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김원찬 한국교육연구소 2006 한국교육연구 Vol.11 No.1
In the 1990's, many countries initiated active reforms to transfer their educational systems from a centralized administrative control model to a decentralized self-managing one by adopting School-Based Management policy. This policy is in line with the basic objectives of primary and secondary school reforms to implement the principles of decentralization and democratization. The primary and secondary school reforms aims at creating diversified and specialized schools by way of overcoming the regulation of bureaucracy and reflecting the diverse needs of students, parents, communities. In this regard, many countries introduced a brand new school model calling “self-managing school model” to these schools to be managed independently of the traditional bureaucratic administrative control. In this model, the Government delegates overall range of decision making power in the areas of curriculum, staffing, financing, student recruitment. This study analyses the background, the status, and the framework of the newly introduced self-managing schools in Korea, USA, UK, and Australia. Each country introduced a regulation-free self-managing school model named as “Ja Yul(autonomous) School”, “Charter School”, “Academy School”, “the Schools of the Future”. This study analyses and compares the degree and continuum status of autonomy of these four types of schools by designingtwo or three criteria in each area of curriculum, staffing, financing, student recruitment. In Korea, in 1998, even though the Government laid a legal ground for introducing self-managing schools, the Government is reluctant to generalize to many schools, and does not initiate any further effort to enact an independent Law to set up the new school model. In addition, this new school model policy is not backed up by substantial reforms to transfer current centralized administrative system in Korea. The weakness of this policy is one of the fundamental problems in the implementation of school reforms to change the ineffectiveness of public school system. In USA, and UK, the Governments enacted a special Law to allow “Charter Schools”, and “Academy Schools” a very independent legal status to be opted out and managed under a regulation-free framework. The Governments delegated to a great number of schools overall range of decision making power in the areas of curriculum, staffing, financing, student recruitment. Above all, these two school models have in common spectacular decentralization in the regulation-free management in the areas of curriculum and staffing. In Australia, eight State Governments initiated various school reforms, each reform has in common self-managing school framework towards the system of decentralization, delegation, and de-regulation of bureaucracy in the new 21C. This school reform of each State Government is also influenced by the model of School-Based Management. The Schools of the Future, one of the most famous school reform model in Victoria Government, represents a self-managing school model and shows a striking transfer toward a decentralized administrative system in the areas of staffing and school financing.
다결정 실리콘을 이용한 p+n 다이오드의 누설전류 개선
김원찬,이재곤,최시영 ( Weon Chan Kim,Jae Con Lee,Sie Young Choi ) 한국센서학회 1996 센서학회지 Vol.5 No.1
To decrease the leakage current of p^+n junction diode with hyperabrupt structure, the 3000Å polysilicon was deposited on the top of conventional p^+n diode and then annealed for 30 minutes at 900℃ in the N₂ ambient. It was estimated for both p^+n diodes with and without polysilicon layer, and the impurity materials of n diffused layer to observe the influence of the polysilicon layer on leakage current characteristics. The leakage current was reduced to the order of 3 by using polysilicon layer. A large number of dislocation loops, which were believed to be generated by As-implanted diffused layer, were found to be removed by using polysilicon through TEM analysis.
소시호합육미지황탕(小柴胡合六味地黃湯)이 간의 생화학적 이상에 미치는 영향에 대한 임상보고
김원찬,이지영,김진아,장혜진,Kim, Won-Chan,Lee, Ji-Young,Kim, Jin-Ah,Jang, Hae-Jin 대한한방내과학회 2006 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.27 No.4
Objectives:The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of SosihohapYukmijihwang-tang on seven patients with biochemical abnormality of the liver. Methods: SosihohapYukmijihwang-tangwas administered to patients for over 10 days continuously. Tests of their AST, ALT, r-GTP, ALP were taken before and after taking medicine. Results: Through this method, we found a positive effect of taking this herbal medicine on biochemical abnormality of the liver. Conclusions: The results suggest that taking this herbal medicine not only reduces hepatotoxicity, but also improves liver function. We need more study about this.