Phytophthora infestans와 Fusarium oxysporum의 생장을 저해하는 Bacillus 분리균주들의 항진균성 물질 생성능

이강형,송홍규,Lee, Kang-Hyeong,Song, Hong-Gyu 한국미생물학회 2008 미생물학회지 Vol.44 No.3

대표적인 식물병원성 곰팡이 인 Phytophthora infestans와 Fusarium oxysporum의 생장을 저해하는 근권세균들을 토양에서 분리하여 동정하였으며 이 균주들이 분비하는 항진균성 물질인 siderophore, $\beta-1$,3-glucanase, hydrogen cyanide와 chitinase의 생성능을 조사하였다. 분리균주 중 Bacilus sp. RFO41은 F. oxysporum의 생장을 가장 효율적으로 억제하였으며, siderophore 생성능과 $\beta-1$,3-glucanase의 활성이 가장 우수하였다. 또 다른 분리균주인 Bacilus sp. PS2는 P. infestans의 생장을 가장 많이 억제하였으며, chitinase 활성과 hydrogen cyanide 생성능이 가장 우수하였다. F. oxysporum과 P. infestans에 대한 항진균 효과는 근권세균이 생산하는 siderophore, $\beta-1$,3-glucanase, hydrogen cyanide와 chitinase의 활성에 따라 차이가 있음을 알 수 있었다. Late blight, one of the most important disease in many agricultural crops, is caused by Phytophthora infestans. Fusarium wilt is a vascular disease of many plants caused by Fusarium oxysporum. Some bacteria isolated from rhizosphere were screened for their ability to inhibit the growth of F. oxysporum and P. infestans. Productions of siderophore, $\beta-1$,3-glucanase, hydrogen cyanide and chitinase by 4 isolated strains were examined. Among them, Bacillus sp. RFO41 most effectively inhibited the growth of F. oxysporum. The highest productions of siderophore and $\beta-l$,3-glucanase were shown in the culture of Bacillus sp. RFO41. Bacillus strain PS2 was most effective against P. infestans. PS2 showed the highest production of chitinase and hydrogen cyanide. A significant relationship was shown between the antagonistic effects of isolates against F. oxysporum and P. infestans and their production level of siderophore, $\beta-1$,3-glucanase, hydrogen cyanide, and chitinase.

근권에서 분리한 Bacillus sp.의 적용에 의한 토마토의 생장 촉진

이강형,송홍규,Lee, Kang-Hyeong,Song, Hong-Gyu 한국미생물학회 2007 미생물학회지 Vol.43 No.4

Two bacterial strains isolated from soil (Bacillus subtilis strains: PS2 and RFO41) were evaluated to determine their promoting effect on the growth of tomato seedling under axonic and pot conditions. The production of phytohormone, such as indole-3-acetic acid, indole-3-butyric acid, gibberellin and zeatin by these two strains was investigated as possible mechanisms for plant growth stimulation. Both PS2 and RFO41 were shown to produce various phytohormones, and. the production of phytohormones was stimulated by the addition of peptone-rich brain heart broth medium. In addition, these bacteria exhibited high levels of phosphatase activity, which ranged from 2.18 to $2.7\;{\mu}\;{\rho}-nitrophenol/ml/hr$. PS2 and RFO41 were applied to the pot test for growth of tomato seed with phosphate. Root and shoot lengths of germinated tomato after 15 days were 45.5% and 36.5% longer than that of control in RFO41 treated samples, respectively. Baciller sp. PS2 and RFO41 may have a potential for biofertilizer in the agriculture. 식물호르몬(phytohormone)을 생성하며 불용성 인산 가용화능이 있는 세균을 근권에서 분리하여 각각의 생성능을 조사하고 토마토 씨앗에 적용하여 생장촉진 가능성을 조사함으로써 분리 균주의 생물학적 비료로서의 가능성을 제시하고자 하였다. 분리 균주인 Bacillus sp. PS2와 RFO41은 첨가된 두 종류의 500 mg/L 불용성 인산을 약 80% 이상 가용화 시켰으며, 펩톤이 풍부한 생장배지에서 여러 가지 식물호르몬을 생성하였다. 이를 토대로 토마토 씨앗의 생장촉진 실험을 수행한 결과, PS2와 RFO41이 적용된 실험군의 발아한 토마토모종의 뿌리와 줄기의 길이 생장은 대조군에 비하여 각각 26.8과 34.8% 및 45.5와 36.5%가 증가하였다. 이 결과는 분리 균주인 Bacillus sp. PS2와 RFO41의 인산 가용화능과 식물호르몬의 생성능이 토마토 씨앗의 발아와 생장에 직접적인 영향을 주는 요인으로 작용한 결과라고 판단할 수 있으며, 생물학적 비료로서의 가치를 뒷받침하는 것이라고 할 수 있다.

신장 이식 후 발생한 외측대퇴피부신경병증 1예

이강형 ( Kang Hyoung Lee ),이창근 ( Chang Geun Lee ),박정현 ( Jung Hyoun Park ),신성준 ( Sung Joon Shin ),김경수 ( Kyung Soo Kim ) 대한신장학회 2011 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.30 No.6

A few cases of Lateral femoral cutaneous neuropathy that developed after renal transplantation have been reported in western literature but there is no reported case in Korea. It may develop from one to nine days after surgery; the clinical course is favorable but the incidence is not low. According to the reported cases of western literature, the major causes of lateral femoral cutaneous neuropathy after renal transplantation included steal phenomenon, clamping the internal iliac artery during surgery, direct surgical damage to the vessels supplying the femoral nerve, and direct compression of the femoral nerve. We experienced one case of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve neuropathy after renal transplantation that developed at postoperative day (POD) 7. It was partially improved symptomatically after POD 60, so we reported this case with a brief review of literatures.

정치적 사건에 대한 유권자의 감정적 반응과 정치참여의 관계 : 2004년 대통령 탄핵사건을 중심으로

이강형 ( Gang Heong Lee ) 대한정치학회 2007 大韓政治學會報 Vol.15 No.2

네거티브 선거 캠페인의 효과: 2007년 대통령선거 투표참여를 중심으로

이강형 ( Gang Heong Lee ) 한국지역언론학연합회 2009 언론과학연구 Vol.9 No.2

이 연구는 네거티브 선거 캠페인이 투표참여에 미치는 영향력과 관련하여 두 가지 대립되는 가설(탈동원 효과 vs. 동원효과)을 설정하고, 2007년 우리나라 대통령 선거 당시 행해진 인터넷 설문조사 자료를 이용해 이들의 타당성 여부를 검증하고자 했다. 연구는 또한 정치 광고를 비롯하여 신문과 방송뉴스, 인터넷, 대인 채널 등 유권자들이 접촉할 수 있는 다양한 네거티브 캠페인 유형들이 투표 참여에 미치는 효과를 살펴보고자 했다. 분석결과 네거티브 캠페인이 투표참여를 독려한다는 동원효과 가설이 부분적으로 검증되었다. 특히 다양한 캠페인 유형들 가운데 인터넷을 통한 네거티브 캠페인 메시지 접촉의 효과가 가장 일관성이 있게 나타났다. 즉, 인터넷을 통한 네거티브 캠페인 접촉은 유권자들에게 반대후보에 대한 위협 인식과 박빙승부 인식을 심어줌과 동시에 투표참여에 직접적으로 영향을 미친 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 영향은 지지정당이 없거나 정치지식이 낮은 집단에게서 강하게 나타났다. 인터넷의 효과와 더불어 신문과 방송뉴스를 통한 네거티브 캠페인 또한 투표참여에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 그러나 정치광고의 효과는 나타나지 않았다. This study tried to confirm two competing hypotheses involving the effect of negative campaigns on vote turnout: mobilization vs. demobilization. Considered in the study were the effects of several forms of negative campaigns by political ads, news, internet and interpersonal communication. For this, an internet panel survey was conducted before and after the 2007 presidential campaign periods in Korea. As a result, the study demonstrated that a mobilization effect had the upper hand. Most of all, the negative campaigns through internet had a consistent mobilization effect. The result indicated that exposure to negative information about presidential candidates through internet increased candidate threat and perceived closeness of the election and thereby motivated vote turnout. The study also found that individuals varied in their sensitivity to negative campaigns through internet. In particular, negative information was more consequential for independents and for those with less knowledge about politics. There were also some significant mobilization effects of exposure to negative information in newspaper and television news but no effect of political advertisement.

노인의 외로움과 텔레비전 의존

이강형(Lee, Gang Heong),신동호(Shin, Dong Ho) 동국대학교 사회과학연구원 2018 사회과학연구 Vol.25 No.3

이 연구는 우리나라 노인들의 여가활동 중 가장 많은 비중을 차지하고 있는 것이 텔레비전 시청이라는 사실에 기반 하여 노인들의 외로움(만성적 외로움 vs. 상황적 외로움)과 텔레비전 의존 사이의 관계를 살펴보고자 했다. 연구의 목적은 크게 두 가지였다. 하나는 노인들이 느끼는 두 가지 속성의 외로움이 어디에서 기인하는 지를 알아보고자 하는 것이었고, 다른 하나는 이러한 두 가지 속성의 외로움이 텔레비전에 대한 의존성에 어떠한 차별적인 영향을 미치는 가를 밝혀보고자 하는 것이었다. 농촌진흥청이 전국 농․어촌 가구를 대상으로 실시한 ‘2016년 농어업인 복지실태 조사’데이터를 분석한 결과, 노인들의 외로움은 사회‧인구학적 특성과 상관없이 현재 자신이 당면하고 있는 생활여건과 삶의 만족도 여건의 영향을 많이 받는다는 사실을 확인할 수 있었다. 그리고 ‘만성적인 외로움’을 느끼는 노인들의 텔레비전 의존은 ‘상황적 외로움’을 느끼는 노인보다 훨씬 더 크다는 사실을 확인했다. 이러한 노인들은 텔레비전의 존재와 기능에 대한 관계적 지각과 도구적 지각도 강했고, 프로그램 시청과 상관없이 텔레비전을 습관적으로 켜놓는 경향도 강했으며, 프로그램 시청에 대한 만족도 또한 강했다. This study tried to investigate the relationship between older adults’ loneliness(chronic loneliness vs situational loneliness) and television dependency, including the perception of television, watching behavior, total television viewing time, and the satisfaction of television, as considering the fact that television viewing is the most important leisure activity among Korean older adults. The study had two research goals; one is to find out the causes of two different kinds of loneliness and the other is to investigate how those kinds of loneliness have a different impact on older adults’television dependency. For this, we analyzed the large-scale survey data which were collected from the samples in rural area. Major findings are as follows. First, older adults’loneliness is influenced by their living situation including ‘living alone’ and the satisfaction of life instead of their socio-demographic characteristics such as gender, age, income and educational level. Second, the‘chronic loneliness’has much more impact on the older adults’dependency of television than the‘situational loneliness’in terms of the stronger perception of television, more habitual viewing behavior, and stronger satisfaction of television.

후보 결정에 대한 TV 토론의 영향력에 있어서 정치 환경의 역할

이강형(Lee GangHeong),김춘식(Kim Chun-Sik),양승찬(Yang SeungChan),권혁남(Kwon Hyok-Nam) 한국방송학회 2004 한국방송학보 Vol.18 No.3

유권자의 정치후보에 대한 감정이 정치참여에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

이강형(Lee GangHeong) 한국언론학회 2002 한국언론학보 Vol.46 No.5

This paper investigates the effects of discrete emotions such as anger, fear, hope, and pride toward political candidates on political participation. Construed as the opposite of reason, traditionally, emotions have been dismissed as irrational and private sensations which can not, by definition, play a valid role in public political deliberation. Based on the cognitive appraisal theories of discrete emotions, the paper focuses on the roles of discrete emotions as motives in arousing and sustaining activity or in producing exploratory reaction. I analyzed the five-wave panel survey data which were conducted by the Annenberg School for Communication of the University of Pennsylvania during the 1996 presidential campaign periods. The study was able to offer some modest findings. The results indicate, first of all, that anger and pride, not fear and hope, motivated voters' political participation such as campaign-related activity, or communicative participation. It is in any way surprising that people who really hate one of the candidates are more likely to watch the debates and otherwise be cognitively engaged in the campaign.

대통령 후보의 텔레비전 토론이 후보 이미지 변화에 미치는 효과

이강형(Gang-Heong Lee) 한국언론학회 2004 한국언론학보 Vol.48 No.2

This study examines the effects of televised presidential debates, which are important momentums in the electoral campaign process, on voters' change in candidate image perception. Data came from a series of two surveys during the 2002 Korean presidential campaign periods from October 29 to December 15, 2002. Sample was an random telephone sample of the population in Daegu and GwangJu. Based on a review of the results in previous studies, the study first explored the determinants of voters' candidates image perception so as to detect the independent effect of the televised debates on their change in the candidate image perception. Results shows that the voters' candidate images are explained by various factors such as the issue proximity between a candidate's policy position and a voter's perception of it, and a voter's discrete emotions toward presidential candidates in addition to political party identification and political ideology. After controlling those determining factors of voters' candidate image perception, the study tests three research hypotheses as regards the effects of televised debates on voters' change in candidate image perception: 1) the effects of televised presidential debates will be stronger in the less salient candidate image than the more salient; 2) the change will be stronger in a candidate's image of 'personal character' rather than 'performance perception'; 3) the effects of televised presidential debates will be stronger among the less attentive than the more attentive to the campaigns. The results show that the debates did affect the viewers' change in the 'personal character' image perception of the less salient candidate.

정치후보에 대한 유권자 감정 유발 요인 및 미디어 캠페인 활동의 효과에 관한 연구

이강형(Gang-Heong Lee) 한국언론학회 2006 한국언론학보 Vol.50 No.3

This study explores how voters' cognitive appraisals of presidential candidates would produce discrete emotions toward them such as hope, pride, anger, fear and what impacts diverse campaign communication channels would have on those cognitive appraisals and directly voters' emotions in the 2002 Korean presidential campaign. Based on the cognitive appraisal theory of discrete emotions, the study first found six cognitive appraisal elements such as goal congruency, goal relevance, certainty, moral evaluation, attribution, and coping potential which are presumed to produce four emotions. From these elements derived were five political appraisal elements such as issue proximity, campaign interest, leadership and moral evaluation of presidential candidates, and internal political efficacy. The campaign communication channels included TV political ads, televised presidential debates, newspaper political ads, political news in newspaper and TV, political information on Internet, and political talks. As a result of the two-wave panel survey during the presidential campaigns, the study found that among political appraisal elements campaign interest and voters' evaluation of the candidate's morality and leadership had a strong and consistent impact on four emotions toward the candidates. The study also found that a variety of the campaign communication channels have indirect impacts on the discrete emotions through effecting voters' political appraisals such as moral and leadership evaluation of the candidates. There was no direct effect on voters' emotions except televised presidential debates.