisely the actual motor speed. This paper is proposed the experimental results to verify the effectiveness of the new method.

효율 최적화 제어를 위한 SynRM의 위치 및 속도 센서리스 벡터제어

이정철,정동화,Lee , Jung-Chul,Chung, Dong-Hwa 대한전자공학회 2002 電子工學會論文誌-SC (System and control) Vol.39 No.6

본 논문에서는 최적 효율과 고성능으로 동작하는 SynRM(Synchronous Reluctance Motor)을 위한 위치 및 속도 센서리스 벡터제어를 제시한다. 제시한 제어 방법은 고정자 전압과 전류의 자속 추정에 기초한다. 그리고 동손과 철손을 최소화하는 효율 최적화의 전류각 조건은 SynRM의 등가회로를 기초로 유도한다. 폐루프 위치 및 속도 제어의 연구결과는 최적화 제어의 입증하였다. This paper proposes a position and speed sensorless vector control for Synchronous Reluctance Motor(SynRM) operating at optimum efficiency and high response, in which core loss is taken into account, and discusses the performance of system. The proposed control scheme is based on the flux estimation combined stator voltage and current. In this paper, current angle condition of efficiency optimization which minimizes the copper and iron losses is derived based on the equivalent circuit model of the SynRM. The research result of closed loop position and speed control with efficiency optimization control is given to verify the proposed scheme.

성문파의 추정

이정철,안수길,Lee, Jung-Chul,Ann, Sou-Guil 한국음향학회 1992 韓國音響學會誌 Vol.11 No.3

『계암일록』을 통해 본 17세기 전반 예안현의 부세 상황

이정철(Lee Jung-chul) 고려사학회 2013 한국사학보 Vol.- No.53

This paper is the analysis of the book Gyeam-illok, which was written by Kim Ryeong(1577∼1641), and is focused on the taxes situations of Yean county Gyeongsang province in the first half of 17th century. The previous studies of these kind issues were mainly focused on the viewpoint of the central government, or on the specific individual tax items. However, the main purpose of this study is to figure out the comprehensive taxes situation of the specific area. For the first half of the 17th century, Joseon government was in the financial dilemma. While they strived to restore the broken financial system on the one hand, they should collect huge taxes for the diplomatic costs on the other hand. So, their endeavor for fiscal stability was limited. Even though the management of the land tax got more stable more or less, their actual cost was finally close to triple of regal regulation. The taxes system of Jeoson dynasty, known as the Jo-yong-jo[租庸調], was composed of roughly 3 parts, which were the land tax, the corvee, and the taxes in kind. The real problems were not in the land tax, but in the others. Especially, the core problems were the taxes in kind. So in many local areas, the tributary reform were tried naturally. ‘The Daedong’, which was made by Gyeongsang province governor Gwon Ban in 1613, was one of these reforms. Even though Kim Ryeong had high expectations of ‘theDaedong’, the effects of the ‘the Daedong’ were not as satisfactory as expected. The systems of the corvee, and the taxes in kind were much more complex than that of the land tax. These complexity had high possibility that theses taxes were disorderedly operated. Actually, the system of the corvee, and the taxes in kind was chaotic. However, that complexity itself didn’t meant that there was no principle concerned with the system of the corvee, and the taxes in kind. So far, why the operations of corvee, and the tax in kind in the former half of the 17th century were so chaotic was thought mainly to be caused by the corruptions of officials. Hover, these corruptions were more the results than the causes. The phenomenon of the disorderly taxes situations were caused by the broken national financial system, the traditional autonomies of local financial management, the tremendous increases of the diplomatic costs, which was begun mostly after Imjin waeran etc.

磻溪 유형원의 대동법인식

李廷喆(Lee Jung-chul) 역사학회 2010 역사학보 Vol.0 No.206

The two great wars against the Japanese and the Manchu in the late 1500s and the early 1600s led the Koreans to be involved in a series of debates aiming at the rejuvenation of the dynasty in trouble. Existing studies tend to understand that depending on their different socioeconomic bases, the debaters were divided into two different groups in terms of the goal and method of the reform. In particular, the tribute tax reform was the hottest issue and thus mentioned in detail by a number of scholars such as Yu Hy?ngw?n in provinces as well as officials in the central government. With emphasis on a new understanding of Yu's discourse on the tribute tax reform, this paper examines whether Yu's proposal was really a product of his socioeconomic situation which distinguished him from other reformers. Most proposals for the tribute tax reform of the time took it for granted that the government should first estimate the amount of possible tax in-come and then make a budget: the principle of yangip wich'ul (量入爲出). To all the debaters, the Taedong Law was understood as the most possible plan for the realization of the adult male field system (ch?nj?nje 丁田制), the ideal land system in antiquity, as well as the principle per se. Although Yu seems to have not fully supported the Taedong reform, his point was not an opposition to the reform principle itself but a criticism of the reality in which the principle was compromised and even violated. Since the late 1500s, in short, the debaters and their proposals differed from each other in the extent of the application of the principle to the reality, not in the methodology of the application.

기축옥사 초기 전개 양상 再考

이정철(Lee, Jung-chul) 한국고전번역원 2015 民族文化 Vol.45 No.-

己丑獄事는 본격화 된 순간, 이미 그 원인이 되었던 정여립의 ‘역모’가 실패한 사건이다. 그럼에도 불구하고 이 사건으로 인해서 당시 조정의 동인 측 인물들 다수가 목숨을 잃거나 귀양을 갔고, 사건 종결 후에도 긴 세월 동안 그 정치적 파장이 드리워졌다. 기축옥사에 대해서는 명확하지 못한 점들이 여전히 적지 않다. 사건에 대한 관심이 서인인 정철과 송익필의 기축옥사 조작 여부에 집중되었다는 점과 함께, 빈약하고 부정확한 사료에도 원인이 있을 것이다. 이 두 가지는 서로 결합하여, 불확실한 사항들이 당파적 결론으로 귀결되곤 하였다. 아마도 이것은 이 사건에 대한 연구관점이 여전히 왕조적 울타리 안에 머물러 있다는 것을 뜻할지도 모른다. 하지만 중요한 것은 선조가 어떻게 거의 절대적인 힘을 가지고 기축옥사를 밀고 나갔는지 해명하는 것이어야 할 것이다. 기축옥사에서 선조가 신하들의 발언권을 제압할 수 있었던 일차적 원인은 ‘적가문서’를 장악했기 때문이다. 또 그는 국왕의 지위를 이용해서 ‘적가문서’의 내용을 주관적으로 해석하였다. ‘적가문서’에는 모반에 관한 내용이 없었지만, 선조는 자신의 권위에 대한 도전과 직접적인 모반 행위를 동일시하였다. 선조가 ‘적가문서’에 대한 주관적 해석을 신하들에서 강제할 수 있었던 것이 단순히 그가 왕이기 때문만은 아니었다. 더 중요한 조건은 당시 조정이 분열되어 있었다는 것에서 찾아야 할 것이다. 동 · 서간 갈등으로 가장 큰 정치적 이득을 본 사람은 선조였다. The Jeong Yeo-rip rebellion had already failed when Gichuk-oksa (己丑獄事) began. Nevertheless, because of this incident, many politically important persons were executed or exiled, and its political impact went on afterwards for a long time. Many points of the affair are still dim. This is mainly because the concern for the affair was focused on whether it was fabricated, and historical materials are still lacking and incorrect. These reasons resulted in the factional, and biased conclusion. This research tendency might mean that we still remain within the boundaries of the dynastic concern. However, what is important now is to understand how King Seonjo exercised an overwhelming power over the process of the affair. The reason that King Seonjo exercised his absolute right to judge the affair depended on documents which were found in the house of Jeong Yeo-rip. King Seonjo subjectively interpreted the documents, taking advantage of his royal position. Even though the documents lacked the content of rebellion, King Seonjo identified the challenge to his authority as rebellion. King Seonjo was able to insist on his subjective interpretation. It was not only because of his royal position. More important condition was that then court was seriously divided. King Seonjo was the only person who benefited by the conflict between the Eastern and Western factions.

교육역량이 교육성과에 미치는 영향

이정철(Jung-Chul Lee),박재연(Jae-Yeon Park) 한국해양관광학회 2023 해양관광학연구 Vol.16 No.2

This study attempted to examine how educational competency affects educational performance for college students. This study conducted an analysis on how the educational competency perceived by four-year hotel management college students affects educational performance, focusing on 103 samples collected using the SPSS V21.0. As a result of factor analysis, the concept of educational competency was analyzed as a sub-factor of university competency and teaching competency, and the concept of educational performance was analyzed as a sub-factor of cognitive performance, affective performance, and practical performance. As a result of multiple regression analysis, first, it was analyzed that teaching competency and university competency had a significant effect on cognitive performance. Second, it was analyzed that teaching competency and university competency had a significant effect on affective performance. Third, it was analyzed that teaching competency and university competency also had a significant effect on actual performance, and were adopted for the verification of all hypotheses. It can be said that administrative support at the university level, not at the department level, is indispensable, such as comparison, curriculum, and career special lectures necessary to have various competencies necessary to enter society upon graduation. It shows that students' perceptions of administrative, financial, and facility jobs at the university level have a pivotal impact on educational performance, and that they need a multi-dimensional approach to educational performance. These result values can be said to show implications that educational competency is a very important factor in educational performance.

우리나라 해양레저관광 발전방안 : Blue Tourism을 중심으로

이정철(Lee, Jung-Chul) 한국해양관광학회 2021 해양관광학연구 Vol.14 No.3

This study studied the development plan of marine leisure tourism in Korea, focusing on blue tourism. In the context of a pandemic, a plan for advanced marine leisure tourism was presented. This study has been modified and supplemented to fit the situation of Korea by extracting the part studied by this researcher from the Chungcheongnam-do Marine Leisure Tourism Development Strategy report. In this study, the concepts of marine leisure tourism and blue tourism were presented through theoretical considerations, and the foundation for development plans was laid based on the government s policies and laws related to marine leisure tourism. This study presented development plans in three main aspects. First, based on the Fishing Village New Deal 300 project, which is a fishing village regeneration project, the necessity of blue tourism was presented and a plan for developing marine leisure tourism centered on the villagers was presented. Second, the development plan for coastal cruises and international cruises was presented based on cruise tourism. Korea, which has seas on three sides, suggested a way to attract coastal cruises and international cruises. Third, a development plan using fishing villages and ports was presented with a focus on the 2nd Marina Port Plan. For the development of marine leisure tourism in Korea, many efforts should be made in the future. To this end, the attention and efforts of the government and local governments are required, and even the administrative departments that formulate and implement policies need to understand the precise concept of marine leisure tourism.