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      • KCI등재

        중등학생의 체육 수업 스트레스 요인

        손상영 ( Son Sang-young ),서정남 ( Seo Jung-nam ),이양구 ( Lee Yang-gu ),김민정 ( Kim Min-jung ) 인하대학교 교육연구소 2007 교육문화연구 Vol.13 No.1

        This study examines the stress factors which high school and middle school students experienced in physical education classes and suggests effective methods to deal with them. This current study presents necessary data so that the students can participate in the classes with more desirable directions. The purpose of this study was to investigate stress factors which might be felt by secondary school students in physical education classes. The questionnaires were administered to three middle schools (males=301; females=320) and three high schools (males=440' females=87), 1,148 participants in total. An investigation tool was made by Lee,J,W (2001) using six factors (the contents of the classes, conflicts between friends, lack of self-confidence, the burden of examination, facility and environmental conditions, and complaints about teachers) 30 questionnaires titled, 'Analysis of Stress Factors of High School Students in Physical Education Classes'. The reliability of the constructs in interest was analyzed by Cronbach'a in the questionnaire, and all of them came out to more than 0.9. Physical education classes stress different verifications produced by average and standard deviation. In addition, T-tests were conducted by sex and differences between middle and high school students to investigate main stressors. Differences by the stressors, 'Class, Physical Education points, Physical Education class own estimate of accomplishment, practical use of leisure time' were examined by ANOVA and Duncan. The result of this research was as following: In the case of sex, difference by Physical Education class stressors appeared that female student suffered from stress more than on the whole. Both male and female students indicated higher stress because of 'the burden of examinations' than other factors. In the case of classes, differences by Physical Education class stressors showed that high school students received more stress on the whole (the contents of the class, conflicts between friends, facility and environmental conditions, complaints about teachers). In the case of a middle school students, the mean values of the 'lack of self-confidence' and 'burden of examination' stressors appeared higher. In the case of classes, differences by Physical Education class stressors indicated that a secondary school second-year student had the most stress, and first-year students had less stress. In the case of Physical Education points, differences by Physical Education class stressors were found in all secondary school students that indicated that they suffered from stress. In the case of physical education points, it was found that a 'B ranked' (81~90 points) students suffered from a lot of stress, and an 'A ranked' (91~100 points) students suffered from less stress. In the case of Physical Education class accomplishments, and male students were asked to rate their physical ability as very poor>below average>average>above average>very good. Female students indicated similar tendencies as male students. In the case of most classes, the response 'very poor' for physical ability was the most common among male and female students in secondary school. In the case of practical use of leisure time of by sex, inter-school grade stressors responded by secondary school indicated that the response to 'hardly ever' and 'never' was the most common among both male and female students.

      • KCI등재

        연료전지 다공성막을 통한 수분증발량의 정량적 측정에 관한 실험적 연구

        김종록(Jongrok Kim),김무환(Moo Hwan Kim),손상영(Sang Young Son) 대한기계학회 2012 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.36 No.6

        연료전지 시스템에서 잔류 수분의 제거과정은 연료전지의 성능 및 수명 관리를 위해 중요한 과정이다. 효과적인 수분 제거과정의 설계를 위해서는 연료전지내의 수분 제거 특성에 대한 이해가 필수적이다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 연료전지의 다공성막인 가스확산층을 통한 수분증발량을 정상상태에서 측정하는 실험 기법을 개발하였다. 이 기법을 이용하여 연료전지의 잔류수분 제거 현상을 모사하는 실험장치를 개발하였다. 그리고 건조가스와 가스확산층의 변수가 수분에 미치는 영향을 실험적으로 측정하였다. 건조가스의 습도가 낮고, 유량이 높을수록 가스확산층을 통해 증발되는 수분량이 높았다. 또한 가스확산층의 두께가 얇을수록 수분 증발량이 높은 특성을 확인하였다. Removing residual water in a fuel cell is a critical operational process for managing its performance and controlling its lifetime. Understanding the mechanism of water transport in fuel cells is essential for the design of the water removal process. In this study, an experimental method for measuring the water evaporation rate through a gas diffusion layer, which is a porous medium, under steady-state conditions was developed. Experimental bench tests were conducted to apply the developed method. Then, the effects of various parameters of the drying gas and the gas diffusion layer were experimentally measured. The water evaporation rate increased as the humidity of the drying gas decreased and the flow rate of the drying gas increased. In addition, a thinner gas diffusion layer yielded a higher water evaporation rate.

      • KCI등재
      • 기존의 설계 자료를 활용한 역T형 옹벽의 자동설계 프로그램의 개발

        정진환,계만수,김동석,손상영 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 1999 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.57 No.-

        역T형 옹벽과 같은 비교적 단순한 토목구조물의 설계에는 여러 가지 변수가 반영되어 있다. 이러한 변수에 대해 설계자의 판단이 요구되고, 이것이 설계의 어려운 점이다. 또한 이로 인하여 구조계산에 의한 도면 작성 시 몇 가지 오류가 발생될 소지가 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 오류를 줄일 수 있는 구조계산서 및 도면작성을 한번의 작업으로 수행하는 역T형 옹벽. 설계프로그램을 개발하였다. 이 프로그램은 또한 기존 설계 자료를 데이터 베이스화하여 초보자도 쉽게 설계할 수 있는 가이드라인을 제시하였다. There are numerous factors in designing the structures in civil engineering even for relatively simple ones such as inverted T-type retaining walls. So the designer has to be decide such conditions and this makes the design difficult. Moreover some errors may be made in the drawing works which must be relate the structural calculations. In this study, the design program which makes structural calculations, report and drawings for T-type retaining wall at a time is developed to reduce the manmade errors. This program also suggests some guidelines and systematic data-bases of previously designed examples to make decisions easy.

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