두부제조시 해조류 첨가 효과

백승화,강귀환,최선남 한국식품영양학회 1996 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.9 No.4

두유에 해조류(미역, 다시마, 김, 파래, 청각) 마쇄물을 10% 혼합(대두에 대하여 1∼5%)하여 20% Mgcl_2로 만든 해조두부와 일반두부의 품질특성을 비교한 결과 미역첨가 두부가 가장 양호하였다. 두부수율은 일반두부에 비하여 김, 청각 첨가두부만이 낮았고, 단백질함량은 파래첨가 두부만 낮았다. 해조두부의 관능평가결과 미역첨가 두부가 맛, 색, 조직감이 우수하여 기호성을 향상시킬 수 있었다. 두부의 무기질 함량은 청각첨가 두부가 가장 낮았고, Mg, K, Ca, Na순이었다. 미역의 첨가량이 증가할수록 대조구의 두부보다 수율, 단백질, 및 무기물 함량이 증가하였고, 관능평가결과 1% 첨가시양호하였다. 이때 Ca, K등의 함량이 증가하였다. 미역마쇄물을 1% 첨가한 두부는 경도는 감소하였으나 탄성, 점성, 씸힘성, 껌성이 증가되었고, Hunter색도는 L, a값이 저하되었으나 b값이 증가되었고, 아미노산 함량의 경우 히스티딘, 티로신, 루신, 페닐알라닌만 감소하였다. 티로신과 리신은 뚜렷한 변화가 있었고, 지방산 함량은 포화지방산 및 일가불포화지방산은 증가하였으나 다가불포화지방산은 약간 감소하였다. This study was performed to investigate some quality characteristics of tofu prepared from soybean milk and various seaweed(Undaria pinnatifida, Laminaria japonica, Porphyra tenera, Enteromorpha sp., Codium sp.) pulps in the ratio of 9:1(v:v) with 20% MgCl_2. The yields of tofu containing Undaria pinnatifida, Laminaria japonica, or Enteromorpha sp., increased but Porphyra tenera, Codium sp. decreased in comparison with tofu prepared from whole soybean milk. The protein content of tofu containing Undaria pinnatifida, Laminaria japonica, Porphyra tenera, or Codium sp. increased but Enteromorpha sp. decreased in comparison with the tofu prepared from whole soybean milk. The content of Ca in Undaria pinnatifida, Porphyra tenera added tofu was higher than that of the tofu prepared from whole soybean milk or other seaweeds added tofu. In sensory evaluation the texture. color, taste of tofu were favored with the addition of sea mustard(Undaria pinnatifida) pulp than that of the tofu, prepared from whole soybean milk or tofu, prepared orther seaweed. Tofu prepared was possible with adding 0.5∼1.5% sea mustard to soybean milk but the feasible added amount level was 1% of sea mustard. The yields, protein Ca, and K content of tofu were increased by the more adding amount of sea mustard than of the tofu prepared from whole soybean milk. The hardness values of 1% sea mustard added tofu, were decreased than that of the tofu prepared from whole soybean milk ; on the other hand, elasticity, cohensiveness, gumminess and brittleness of tofu with sea mustard increased. The L and a values of tofu were lower and b valuse were higher with the addition of 1% sea mustard. The content of histidine, tyrosine, leusine, and pyenylalanine were decreased but the other amino acid were increased in tofu prepared from 1% sea mustard pulp added to soybean milk. The saturated farry acid and monoene fatty acid content of tofu were increased and C_18:2, C_18:3(γ), C_18:3, C_20:5, of polyene fatty acid were slightly decreased in tofu prepared from 1% sea mustard pulp added to soybean milk.

Ethel 처리된 토마토의 성분 분석에 관한 연구

백승화,김일광,오인교 圓光大學校 1981 論文集 Vol.15 No.1

Analysis of substance on the Ethrel(2-chloroethylphosphonic acid) sparyed tomatoes and natural growing tomatoes has been inverstigated. The measured results from this study were as followings; 1. Tomatoes are in buffer state of several organic acid. 2. At green state acidity and reducing sugar contents are increased gradually. 3. At after taken, the reducing sugar is increased rapidly. 4. The contents of vitamin C, glucose, protein in Ethrel sprayed tomatoes are not increased.

이동통신사 관점의 모바일 UI 디자인

백승화 한국HCI학회 2006 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2006 No.2

수산화칼슘[Ca(OH)₂] 처리 배지를 이용한 느타리버섯의 재배

백승화,이영일,유기용,한성수,Baek, Seung-Hwa,Lee, Yeong-Il,Yoo, Ki-Yong,Han, Seong-Soo 한국환경농학회 2008 한국환경농학회지 Vol.27 No.4

본 연구는 느타리버섯 재배에 있어 필수공정인 살균공정을 생략하기 위하여 $Ca(OH)_2$를 처리한 배지(이하 무살균 배지라 칭 함)의 주원료와 두께를 달리하여 지리산 야생주 No.1의 종균을 접종한 후 균사의 활착, 잡균의 오염 수준, 균이 (원기)발생 소요일, 수확일을 조사한 결과와 수확된 느타리버섯의 일반성분, 무기물과 아미노산을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 가열살균공정을 생략하기 위한 $Ca(OH)_2$[순도95%]의 처리수준은 건배지의 5%(w/w)이었고, 처리초기의 pH는 11이었으며 균일하게 30분간 혼화시키면 pH 9가 되었다. 무살균배지의 pH가 8과 7일 때 잡균이 각각 50%와 100% 발생되었다. 무살균 배지의 주원료가 폐면보다 옥수수 속대를 사용할 때 느타리버섯의 생산량이 $2,030\;ton\;ha^{-1}$까지 증대되었다. 무살균 배지에 균사를 배양시 균사체 배양종료일은 30일이었고, 그로부터 $2{\sim}3$일이 경과되면 균이가 발생되었다. 무살균 배지의 두께를 $70{\sim}80\;mm$로 치상하고, 온도 $22{\sim}26^{\circ}C$, 배지습도 65%, 배지의 pH $6.5{\sim}7.0$ 조건일 때 균이 발생이 가장 빨라 $22{\sim}28$일이 소요되었고, 배지두께가 두꺼울 수록균이 발생은 지연되나 느타리버섯 수량은 증가하였다. 무살균배지에서 수확한 버섯의 Ca 함량은 1차 수확 버섯이 2차 수확 버섯보다 $30.3\;mg\;kg^{-1}$이 더 많았다. 느타리버섯 자루의 굵기에 따른 아미노산 함량은 1차 수확 버섯의 갓과 자루에서 각각 $498.2{\sim}498.8\;mg\;kg^{-1}$과 $411.16{\sim}343.9\;mg\;kg^{-1}$이었고, 2차 수확 버섯의 갓과 자루에서 각각 $402.37{\sim}498.2\;mg\;kg^{-1}$과 $442.6{\sim}470.4\;mg\;kg^{-1}$ 범위이었다. 이상의 결과는 느타리버섯 재배를 할 때 $Ca(OH)_2$ 처리에 의한 무살균배지의 이용할 수 있음을 시사하고 있다. This research is aimed to investigate the cultivation method of oyster mushroom[Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. ex Fr.) Kummer] at the non-sterilized medium with $Ca(OH)_2$ treatment. Therefore, experiments were carried out to develop non-sterilization method of medium by addition of $Ca(OH)_2$ for omission of heat sterilization progress of medium. General components, minerals and amino acid in Jiri wild type No. 1 (Pleurotus ostreatus) and production cost were analyzed. For the purpose of omission of heat sterilization progress, treatment ratio of $Ca(OH)_2$ (purity 95%) was 5%(w/w) of dry medium. Initial pH of this medium was 11 and then the pH was changed by 9 after the uniform mixing of the medium for half an hour. The various germs occurred 50% and 100% at pH 8 and pH 7 of the non-sterilized medium, respectively. Production of oyster mushroom increased by $2,030\;ton\;ha^{-1}$ when the main raw material used corn pith instead of waste cotton. The time required of mycelium culture was 30 days when hypha was cultured at the non-sterilized medium, and pinhead occurred when 2 or 3 days was passed after the time required of mycelium culture. Occurrence of pinhead was most rapid at the condition of $22{\sim}26^{\circ}C$, 65% humidity and pH $6.5{\sim}7.0$ and required of $22{\sim}28$ days at $70{\sim}80\;mm$ thickness of non-sterilized medium. Ca content in 1st harvest oyster mushroom was higher than that in 2nd harvest one, and its difference was $30.3\;mg\;kg^{-1}$. Amino acid content by stipe thickness of oyster mushroom was ranged from 411.2 to $343.9\;mg\;kg^{-1}$ both in a pileus and a stipe of 1st harvest mushroom, and from 402.4 to $498.2\;mg\;kg^{-1}$ and from 442.6 to $470.4\;mg\;kg^{-1}$ in those of 2nd harvest one, respectively. The results of the present study suggest that the non-sterilization medium by addition of $Ca(OH)_2$ is usable with the cultivation of oyster mushroom.

한국산 생약으로 부터 해독물질의 개발(제6보)-금은화 메탄올 분획의 흰쥐 비장내 카드뮴 축적에 미치는 영향-

백승화,김현주,김영옥,곽정숙,이종섭,박경옥,한두석,유일수 한국독성학회 1996 Toxicological Research Vol.12 No.1

This study was conducted to investigate the antitoxic component in methanol fraction of Lonicerae fios. The results were as follows: 1. When a 500 ppm of water soluble fraction of Lonicerae flos was administered, it showed the highest antitoxic effect. 2. Generally, detoxication effects of methanol fraction of Lonicerae fios increased. 'When the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of Lonicerae fios was administered, it exhibited the highest antitoxic effect against the toxicity of cadmium in spleen.

Application of Control theory to Ballast Water Treatment System Using Arc Discharge

백승화,김희제 제어로봇시스템학회 2014 제어로봇시스템학회 국내학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.5

(±)-6a, 7-Dihydro-1-hydroxy-6, 6-dimethyl-3-pentyl-6H-dibenzo[b, d] Pyran-9(8H)-one의 염소화 반응에 관한 연구

백승화,홍기운,육찬남 원광대학교기초자연과학연구소 1992 基礎科學硏究誌 Vol.11 No.3

(±)-6a, 7-Dihydro-1-hydroxy-6, 6-dimethyl-3-pentyl-6H-dibenzo[b, d] pyran-9[8H]-one 의 염소화 반응은 metal halide와 함께 18-crown-6존재하에 m-chloroperbenzoic acid에 의해 산화반응이 일어났다. 이 반응계에서는 염소화 반응이 방향족 고리에만 선택적으로 일어났다. (±)-6a, 7-Dihydro-1-hydroxy-6, 6-dimethyl-3-pentyl-6H-dibenzo[b, d] pyran-9[8H]-one has been chlorinated in the aromatic ring with metal halide in the presence of 18-crown-6 on oxidation with m-chloroperbenzoic acid. This reagent system effects the regiospecific chlorination of activated aromatic ring over olefinic double bond.

매개변수 위너필터에 의한 근전도 신호처리

백승화,왕문성 명지대학교 1987 明大論文集 Vol.18 No.-

In this paper, we present a method for the estimation of intramuscular electrom-yographic(IM EMG) signals from the surface EMG signals. This method is based on representing the surface EMG signal as an autoregressive(AR) time series model with a delayed intramuscula EMG signal as an input. The parameters of the time series model that transforms the intramuscular EMG signal to the surface EMG signal are identified. The identified model is then used in estimating the intramuscular EMG signal from the surface EMG signal. And all above methods are simulated using Gaussian white noise.

한국산 생약으로 부터 해독물질의 개발(제4보) 흰쥐 간장내의 카드뮴 축적에 미치는 인삼 추출물의 영향

백승화,유일수,이종섭,한두석 한국독성학회 1995 Toxicological Research Vol.11 No.2

This study was conducted to investigate the metallothionein (MT) induction by Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer in cadmium chloride intoxication. The results were as follows: Generally, detoxicatlon effects by Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer extract increased proportionally to the increase of cadmium concentrations. When a 8 mg/g dosage of cadmium was administered, formation of the cadmium and EDTA complex showed the highest antitoxic effect. Also, when a 4 mg/g dosage of cadmium was administered, Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer extract showed the highest antitoxic effect in metallothionein induction. According to the above results, Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer extract administered with cadmium increased metallothionein concentration and decreased the toxicity of cadmium in liver.

만경강 유역의 논토양과 수도체중 Cu 함량의 변화

백승화,류택규,이만상,김성조,김운성,윤기운 한국환경농학회 1994 한국환경농학회지 Vol.13 No.1

수질오염에 따른 Cu의 함량변화 차이를 구명하기 위하여 도시하수 및 공단배출수의 영향을 받는 만경강 유역의 논 토양을 중심으로 1982년도에 표 심토로 구분 채취한 것과 1990년도에 채취한 토양시료를, 그리고 1990년의 토양 시료채취 지역에서 재배된 수도체시료 중 Cu 함량을 분석하였다. 만경강 유역의 토양 중 Cu함량은 5.20-71.70㎎ ㎏^(-1)였다. 평균함량은 1990년도 토양 중의 것이 1982년도 토양에서 보다 높았다. 도시하수 유입지역으로 부터 거리 별 함량변화가 1982년보다 1990년도 토양이 보다 규칙적으로 감소되는 변화를 나타냈다. 수도체의 엽신부위의 Cu함량과 토양중의 Cu, Zn 및 Pb의 함량간에 유의성이 인정되었다. 토양 중 Cu 함량과 토양 중 Zn 및 Pb 함량간에 유의한 상관관계를 나타내고 있어서 Cu가 이들 금속들과 함께 유입되는 오염물질 임을 나타냈다. 이 지역에서 재배된 현미중 Cu함량의 범위는 0.4-10.1 ㎎ ㎏^(-1)이었고, 수도체 부위중 최고 Cu함량은 화서축으로 현미에 비하여 2.3배 높았으며, 엽초 중의 Cu함량은 토양 중 Zn 및 Pb 함량과 상관관계를 나타냈다. To investigate differences with the polluted sources on Cu contents in soils and paddy rices under water pollutions, soils with the distance, the surface(0-15㎝ depth) and subsurface(15-30㎝ depth) in 1982 and 1990, and rice plants at the soil sampling sites in 1990 were separately sample at Mangyeong River area under the influence of municipal and industrial waste water from Jeonju city. Soil samples were extracted with 4M-HNO₃ and plant samples were digested with mixture of HNO₃ and HClO₄ for analyzing Cu, Cd, Zn, Pb by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Cu contents in soils ranged from 5.20 to 71.70 ㎎ ㎏^(-1). Average Cu level in 1990 was higher than that in 1982. Variation of Cu content with the distances from the source of waste water in 1990 was more regularly decreased than that in 1982. A significant correlation was observed between Cu contents in leaf sheath of rice plant and Cu, Zn and Pb contents in soils. Cu contents in soil was correlated with Zn and Pb in soil at area affected by waste water, regardless of years and soil depths. Cu contents in brown rice ranged from 0.4 to 10 ㎎ ㎏^(-1), and it was the lowest in parts of rice plant, and Cu content in panicle axis was 2.3 times higher than that in brown rice.