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Recent Advances in Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy in Humans: A Systematic Review
이상표,Shin Yoo Seob,강성윤,김태범,이상민 대한면역학회 2022 Immune Network Vol.22 No.1
Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is presumed to modulate the natural course of allergic disease by inducing immune tolerance. However, conventional AITs, such as subcutaneous immunotherapy and sublingual immunotherapy, require long treatment durations and often provoke local or systemic hypersensitivity reactions. Therefore, only <5% of allergy patients receive AIT as second-line therapy. Novel administration routes, such as intralymphatic, intradermal and epicutaneous immunotherapies, and synthetic recombinant allergen preparations have been evaluated to overcome these limitations. We will review the updated views of diverse AIT methods, and discuss the limitations and opportunities of the AITs for the treatment of allergic diseases in humans.
흡입 기관지유발시험의 표준화: Pari - inhalier boy를 이용한 2분 평상호흡과 5회 폐활량 흡입법의 비교
이상표,강윤정,성윤업,김상훈,박인원,최병휘,허성호 대한천식알레르기학회 1994 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.14 No.4
background: Nonspecific bronchoprovocation tes,s play an important roles in the assessment and diagnosis of asthma and now are used popularly in Korea. Results of inhalation provocation tests are quantitative, but a knowledge of what, factors influence these results is essential to be comparable and reproducible from time to time and from laboratory to laboratory. The reponse to inhaled aerosol are influenced by a number of technical and nontechnical factors. The technical fctors include the method of aerosol generation and inhalation, of preparation and storage of test solutions, of measurement of the response, and of expression of results. Nontechnical factors include subject charactristics such as baseline airway caliber, medications, and enbironmental factors such as time of day, respiratory infection, and exposure to allergen. In this study, we evaluated the influence of method for inhalation(2 min tidal breathing versus 5 vital capacity breathing) on the response to inhaled methacholine when using Pari-inhalier boy nebulizer. Methods'. In 180 patients with suspected bronchial hyperreactivity in Chung-Ang University hospital, duplicate methacholine inhalation test were perforrned under identical conditions, except for the method of inhalation which was 2 min tidal breathing(2 min-TB) in one test and 5 vital capacity breathing(5 VCB) in the other. The two methods of inhalation were cross checked in all patients with interval, 1 to 3 days. Baseline and postsaline FEV, were also measured to compare effects by two inhalation methods. Methacholine PC20, was calculated by linear interpolation between the last two data points on the dose-response curve, and the cut- off value of bronchial asthma was 10mg/ml. Results. The rate of positive bronchoprovocation test in 5 VCB was 18.9 % (34/180), which was significantly lower than 55.6 % (100/ 180) in 2 min-TB (p<0.01). Any patient, who was not provocated up to 10 mg/ml of methacholine in 2 rnin-TB, was not provocated in 5 VCB. In 34 patients with positive bronchoprovocation in both inhalation methods, the mean PC, in 5VCB(5VC-PC20) was 3. 37mg/ml, being significantly higher than 0. 785mg/ml in 2min-TB(2min-PC) (p<0.05). In 48 patients with 5VC-PC, < 25 mg/ml, there was a significant positive correlation between 5VC-PC and 2 min-PC20, (R=0.524, p<0.001). Conclusion.' These results emphasize the importance of rnethods of inhalation in bronch- oprovocation tests if results done in different laboratory are to be compared.
이상표,In-Kyung Sung,Jeong Hwan Kim,Sun-Young Lee,Hyung Seok Park,Chan Sup Shim 대한가정의학회 2019 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.40 No.5
Background: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) is a tumor marker whose level is elevated in many types of cancers and other benign conditions. CA 19-9 levels are frequently found to be elevated in individuals during general health examinations. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of such individuals and to determine the need for medical follow-up. Methods: We investigated individuals who underwent a health inspection, including a serum CA 19-9 test, at our center. Their CA 19-9 levels, age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and personal and past histories were investigated. Additionally, subgroup analyses were performed for those who underwent follow-up study for the elevated CA 19-9 levels. Results: Of 58,498 subjects, 581 (1.0%) had elevated CA 19-9 levels. Multivariate analyses revealed that older age, female sex, lower BMI, and diabetes were independent predisposing factors for elevated CA 19-9 level. A subgroup analysis revealed that the causative conditions were identified in 129 of 351 subjects (36.8%). Among them, the causative conditions in 31 subjects (8.8%, including four cases of cancer and 15 of benign tumors) were not detected at the initial check-up and were found during the follow-up period. Conclusion: The use of CA 19-9 as a marker for cancer in healthy individuals is inappropriate. However, medical follow-up in individuals with elevated CA 19-9 levels may be useful because some causative diseases may be detected during follow-up.