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Cancer Biomarkers in ‘Omics Age
염영일,김선영,이희구,송은영 한국바이오칩학회 2008 BioChip Journal Vol.2 No.3
In spite of the remarkable scientific and technological advances in medicine achieved during the last two decades, cancer incidence is still increasing worldwide and the general ratio of deaths to new cancer cases remains as high as 49% overall, necessitating the discovery of more effective cancer therapeutics and diagnostics. Diagnosis of cancer involves areas like disease susceptibility, detection, prognosis, and monitoring. Biomarkers are the key element of modern diagnostics and their value in medicine is ever increasing. They can be used to diagnose disease risk or presence of disease in an individual, or to tailor treatments for the disease in an individual. Biomarkers are also useful for understanding pathological mechanisms as well as for the development of therapeutics. To date, the role of biomarkers in cancer has been mainly focused to disease detection and prognosis. However, with the personalized medicine coming into practice and thanks to the availability of ‘omics-based enabling technologies following the completion of Human Genome Project, the spectrum of current biomarker application is being rapidly expanded such that considerable emphasis also goes to the role of biomarkers in therapeutic response prediction and pharmacodynamics of drug activity. The ‘omics technologies have been generating huge amount of data for human genomic variations, which can be transformed into cancer susceptibility biomarkers when combined with epidemiological data. The increasing demand for cancer prevention is likely to leverage on the cancer susceptibility biomarkers in the future to eventually accomplish the personalized medicine in the perspectives of cancer prevention. This concept is increasingly becoming an attainable objective as the remarkable innovations in sequencing technology are, sooner or later, very likely to make the age of ‘personal genome’ a reality. We review the current trend of biomarker discovery and application, emphasizing their diverse roles in medical practice and drug development.
염영일 대한기계학회 1988 大韓機械學會誌 Vol.28 No.2
공학의 기본을 이루고 있는 Newton의 역할은 고체역학과 유체역학으로 분류가 되며 고체역학은 다시 정역학과 동역학으로 세분된다. 동역학은 가속의 운동을 가진 물체를 다루는 학문으로 다시 두 부분으로 나누어진다. 하나는 운동학(kinematics)이고 다른 하나는 운동역학(kinetics) 이다. 운동학은 운동자체 즉 속도, 가속도만을 취급하며 운동역학은 운동을 일으키는 힘과 그 결과로 생기는 운동을 연관짓는 학문이다.