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쌍봉사 대웅전의 조영에 관한 고찰 - 탑신부(塔身部)의 구조와 의장을 중심으로 -
양태현,천득염,이재연,Yang, Tae-Hyeon,Cheon, Deuk-Youm,Lee, Jae-Yeoun 한국건축역사학회 2013 건축역사연구 Vol.22 No.1
In Korea, only a few wooden pagodas are extant because some wooden pagodas were lost due to artificial environment like war. Fortunately, only Eight Depictions Hall(Palsangjeon) in Beobjusa temple and main hall of Ssang-Bong Sa the main temple are extant. Though main hall of Ssang-Bong Sa the main temple shows old style in construction and outstanding creativity, survey and investigation for the hall have been poor. Accordingly, this study investigated pillar part, bracket structure part, and roof part composing pagoda body section which actively reflects structure and design skill compared to floor or upper part. And for better understanding, in the part that is similar to pagoda body section of main hall or needs examples, wooden pagoda in China or Japan was referred. Through this investigation, it was known that unique skill applied to main hall of Ssang-Bong Sa the main temple is based on plane in one room ${\times}$ one room - Ssang-Bong Sa the main temple has common form of wooden pagoda in appearance.
본태성 고혈압 환자에 있어서 Losartan(Cozaar^ⓡ)의 효과에 관한 임상적 관찰
양태현,이일,최경환,전희득,송진호,류종철,김두일,김동수 인제대학교 1999 仁濟醫學 Vol.20 No.1
레닌-안지오텐신 계를 차단하는 약물로서 현재 임상적으로 널리 사용하고 있는 유효한 약물은 ACE 억제제이다. 경구 투여로써 유효한 ACE 억제제는 본태성 고혈압, 신혈관성 고혈압 및 심부전증의 치료에 매우 유용하게 사용되고 있다. 그러나 ACE 억제제는 안지오텐신-I에서 안지오텐신-II로 변환을 억제할 뿐 아니라, 강력한 염증 매개체인 bradykinin의 대사를 억제하여 마른 기침이나 혈관 부종 등의 부작용이 발현되어 그 사용에 제한이 있다. 최근 안지오텐신 수용체의 하나인 AT1수용체를 차단할 수 있는 경구용 약제인 안지오텐신-II 수용체 길항제가 개발되어 강압제로 임상에 이용되기 시작하였는데, 이것은 레닌-안지오텐신 계를 효과적으로 억제하여 기침, 혈관부종 등의 약물 부작용 없이 효과적인 강압효과를 나타낸다. 본 연구는 1-3기 본태성 고혈압 환자에게 안지오텐신-II 수용체 길항제인 Losartan을 12주간 투여한 후의 강압효과와 내약성 및 안전성을 평가하고자 하였다. Objective: The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays an important role in the pathophysiology of hypertension and has represented an attractive target for drug intervention in the treatment of high blood pressure. Until recently, angiotensin -converting enzyme inhibitors(ACEIs) were the only clinical relevant means for interrupting this system and have been among the most commonly prescribed drugs for hypertension. Angiotensin-II receptor antagonists(AIIRA) are selective blockers of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and represent an alternative to ACEIs in the treatment of hypertension. Losartan potassium, an orally active, highly selective nonpeptide ATI angiotensin II receptor antagonist, effectively reduces blood pressure by directly blocking receptors. The purpose of this study is to assess the antihypertensive efficacy, safety, and tolerability of losartan in 24 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. Methods and Materials: After the wash-out periods of two weeks duration, 50mg losartan once per day was administrated orally for 12 weeks to 24 hypertensive patients. The dose of losartan was increased to 100mg if the mean sitting diastolic blood pressure exceeded 90 mmHg after a 6 week treatment period. Results: After 12 weeks of losartan therapy, mean reductions in sitting systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure were 21.2mmHg(95% confidence interval 17.5-24), 15.8mmHg(95% confidence interval 13.2-18.3) and 17.3mmHg(95% confidence interval 14.7-19.3), respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the mean reduction of sitting systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure between baseline and 12th week. Losartan was well tolerated without the adverse reactions. There were no clinically significant laboratory changes before and after the losartan therapy. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that losartan given once a day was effective and safe antihypertensive agent in the treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension.
양태현,김두일,김종윤,김일환,김기훈,한양천,김웅,설상훈,김승만,김대경,김동수 대한심장학회 2009 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.39 No.11
Background and Objectives: Triple anti-platelet therapy may produce more potent inhibition of platelet aggregation in patients undergoing coronary stent implantation. We tested whether this effect could be maintained in diabetic patients, where platelet reactivity is increased and the risk of stent thrombosis is higher. Subjects and Methods: Fifty five type 2 diabetic patients who had undergone drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation and chronic anti-platelet therapy (>1 month) were stratified according to the status of anti-platelet therapy. Platelet aggregation after adenosine diphosphate (ADP; 10 μmol/L and 20 μmol/L) stimulation was compared using light transmittance aggregometry between dual (aspirin plus clopidogrel, n=34) and triple therapy (aspirin, clopidogrel plus cilostazol, n=21) groups. Results: The 2 groups had similar clinical and procedural characteristics. Maximal ADP-induced platelet aggregation was significantly lower in the triple therapy group than the dual therapy group (ADP 10 μmol/L, 37.1±15.4 vs. 28.3±11.8, p=0.03; ADP 20 μmol/L, 63.1±15.0 vs. 49.1±15.1, p=0.01), but there were no differences in diabetic treatment (oral hypoglycemic agent vs. insulin) or diabetic control {hemoglobin Alc (HbA1c) ≤7 vs. HbA1c >7}. Conclusion: Triple anti-platelet therapy showed more potent inhibition of maximal ADP induced platelet aggregation in type 2 diabetic patients receiving chronic anti-platelet therapy. This finding suggests that triple antiplatelet therapy may be more effective in preventing thrombotic complications after DES implantation in type 2 diabetic patients. Background and Objectives: Triple anti-platelet therapy may produce more potent inhibition of platelet aggregation in patients undergoing coronary stent implantation. We tested whether this effect could be maintained in diabetic patients, where platelet reactivity is increased and the risk of stent thrombosis is higher. Subjects and Methods: Fifty five type 2 diabetic patients who had undergone drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation and chronic anti-platelet therapy (>1 month) were stratified according to the status of anti-platelet therapy. Platelet aggregation after adenosine diphosphate (ADP; 10 μmol/L and 20 μmol/L) stimulation was compared using light transmittance aggregometry between dual (aspirin plus clopidogrel, n=34) and triple therapy (aspirin, clopidogrel plus cilostazol, n=21) groups. Results: The 2 groups had similar clinical and procedural characteristics. Maximal ADP-induced platelet aggregation was significantly lower in the triple therapy group than the dual therapy group (ADP 10 μmol/L, 37.1±15.4 vs. 28.3±11.8, p=0.03; ADP 20 μmol/L, 63.1±15.0 vs. 49.1±15.1, p=0.01), but there were no differences in diabetic treatment (oral hypoglycemic agent vs. insulin) or diabetic control {hemoglobin Alc (HbA1c) ≤7 vs. HbA1c >7}. Conclusion: Triple anti-platelet therapy showed more potent inhibition of maximal ADP induced platelet aggregation in type 2 diabetic patients receiving chronic anti-platelet therapy. This finding suggests that triple antiplatelet therapy may be more effective in preventing thrombotic complications after DES implantation in type 2 diabetic patients.