한국 해군의 협동교전능력(CEC) 발전방향에 관한 연구

남동우 해군대학 2002 海洋戰略 Vol.- No.114

랫드 후각점막내 Zinc 이온의 조직화학적 동정

남동우,손원재,김성주,김용국,김수진,유윤조,정영길,조승묵,Nam, Dong-Woo,Sun, Yuan-Jie,Kim, Sung-Joo,Kim, Yong-Kuk,Kim, Soo-Jin,Yu, Yun-Cho,Jeong, Young-Gil,Jo, Seung-Mook 한국현미경학회 2003 Applied microscopy Vol.33 No.2

본 연구는 후각점막에 내재하는 zinc의 분포를 형태학적으로 뚜렷이 보여준 예가 없기에 조직화학적으로 염색한 후 광학 및 전자현미경으로 이들의 분포를 기술하고자 하였다. 실험동물로는 성숙한 수컷 랫드(SD 계통)를 사용하였다. 우선 동물은 전신마취시킨 후 만들어진 selenium 용액 $100{\mu}l$를 복강에 주사하였고(i.p 실험군), 다른 방법으로는 selenium 용액 $100{\mu}l$를 비강 깁숙히 플라스틱관을 삽입한 후 Hamilton 주사기로 한 방울씩 떨어뜨렸다(i.n 실험군). 후각점막내 zinc를 조직화학법으로 동정하기 위해서 zinc 특이성이 높은 AMG법(Danscher, 1985)을 이용하였다. 각 실험군의 동물은 주사 후 2시간에 이르러 3% Glutaraldehyde 고정액으로 관류함으로써 희생시켰다. 고정후 비중격을 포함하여 후각부위를 떼어낸 수 $30{\mu}l$ 두께의 관상절편을 만들었다. AMG 반응이 끝나면 toluene blue (TB)로 대조염색하고, 알코올과 자일렌 등을 이용한 탈수과정 및 청명과정을 거쳐 광학현미경하에서 관찰하였다. 전자현미경적 절편을 만들기 위해 전자현미경 관찰을 위한 실험으로 vibratome을 사용하여, $100{\mu}m$ 두께의 가로절편을 만들었고, AMG염색이 끝나면 일반적인 전자현미경적 관찰을 위한 일련의 과정을 거쳐 투과전자현미경하에서 관찰하였다. Selenium 용액을 복강에 투여한 i.p 실험군에서는 $30{\mu}m$ 두께의 후각점막의 상층부와 기저부에서 강한 AMG 반응산물(silver grains)이 관찰되었으나 기저막아래 고유판에서는 전혀 관찰되지 않았다. 반면 selenium 용액을 비강점막에 직접 도포한 i.n 실험군에서는 i.p 실험군과 같이 후각점막에서 강한 AMG 반응이 관찰되었을 뿐만 아니라 이러한 반응이 기저막내 후각실의 주행을 따라 관찰되었다. 투과전자현미경으로 관찰된 후각상피에서는 AMG 과립이 지지세포의 세포 상층부에서 관찰되는 분비과립에 국한되는 소견이며, 이곳에서 관찰된 AMG은 과립(silver grains)은 원형 또는 난원형으로 그 크기는 다양하였다. 반면 세포체 하부에서 관찰된 AMG grains은 주로 용해소체위에서 밀집되어 관찰되었으며, 핵주변부 및 세포사이공간(intercellular space)에서는 AMG grains이 낱개로 구분, 관찰되었다. 한편 i.n 실험군에서 관찰된 후각점막의 전반적인 구조가 손상된 소견을 보였으며, 지지세포의 위쪽에서는 전자밀도가 높고 간상의 crystalloid structure가 다수 관찰되었고, 이들 구조에 다수의 AMG 과립이 붙어 있었다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 랫드 후각점막에 존재하는 zinc는 지지세포의 분비과립과 후각세포의 축삭다발인 후각실에서 관찰되었는데 이는 zinc가 후각기능과 매우 밀접한 관련있음을 시사하며, 이는 향후 후각기능과 zinc의 연관성을 연구하는데 소중한 자료가 될 것으로 믿는다. 또한 본 연구의 결과는 후각점막의 이상으로 나타나는 여러 가지 질환의 병리에서 zinc가 영위하는 신경생물학적 기능을 밝히는데 유용한 기초자료가 될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. The present study was designed to demonstrate ionic zinc in the rat nasal mucosa by means of zinc selenium autometallography ($ZnSe^{AMG}$). Rats were given sodium selenide either intraperitoneally (i.p) or intranasally (i.n). Prior to the i.n. administration the rats were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium (30 mg/kg, i.p.). A thin plastic tube coupled to a Hamilton syringe was then inserted into the right nostril and $10{\mu}l$ of the solution was instilled. For the i.p. administration non-anesthetized rats were given $100{\mu}l$ of the sodium selenide solution (10 mg/kg). Control rats were instilled with saline. After 2 hrs survival, the rats were anaesthetized and transcardially perfused with 3% glutaraldehyde. The olfactory area was removed and put into same fixative. The nose was then sectioned ($30{\mu}m$) horizontally, autometallography (AMG) was performed according to Danscher et al. (1997). After silver enhancement, fine AMG grains were scattered in the whole length of the olfactory epithelium containing olfactory receptor neurons, sustentacular and basal cells. However, much higher concentration of the AMG grains occupied near the surface and in the basal region of the olfactory epithelium. Both groups of i.p. and i.n. administration showed almost same level in the concentration of the AMG grains. In i.n. group, few AMG grains were also found in olfactory nerves of the lamina propria, suggesting zinc transport into the olfactory bulb via olfactory axons. At the electron microscopic level, the AMG grains were most entirely found in the supporting cells of the olfactory epithelium, and they were mostly localized in lysosome-like organelles. The i.n. group showed various signs of tissue damage of the olfactory mucosa, where dense concentration of AMG grains were localized at crystalloid structures. The present study demonstrated dense population of ionic zinc in the rat olfactory epithelium. zinc may play a role in the olfactory functioin and in the pathogenesis of the neurodegerative disorders affecting nose.

한국 동해 대륙붕과 대륙사면의 점토광물 분포에 관한 연구

남동우,박용안,문희수 대한지질학회 1993 대한지질학회 학술대회 Vol.1993 No.

8-Hydrocalamenene, Derived from Reynoutria elliptica, Suppresses Constitutive STAT3 Activation, Inhibiting Proliferation and Enhancing Chemosensitization of Human Multiple Myeloma Cells

남동우,송준호,김성무,Shu Yuan Chiang,김지성,정원석,장형진,정상훈,나영순,김성훈,심범상,안광석 한국식품영양과학회 2014 Journal of medicinal food Vol.17 No.3

The identification of the active compounds of herbal medicines and the molecular targets of those compounds is an attractive therapeutic objective. Reynoutria elliptica has been used for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases as a Korean folk remedy. Based on the evidence that anti-inflammatory agents frequently exert antiproliferative activity, we tested two sesquiterpene derivatives, 8-hydrocalamenene (HC) and 8,14-dihydrocalamenene (DHC), for their ability to induce apoptosis and suppress signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activation in multiple myeloma (MM) U266 cells. We found that HC inhibited cell viability in U266, but not in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. HC exerted significant cytotoxicity and induced substantial subG1-phase arrest and apoptosis as compared with DHC. HC inhibited the expression of gene products involved in antiapoptosis (Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL), proliferation (cyclin D1), and invasion (MMP-9), all of which are known to be regulated by STAT3. Furthermore, HC up-regulated cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 and induced apoptosis through the activation of caspase-8, -9, and -3 in U266 cells. Interestingly, HC blocked constitutive STAT3 activation through the inhibition of activation of upstream kinases Janus-like kinase 1 ( JAK1), JAK2, and c-Src and up-regulated PIAS3. Deletion of STAT3 reversed cytotoxic effects and the down-regulation of cyclin D1 and c-myc by HC in MM cells. Finally, this sesquiterpene significantly synergized the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of bortezomib in U266 cells. Taken together, these results suggest that HC is a novel blocker of STAT3 activation which may have a potential in the prevention and treatment of MM.

오늘도 육아 전쟁은 시작되었다

남동우 부산여성가족개발원 2017 여성우리 Vol.- No.57

P-32 : Product Design of Web-based Consulting System for Real-time Optimization of Compressor Systems

남동우,이인범,한종훈 한국화학공학회 2007 화학공학의이론과응용 Vol.10 No.2

Real-time optimization is becoming a hot issue to operate whole plant in the optimized condition because it can increase profitability with low expenses compared to off-line optimization. However, real-time optimization is effective technology, many companies have to pay many expenditures and much time to improve their unit performance. The reason may be that a major percentage of chemical facilities were built in the remote coast and rural areas, whereas most of the experts who can solve the chmical process problems are distributed in the big city. Thus, expert and company have to cosume much time to gather information such as process operating constraints and to review data analysis results make the optimization model. This reearch reports a development effort in applying web-based consulting system for real-time optimization of compressor systems to save energy. This system made by product design methodology helps to overcome the limitations of previous real-time optimization as well as ensure high quality of RTO consulting for those companies located in rural areas having specialized needs.

요통에 대한 침치료 무작위대조군임상연구(RCT)의 FEAS 분석을 통한 계통적 분석 연구

남동우,강중원,김은정,김현욱,송호섭,김선웅,김갑성,이건목,최도영,이재동 대한침구의학회 2009 대한침구의학회지 Vol.26 No.3

Objectives : To review RCTs on acupuncture treatment for low back pain in order to establish a standard acupuncture treatment model in treating low back pain. Methods : RCT articles on traditional acupuncture treatment for low back pain were searched through online database. Study quality was assessed using the FEAS. Results : Ten out of the one hundred six articles searched were reviewed. Among the ten articles reviewed, six articles compared acupuncture treatment with no treatment or non-penetrating sham acupuncture. All six articles concluded significantly positive effect of acupuncture compared to the control. Conclusions : The ideal acupuncture treatment model for low back pain was obtained as follows. A sterile disposable stainless steel(0.30mm×40mm) should be inserted to more than six acupuncture points on the BL, GV and GB meridians such as BL23, BL25, BL40, BL60, GV4 and GB30. Sparrow pecking method to obtain ‘de-qi’ is recommended and repeated stimulation during the 20 minute retention time is necessary. Ideal treatment frequency would be more than one a week for about 7 weeks.

재산화 질화산화막의 기억트랩 분석과 프로그래밍 특성

남동우,안호명,한태현,이상은,서광열 한국전기전자재료학회 2002 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.15 No.7

Nonvolatile semiconductor memory devices with reoxidized nitrided oxide(RONO) gate dielectrics were fabricated, and nitrogen distribution and bonding species which contribute to memory characteristics were analyzed. Also, memory characteristics of devices depending on the anneal temperatures were investigated. The devices were fabricated by retrograde twin well CMOS processes with $0.35\mu m$ design rule. The processes could be simple by in-situ process in growing dielectric. The nitrogen distribution and bonding states of gate dielectrics were investigated by Dynamic Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry(D-SIMS), Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry(ToF-SIMS), and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy(XPS). As the nitridation temperature increased, nitrogen concentration increased linearly, and more time was required to form the same reoxidized layer thickness. ToF-SIMS results showed that SiON species were detected at the initial oxide interface which had formed after NO annealing and $Si_2NO$ species within the reoxidized layer formed after reoxidation. As the anneal temperatures increased, the device showed worse retention and degradation properties. It could be said that nitrogen concentration near initial interface is limited to a certain quantity, so the excess nitrogen is redistributed within reoxidized layer and contribute to electron trap generation.

유착성 관절낭염에 대한 침 및 신경차단술 처치의 임상적 관찰

남동우,임사비나,김종인,김건식,이두익,이재동,이윤호,최도영 대한침구의학회 2007 대한침구의학회지 Vol.24 No.4

유착성 관절낭염 치료에 있어서 한방 치료와 양방 치료의 임상적 고찰 : 동서협진 모델 개발을 위한 기초 연구를 중심으로

남동우,정인태,김주희,박유선,임사비나,이두익,이재동,이윤호,최도영 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 2006 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2006 No.-

Objectives : To observe the effect of acupuncture treatment and western medical treatment on frozen shoulder patients. Methods : 39 voluntary patients were randomly assigned to the Eastern treatment group(E group, n=22) and the Western treatment group(W group, n=17). The E group received acupuncture treatment on LI15, TE14, GB21 and Master Dong's acupuncture points, Shin-gwan and Gyun-joong, twice a week for 4 weeks. The W group received suprascapular nerve block, subacromial injection and trigger point injection, twice a week for 4 weeks. Both groups were instructed to practice self exercise during their daily lives. Evaluations were made before treatment and after treatment using Constant Shoulder Assessment(CSA), Shoulder Pain and Disability Index(SPADI) and the patient's satisfaction concerning the treatment was measured by Visual Analogue Scale(VAS). The obtained data were analyzed and compared. Results : The E group showed significant improvement(p<0.05) according to the CSA and SPADI. The patient's satisfaction scored 5.67 on a scale of 10. The W group showed significant improvement(p<0.05) according to the CSA and SPADI. The patient's satisfaction scored 7.73. But the difference between the two groups were insignificant according to CSA and SPADI. Conclusion : Both acupuncture and nerve block treatment significantly improved frozen shoulder. But the difference of the two treatments was insignificant.