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Nucleocapsid and Spike Proteins of SARS-CoV-2 Drive Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation
윤영진,이유빈,김선화,진희경,배재성,홍창원 대한면역학회 2021 Immune Network Vol.21 No.2
Patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) demonstrate dysregulated immune responses including exacerbated neutrophil functions. Massive neutrophil infiltrations accompanying neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formations are also observed in patients with severe COVID-19. However, the mechanism underlying severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-induced NET formation has not yet been elucidated. Here we show that 2 viral proteins encoded by SARS-CoV-2, the nucleocapsid protein and the whole spike protein, induce NET formation from neutrophils. NET formation was ROS-independent and was completely inhibited by the spleen tyrosine kinase inhibition. The inhibition of p38 MAPK, protein kinase C, and JNK signaling pathways also inhibited viral protein-induced NET formation. Our findings demonstrate one method by which SARS-CoV-2 evades innate immunity and provide a potential target for therapeutics to treat patients with severe COVID-19.
윤영진,문호영,이영호,박용민 한국교류분석상담학회 2014 교류분석상담연구 Vol.4 No.2
본 연구의 목적은 한국사회 성인의 인생태도를 측정하기 위한 TACA형 인생태도 평정척도 개 발 및 타당성을 검증하기 위한 것이다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 개발한 평정 척도를 성인 1,656명(남자 484명, 여자 1,172명)을 대상으로 구인타당도인 요인분석과 문항내적 일관성 신뢰 도를 분석하여 타당성을 검증하였다. 연구결과 첫째, TACA형 인생태도 평정척도 40문항의 구 인타당도인 요인분석 결과 4개의 인생태도 기본자세 별로 문항이 잘 구성되어 있으며, 둘째, 문항내적 일관성 신뢰도를 분석한 결과 인생태도 기본자세 별 문항 구성에서 높은 신뢰수준 을 보이고 있어 일관된 인생태도를 측정할 수 있는 문항임이 밝혀졌다. 셋째, 국내에서 활용 되고 있는 인생태도 평정척도와 본 연구의 인생태도 평정척도 간의 구인타당도 및 문항내적 일관성 신뢰도를 비교분석한 결과 TACA형 인생태도 평정 척도의 요인분석 결과 4개의 요인 으로 묶이지만, 다른 인생태도 평정척도는 회전된 성분행렬을 얻을 수 없었다. 문항내적 일관 성 신뢰도에서도 TACA형 높은 신뢰 수준을 보였고, 국내 활용되고 있는 인생태도 평정 척도 의 문항 일관성 신뢰도도 양호한 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 전국 단위의 성인을 대상으로 최종 검사 후 구인타당도 요인분석을 실시 한 결과 모든 인생태도 기본자세 별로 높은 요인부하량 을 보이고 있고, 문항내적 일관성 신뢰도를 분석한 결과 신뢰 수준이 높게 나타나 일관된 각 각의 인생태도 기본자세를 측정하는데 적합한 문항들로 구성되어 있음이 밝혀졌다. 이와 같은 결과 TACA형 인생태도 평정척도가 한국사회 성인의 인생태도를 측정하는 평정척도로 표준화 하는데 적합한 것이라는 것이 밝혀졌다.
OECD 주요국가(主要國家)의 보험장벽(保險障壁)에 관한 연구(硏究)
윤영진,Yun, Yeung-Jin 대한경영정보학회 1997 경영과 정보연구 Vol.1 No.-
When the international insurance market is expected to change rapidly, the insurance barriers of some key countries in OECD have been studied. Many foreign insurers within the U.S. can enjoy national treatment in their market access, establishement and operations. but it can be viewed as an easy country to access and operate when we understand socio-cultural surroundings more deeply than their laws and regulations Japan, our neighbourhood is seeking the liberalization in the provision of international insurance services by the new insurance law in 1996. However, its main barriers are the official gazette and rules of the administrative authorities. EU, after the intergation, is running after the supervision of home country, to say nothing of the liberalization and the deregulation. The particular protectionist measure might be justified by the corresponding rationale.
윤영진,윤정한,한상우,이준원,성중경,안성균,김장영,유병수,이승환,최경훈 대한심장학회 2011 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.41 No.3
Background and Objectives: Transradial coronary angiography and intervention are increasing in frequency due to lower major vascular access site complications and the potential for early mobilization. However, the small size of the radial artery (RA) is a major limitation of this technique. A sheathless guiding catheter (GC) has recently been introduced that has a 1-2 French smaller diameter compared with the corresponding introducer sheath. This catheter also has a hydrophilic coating along its entire length. We evaluated the feasibility of using a sheathless GC in patients who have small radial arteries. Subjects and Methods: The procedural results were evaluated in patients with small radial arteries (diameter <2.3 mm) who underwent transradial coronary intervention using a sheathless GC. Results: A total of 25 (male: 9) patients with 29 lesions were enrolled. The mean RA diameter was 1.81±0.26 mm. 44% of the patients had stable angina and 50.0% had acute coronary syndrome. The procedural success rate was 93.1%. Two patients (6.9%) had chronic total occlusive lesions that could not be crossed with a guide-wire despite good guiding support. An intravascular ultrasound could be used for all of the treated lesions. Multi-vessel intervention was performed in 29.2% of the patients. Two bifurcated lesions were treated with a kissing balloon technique, and one with a modified T-stenting technique. No catheter related complications were reported. Conclusion: The use of a sheathless GC is feasible in patients with small radial arteries without catheter related complications.