비철 및 희소 금속의 비축 우선순위 결정에 관한 시론적 연구

김의성(Eui-Seong Kim),이용길(Yong-Gil Lee),송용일(Yong-Il Song) 에너지경제연구원 2008 에너지경제연구 Vol.7 No.1

부존자원이 부족한 우리니라에는 원자재의 안정적 확보ㆍ공급이 지속적인 경제성장을 위한 필수적 과제이다. 우리나라 경제발전과 더불어 해외자원에 대한 의존도는 심화되고 있으나 자원파동등에 대비한 민간차원의 대처는 극히 취약한 수준이며, 기간 및 부품산업의 소재가 되는 주요 비철금속 및 희소금속은 거의 100% 수입에 의존하고 있다. 그러나, 해외 주요 원자재에 대한 민간기업의 투자 및 유사시에 대비한 원자재 확보방안이 마련되어 있지 않은 실정인데 비해 우리와 부존자원 환경이 비슷한 일본의 경우 종합상사등을 중심으로 해외 광산 및 제련소에 대한 투자지분이 상당한 수준에 있다. 본 연구는 급변하는 자원 환경 속에서 정부비축의 필요성을 전제로 비철 및 희소 금속 분야의 비축 운선 순위 선정에 관한 내용을 다루었다. 전문가 설문조사를 통하여 공급장애 발생 가능성, 세계 수요 등에 대한 요인들을 심도 있게 고려하여 AHP 방법을 이용하여 비축 기준의 가중치 및 주요 비철 및 희소 금속의 우선 순위를 선정 하였다. 이를 토대로 구체적인 비축물자 선정을 위한 평가항목과 가중치를 확정하였으며, 확정된 선정기준에 의거 현행 비축 대상 물자를 시뮬레이션하여 최종점수를 산출하였다. 본 연구는 정부비축 항목의 설정에 있어 정책적으로 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. Korea, in insufficient natural resource problem, regards stable supply of the raw materials as the essential subject for the sustainable economic growth. With our country economic development, degree of dependence upon the overseas resources is more deepening. Particularly, important nonferrous metals and the rare metals almost depend upon imports. Japan, in the similar condition with Korea, tries overseas direct mining and the refinery compared to Korea. This paper focuses on the priority setting of non-ferrous and rare metals in view of government stockpile policy. For this purpose, specialized survey was conducted about which factors are more important for stockpiling non-ferrous and rare metals. Particularly, possibility of supply obstacle occurrence, world level demand, and others are considered for criteria. Using AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), finalized weights are produced. The research can contribute to the construction of effective stockpile policy.

同一 典據에 대한 退溪 · 高峯 解釋의 差異 硏究 : 「四端七情論辯書」를 中心으로

김의성(Kim Eui seong) 한국동양철학회 2014 동양철학 Vol.0 No.42

The part of which Toegye and Gobong claim each other while using same references is concerned about the relation of psychophysical nature(氣質之性) and original nature(本然之性), the Four beginnings(四端) and Seven Feelings(七情), by extension, nay even nature(性) and feelings(情) and feelings(情) and mind(心). We can find out a direct quote such as; "Joy(喜), anger(怒), Sorrow(哀) and Pleasure(樂)" in 『The doctrine of the mean』and "commiseration(惻隱), shame and dislike(羞惡), reverence and respect(辭讓), and approval and disapproval(是非)" in 『Mencius』for the Four beginnings and Seven Feelings. Specifically, part of the difference in interpretation of references is joy(喜), anger(怒), Sorrow(哀) and Pleasure(樂) of which connected to the Centrality and Harmony(中 · 和). Toegye pointed out that "joy(喜), anger(怒), Sorrow(哀) and Pleasure(樂)" and the Four beginnings are essentially different because those four feelings should unskewed without bias(equilibrium) then available to connect to the Centrality and Harmony(中 · 和). On the other hand, Gobong looks differently because he focuses on how it can be the same by the method of equilibrium. It appears to say as the difference between the interpretation on the primordial nebulous state of the universe(渾淪) of the Four beginnings and Seven Feelings. And the problems, hobal (互發, the mutual issuance of ri and gi), nonequilibrium(不中節) of the Four beginnings and equilibrium(中節) of the Seven Feelings derived from it. We can find difference of understanding out for original nature(性) through "what haven has conferred is called the nature(天命之謂性)" in 『the doctrine of the mean』, "originally good Human Nature(性善) in 『Mencius』, and "by nature, men are nearly alike; by practice, they get to be wide apart(性相近 習相遠)" in 『Confucian analects』. These concerning brings the differences in interpretation in relation between Original nature and Psychophysical nature. Toegye tries to connect Original nature with ri(理) and to retain pure original nature. And he looks at the relation with Psychophysical nature in the inseparable · separable structure of ri(理) and gi(氣). Gobong interprets the relation that Psychophysical nature comes under the tendency of Original nature. The structure of original nature like this plays an important role in justifying the claims on the Four beginnings and Seven Feelings as the Neo-Confucian framework because it is directly connected with Psychophysical nature. The differences of interpretation of passion(忿懥), terror(恐懼), fond regard(好樂), sorrow and distress(憂患) in 『The great learning』brings what appears to see whether viewed as feeling or mind. And also it is divided into understanding what to see whether negative object to be removed or to be properly changed and revealed. In the Four-Seven Debate, Toegye and Gobong try to understand the Four Chinese Classics within the framework of the Theory of Mind and Nature(心性論) but they already had differences from the point of view to understand Neo-Confucianism. It is clearly evident from the differences in interpretation of the references. And, as a matter of fact, the traditional interpretation already has hidden a possibility for this differences. The Four-Seven Debate will be able to be overlooked within the framework of Neo-Confucianism is simply beyond the nature of debate for the feelings. 조선 시대 성리학의 論辯들은 자신의 주장을 정당화하기 위해 문헌적 근거를 제시한다. 그러나 동일한 典據를 제시한다고 해도 해석에 있어서는 차이를 보인다. 退溪와 高峯의 四端七情論辯에서도 典據의 제시와 해석의 차이는 중요하게 나타난다. 논문에서는 四端七情論辯의 주장을 통한 典據의 해석상 차이와 그에 따라 파생되는 문제들을 살펴본다. 그리고 四書의 주석들을 중심으로 성리학적 논의들을 살펴보고 이를 통해 四端七情論辯을 조망해 봄으로써 논쟁의 중요한 맥락을 살펴보고자 한다. 退溪와 高峯이 동일한 典據를 사용하면서 주장하려고 하는 부분은 四端과 七情의 관계, 氣質之性과 本然之性의 관계에 대한 것이며 더 나아가 性과 情과의 관계, 情과 心과의 관계까지를 포함한다. 情에 대한 해석 차이로 『中庸』의 "喜 · 怒 · 哀 · 樂"과 『孟子』의 "惻隱 · 羞惡 · 辭讓 · 是非"는 四端 · 七情에 대한 직접적인 인용으로 나타난다. 구체적으로 典據에서 해석의 차이가 생기고 있는 부분은 "喜 · 怒 · 哀 · 樂"이 中 · 和로 연결되는 것이다. 退溪는 "喜 · 怒 · 哀 · 樂"이 中節해야만 中 · 和로 연결될 수 있기 때문에 四端과는 본질적으로 다른 것이라고 보는 반면, 高峯은 中節이라는 방법으로 같아질 수 있다는 것에 초점을 두고 있다. 이것은 곧 四端과 七情의 渾淪에 대한 해석의 차이로 나타나며 여기서 理 · 氣 互發의 문제와 四端의 不中節과 七情의 中節에 대한 문제가 파생된다. 性에 대한 이해의 차이는 『中庸』"天命之謂性" · 『孟子』"性善" · 『論語』"性相近 習相遠"에 보인다. "天命之謂性"과 "性善"은 本然之性으로 "性相近 習相遠"은 氣質之性으로 이해하며 둘의 관계 속에서 해석의 차이가 생긴다. 退溪는 本然之性을 理와 연결하며 純善性을 확보하려 하고 理 · 氣의 不離 · 不雜 구조 속에서 氣質之性과의 관계를 본다. 高峯은 本然之性에 氣質이 포함되어 있는 것으로 氣質之性을 해석한다. 이러한 性의 구조는 情의 구조와 직접 연결되고 있어 四端 · 七情의 주장을 성리학적 틀로 정당화하는데 중요한 역할을 한다. 『大學』의 "忿懥 · 恐懼 · 好樂 · 憂患"에 대한 해석의 차이는 情으로 볼 것인가 心으로 볼 것인가로 나타난다. 이것은 "忿懥 · 恐懼 · 好樂 · 憂患"이 부정적인 제거의 대상인가 아니면 적절히 변화시켜 드러내야하는 것인가의 이해로 나뉘게 된다. 四端七情論辯에서 退溪와 高峯은 四書를 성리학적 心性論의 틀로 이해하고자 하지만 이미 둘은 성리학을 이해하는 관점에서부터 차이를 갖고 있다. 이는 典據 해석의 차이를 통해 나타나며 기존의 주석에도 그와 같은 내용들을 찾아볼 수 있다. 여기에는 존재론적인 해석의 상충이 중요한 쟁점의 요소가 아니라 성리학의 틀 속에서 이해되는 자신의 시각이 중요한 요소로 자리 잡고 있다.

지연된 의도적 재식술을 통한 치주 조직 재생 방법의 고찰

김유경(You-Kyoung Kim),김동주(Dong-Ju Kim),이은웅(Eun-Ung Lee),임현창(Hyun-Chang Lim),이중석(Jung-Seok Lee),정의원(Ui-Won Jung),윤정호(Jeong-Ho Yun),김의성(Eui-Seong Kim),이승종(Seong-Jong Lee),최성호(Seong-Ho Choi) 대한치과의사협회 2015 대한치과의사협회지 Vol.53 No.7

Purpose: Delayed intentional replantation was introduced as a new alternative to treat the teeth with severe periodontal involvement. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the possibility of delayed intentional replantation and establish theoretical backgrounds. Materials and Methods: Studies were performed into the following two subjects; ① Clinical evaluation of patients who underwent delayed intentional replantation using clinical and radiographic data. Severe periodontitis involved teeth were carefully extracted and proper time for delayed replantation was evaluated by analyzing inflammation markers (IL 6, TNF α). ② Theoretical studies for efficacy of delayed intentional replantation using ( ) Epigallocatechin 3 gallate (EGCG) for preservation of periodontal ligament cells on root surface by minimizing inflammation and treatment of inflammatory extraction sockets. Results: Meaningful success ratio and survival rate were found in delayed intentional replantation showing reduced bone loss and maintained bone level. Additionally, viability of EGCG applied periodontal ligament cells was much higher than control group. Also, EGCG promoted healing of inflammatory extraction sockets by inhibiting inflammatory cell proliferation. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, 1 2 weeks after extraction is an appropriate time to do delayed intentional replantation. Also, EGCG provides helpful effects on viability of periodontal ligament cells and periodontium.

8-10세 아동에서 Ⅲ급 부정교합의 구성요소에 대한 측모 두부방사선계측학적 연구

김형돈(Hyung-Don Kim),유대진(Dae-Jin Yoo),김일규(Il-Kyu Kim),오성섭(Seong-Seob Oh),최진호(Jin-Ho Choi),오남식(Nam-Sig Oh),김의성(Eui-Seong Kim) 대한치과교정학회 2000 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.30 No.2

Ⅲ급 부정교합을 치료하기 위한 여러 치료 방법들이 소개되었고 치료 방법은 술자의 선호 도와 경험, 그리고 치료성공률과 같은 술자에 관한 것이 아니라 환자가 갖고 있는 문제에 따라 선택되는 것이 바람직하며 따라서 환자가 갖고 있는 문제를 정확히 파악하는 것이 중 요하다. Ⅲ급 교정부합의 구성요소에 대한 연구들이 보고된 바 있으나 그 결과는 인종과 연 령에 따라 각기 다양하게 보고되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 성장 변형 치료의 대부분이 행해 지는 시기인 8-10세의 우리나라 성장기 아동을 대상으로 Ⅲ급 부정교합의 본질을 나타내는 다양한 구성요소들을 알아보아 환자가 갖고 있는 문제를 파악함으로써 적절한 치료 방법의 선택에 도움을 주고자 Ⅲ급 부정교합을 보이는 125명의 8-10세 환자들의 측모 두부방사선 규격 사진을 이용하여 McNamara 방법에 의해 4가지 수평요소와 1가지 수직요소를 계측한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. Ⅲ급 부정교합은 한가지의 임상적 실체가 아닌 악골과 치아의 다양한 상태의 조합으로 구성되어 있었다. 2. 상악골 후방 위치가 Ⅲ급 부정교합자들의 가장 흔한 특징이었다. 3. 상악 전치는 대부분 후방 위치하였다. 4. 하악 전치는 대부분 전방 위치하였다. 5. 하악골은 정상적 위치인 경우가 많았으나 전돌과 후퇴도 있었다. 6. 수직적으로는 과도한 성장 양상을 보이는 경우가 많았다. 이상의 결과로 우리나라 성장기 아동의 Ⅲ급 부정교합에서는 수직적 성장 억제와 상악골 의 수평적 성장 촉진에 대한 치료 기법들의 적용이 많은 경우에서 더욱 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Many treatment approaches of Cl Ⅲ malocclusion have been introduced and the choice of treatment should be a function of the individual problem, not of the clinician(personal preference, experience and success rate of the operator). Therefore a function of the individual problem should be analysed exactly. Much has been written in the orthodontic literature concerning the nature of Cl Ⅲ malocclusion. It has been reported by many investigators that a Cl Ⅲ malocclusion occurs in a variety of skeletal and dental configurations by differences of race and age. Lateral cephalometric radiographs of 125 individuals were studied for the presence and distribution of four horizontal components and one vertical component in a manner similar to McNamara. The results were as follows 1. Cl Ⅲ malocclusion is not a single clinical entity. It can result from numerous combinations of skeletal and dental components. 2. Maxillary skeletal retrusion was the most common single characteristic of the Cl Ⅲ sample. 3 Only a small percentage or the cases in this cases in this study exhibited maxillary dentoalveolar protrusion. 4. Only a small percentage of the cases in this study exhibited mandibular dentoalveolar dentoalveolar retrusion. 5. Mandible was usually well-positioned, but a wide variation was observed. 6. A large percentage of the cases in this study exhibited excessive vertical development. Thus, it appears that in designing the ideal treatment regime, those approaches which might restrict vertical development and promote maxillary horizontal growth could be more appropriate in many cases.

자가 치아 이식술에 사용되는 Computer Aided Rapid Prototyping model(CARP model)의 실제 치아에 대한 오차

이성재(Seong-Jae Lee),김의성(Eui-Seong Kim),김기덕(Kee-Deog Kim),이승종(Seung-Jong Lee) 대한치과의사협회 2006 대한치과의사협회지 Vol.44 No.2

신경감압술을 이용한 외상성 안면신경마비의 치험례

김일규(Il Kyu Kim),이성호(Sung Ho Lee),오성섭(Sung Sup Oh),최진호(Jin Ho Choi),오남식(Nam Sik Oh),김의성(Eui Seong Kim) 대한구강악안면외과학회 2000 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.26 No.3

Return of facial nerve function is important in patients with facial nerve paralysis by trauma. Sometimes, delay in diagnosis of facial nerve paralysis make recovery of facial nerve function difficult. Traumatic facial palsy mostly occur after temporal bone fracture in unilateral. Temporal bone fracture after head trauma are divided into the three group; longitudinal fracture, transverse fracture and mixed fracture. The most common symptoms are hearing impairment, bloody otorrhea, loss of consciousness and facial nerve paralysis. The early care of temporal bone fracture involves facial nerve paralysis. And there has been many discussion and study in the treatment of the immediate or delayed facial palsy ; examply, surgical approach, time and methods. We have managed a patient with unilateral facial nerve paralysis after longitudinal temporal bone fracture in mastoid process and conservative facial nerve decompression was performed. We have obtained good result and report this case with review of literatures.

구강 악안면 영역에 발생한 대상 포진 환자의 치험례

김일규(Il Kyu Kim),최진호(Jin Ho Choi),정승록(Sung Rok Jeong),오성섭(Seong Seob Oh),오남식(Nam Sik Oh),김의성(Eui Seong Kim) 대한구강악안면외과학회 2000 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.26 No.3

Herpes zoster is acute viral infection characterized by the appearance of vesicles that occur on the skin and mucous membrane along the pathway of an involved sensory nerve. The incidence is increased in those who have history of trauma, malignant tumor, radiation therapy and the immuno-suppressive drug users. Although herpes zoster is usually as benign viral infection, complications may occur especially when cranial nerves are involved. So careful treatment is necessary when cranial nerves are involved. We have treated two cases. One is involved trigeminal nerve mandibular branch, another maxillary branch. We have used conservative therapy, pain control, acyclovir on this area and obtained good result. After 17 and 8 months respectively, no complications occur in our two cases. So we present two cases with review of literature.

베체트병환자의 치험례

김일규(Il Kyu Kim),윤승환(Seung Hwan Yun),오성섭(Sung Seop Oh),김형돈(Hyung Don Kim),최진호(Jin Ho Choi),오남식(Nam Sik Oh),김의성(Eui Seong Kim) 대한구강악안면외과학회 2000 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.26 No.2

Behcet’s disease is a chronic, multisystemic disorder which is more frequently seen in the Mediterranean basin, Middle East, and Far East. The mean age at the first onset is third decades. In large series of patients, men predominate over women. Infectious agents, immune mechanisms, and genetic factors are implicated in the etiopathogenesis of the disease. Eyes, skin, joints, the oral cavity, blood vessels, and central nervous system are usually involved, although less frequently the heart, lung, kidney may be affected. The prognosis of the disease has been improved because of early diagnosis and suitable treatment. Local remedies and systemic administration of colchicine, corticosteoids, immunosuppressives, and other agents have been applied. Pathergy, or skin hypersensitivity to needle puncture has been reported as a diagnostic test for Behcet’s disease. We have managed a Behcet’s disease patient with pathergy test & corticosteroids therapy. We have obtained good result and report this case with review of literatures.

측두하악장애의 예후에 관한 임상 연구

최진호(Jin Ho Choi),김일규(Il Kyu Kim),오남식(Nam Sik Oh),김의성(Eui Seong Kim),오성섭(Seong Seob Oh),이성호(Seong Ho Lee),양동환(Dong Hwan Yang) 대한구강악안면외과학회 2000 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.26 No.5

This study is comprised of data obtained from the files of 346 patients with temporomandibular disorders. All patients were diagnosed, treated and followed in the Department of Dentistry at the Inha university hospital, Incheon, Korea. The patients had treated with medications, physical therapy, occlusal splint and arthrocentesis. The study data were obtained from the medical records and telephone interviews that were conducted by research assistants. The results were as follows 1. The patient’s main complaint was pain(77%), and mouth opening limitation was 17%. 2. An analysis of the medical records of the 346 patients disclosed that 82% were improved and 17% had no improvement when they were dismissed. 1% of the patients had become worse during therapy. 3. A success rate of 82% was achieved when medication assisted physical therapy was included. In the current status at the telephone interview, 270 patients(89%) reported that they were doing well with 56% describing themselves as asymtomatic and 32% experiencing only minor residual or recurrent symptoms. 11% regarded themselves as unimproved and worse. 4. In the current status of the unsuccessfully treated patients by medications and physical therapy, 64% of patients were doing well(3% as asymptomatic and 56% as only minor residual or recurrent symptom). But 36% of patients was reported as unimproved and worse. 5. TMJ has a remarkable adaptive potential and TMJ disorder has a natural history of spontaneous fluctuations and favorable prognosis during the subsequent natural course. 6. In the treatment of the temporomandibular disorders, there is a treatment ladder, starting with the simplest and least expensive treatment, that is ascended until resolution of the patient’s symptoms occur. These findings suggest that conservative reversible therapies are both sufficient and appropriate for management of temporomandibular disorder in most patients. Major alterations of mandibular position or dentoalveolar relationships do not appear to be necessary for obtaining either short term or long term success and therefore they can be generally regards as inappropriate treatment for this disorder. The fact that physical therapy is non-invasive and does not appear to be fraught with irreversible changes, makes it a very applicable vehicle in the area of clinical TMJ disorder management.

치근단 수술의 성공과 실패에 관한 고찰

안현정(Hyun-Jung Ahn),정일영(Il-Young Jung),김의성(Eui-Seong Kim),이승종(Seung-Jong Lee) 대한치과의사협회 2002 대한치과의사협회지 Vol.40 No.11