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국내 사용 후 화학촉매제품의 재자원화 현황 및 향후 방향
김영춘,강홍윤,Kim, Young-Chun,Kang, Hong-Yoon 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2017 資源 리싸이클링 Vol.26 No.3
화학촉매제품은 석유화학공정, 대기오염방지시설, 자동차 배기가스 정화 장치 등 다양한 분야에 적용되고 있다. 국내외 화학촉매 시장은 매년 증가하고 있는 추세이며, 그에 따라 발생되는 폐촉매량도 증가하고 있다. 탈황 폐촉매, 자동차 폐촉매 등 대부분의 사용 후 화학촉매제품은 유가금속을 함유하고 있어 경제적 가치와 자원 확보 측면에서 매우 중요한 순환자원이다. 이에 일부 도시광산업체를 통해 유가금속을 회수하는 재자원화 공정이 상용화 되어 있고, 사용 후 SCR 탈질 촉매제품은 일부 재제조를 통해 자원순환되고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 사용 후 화학촉매제품의 재자원화 산업 지원 정책 수립의 기초자료로 활용이 가능하도록 주요촉매제품별 국내 발생량 및 재자원화 현황을 조사 분석하였으며, 사용 후 화학촉매제품의 자원순환 활성화를 위한 발전과제를 제시하였다. Chemical catalyst products are applied to various fields such as petrochemical process, air pollution prevention facility and automobile exhaust gas purifier. The domestic and overseas chemical catalyst market is increasing every year, and the amount of waste catalyst generated thereby is also increasing. Most of the used chemical catalyst products, such as desulfurized waste catalysts and automobile waste catalysts containing valuable metals are important recyclable resources from a substitute resource point of view. The recycling processes for recovering valuable metals have been commercialized through some urban mining companies, and SCR denitration catalysts have been recycled through some remanufacturing companies. In this paper, the amount of domestic production and recycling of major catalyst products have thus been investigated and analyzed so as to be used as basic data for establishing industrial support policy for recycling of used chemical catalyst products. Also tasks for promoting the recycling of used chemical catalyst products are suggested.
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김영춘(Young-Chun Kim),김정숙(Jeong-Sook Kim) 한국관세학회 2006 관세학회지 Vol.7 No.4
We can conclude that it is meaningful in deducing policy alternatives hereafter, for a researching model has been verified even if the ubiquitous environment has not been introduced extensively, according to an empirical analysis about the introduction of new Ubiquitous technology into customs service. The analysis says that ubiquitous environment customized by individual characteristics and positive uses of ubiquitous appliances are not yet far-reaching. It can be said that ubiquitous appliances are being utilized by constructing the ubiquitous environment according to work characteristics such as investigation or consignment surveillance tasks. And support and education of top managements are not yet positively accomplished. The level of practical use is comparatively high because work characteristics compel the use of the ubiquitous appliances once the ubiquitous environment is established. The linkage with the level of the practical use is low because there are not many cases in which the ubiquitous environment is established. That is to say, we can say that the general environment for the ubiquitous is not yet mature even if we ourselves are ready for accepting the new ubiquitous technology. On the other hand, the level of satisfaction is high once the direct use of new ubiquitous technologies is implemented.
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김영춘(Young-Chun Kim),류건우(Geun-Woo Ryu),신승호(Seung-Ho Shin) 한국관세학회 2007 관세학회지 Vol.8 No.4
Rapidly changes of customs administration environments have enlarged missions of customs administration, and in turns effected to critical extent to each mission and peripheral spheres. Thereafter, it is requested that paradigm of risk managements need to be reflected mainly from stereotypical exposure in individual levels and sporadic short term outcomes to intelligent and long term outcomes in institutional levels. It is essential to have customs controls for obtaining a compliance of tariff statutes in customs administration, and customs controls must adopt the techniques of risk managements which are down for risk analysis on determining scopes of related inspection, measurable strategy on compliance of law and regulations, establishment of collateral relationship among nations including screening control, strengthening collaboration networks between trade agents and customs, facilitating IT and e-Commerce, evaluation of traders' business system. Forthcoming overall risk management system must have multi-functional securing systems following as ; first, minimizing vulnerability and building up strength to obtain ex ante prevention, secondly, minimizing threatening accidents, thirdly, restoration and revision of generating loss satisfying customers, fourth, sustainable growth responding changes.
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김영춘(Kim, Young-Chun),조문택(Cho, Moon-Taek),이충식(Lee, Chung-Sik),주해종(Joo, Hae-Jong),유종현(Yoo, Jong-Hyun),송호빈(Song, Ho-Bin) 한국산학기술학회 2010 한국산학기술학회 학술대회 Vol.- No.-
본 논문에서는 가상현실 고소공포증 치료를 위한 원격진료 시스템을 제안하였다. 제작된 가상현실 시뮬레이터를 원격진료시스템에 연결시켜 원격지에서 PC를 통하여 작동시킴으로써 고소공포증 치료를 시도할 수 있도록 하였으며, 전문의가 환자 상태를 체크할 수 있도록 생체 신호를 전문의에게 전송하고 질문지를 온라인상으로 답변할 수 있는 시스템을 적용하였다.
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김영춘(Young-Chun Kim),최해범(Hae-Bum Choi),김정숙(Jeong-Sook Kim) 한국관세학회 2014 관세학회지 Vol.15 No.2
This paper is aimed at addressing Chokepoint 5 of the Supply Chain Connectivity Framework Action Plan (SCFAP): “Burdensome Procedures for Customs Documentation and Other Procedures (including for Preferential Trade),” as adopted by APEC, so that APEC member economies may figure out how to reduce cost and simplify procedures in trade. Current Status and Challenges is below. The first, Improve Conditions for Regulatory Environment Related to Issuance of C/Os to Offer Preferential Trade Benefits. Some APEC member economies even require importers to submit C/Os for entry of goods receiving non-preferential treatment. Such unnecessary documentation requirement. The limited effective period leads to an unnecessary waste of time and cost in certificate issuance. Also, some economies demand excessive documentation, such as B/L or packing list for logistics, in addition to required documents for C/O issuance. The second, Electronic System for Clearing Goods That Can Adapt to Future Technologies. Most APEC members have built an electronic customs clearance system for export and import declaration. Any economies where the shipping, unloading, transshipment or cargo in transit, other than manifest, cannot be declared through such an electronic system may contribute to delaying the export/import clearance process. Solutions is below, The first, Part of improving conditions for regulatory environment related to issuance of C/O to offer preferential trade benefits, guidelines or recommendations on a variety of effective periods of C/Os under the FTAs among APEC members should be prepared and utilized so that the short-term effective period of C/Os should not serve as a chokepoint. Any documents for simple reference or irrelevant to origin should be excluded from those required for supplementary procedures. The Second, For an electronic system for clearing goods at the border that can adapt to future technologies regarding online/electronic forms, export/import clearance procedures needs to be an uninterrupted process for enhancing an electronic clearance environment for the application of preferential treatment.
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김영춘(Young-Chun Kim),송태섭(Tae-Seup Song),류건우(Geun-Woo Ryu) 한국관세학회 2011 관세학회지 Vol.12 No.2
Value added tax system of China is implementing it's role as an important tool for the transformation of China, from planned economy to market economy, and has enormous effects on importing and exporting strategies of Korean companies toward China. In this paper, the contents of reform of value added tax system of China, which was carried out in the year 2009 to solve the contradictions occurred in the process of development in tax collection system and expansion of economic scale, are presented. To compare the value added system of China with that of Korea, the type of China system is a consumption type like Korea, the kinds of tax rates are more various than those of Korea, the calculation method is the same as Korea, the number of the objects of tax exemption and 0-rate is smaller than that of Korea, the kinds of imposition period and tax payment is more various than those of Korea, and the drawback system on export material is different from that of Korea. In this point, an improvement scheme to Korean tax system can be deduced from this that various consumption taxes including customs tax and value added tax are combined and also collected together, and thus simplification of national tax collection system and comprehensive adjustment of the total consumption amount home and abroad compared to domestic total manufacturing amount are attained. And, by doing this, export drawback system of Korea as a fund supporting export companies can be utilized as an another policy which will encourage the FTA negotiations of Korea changing her adverse condition to a more aggressive and stronger position.
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김영춘(Young-Chun Kim),구본국(Bon-Kook Koo),장문국(Mun-Gug Jang),지학배(Hag-Bae Ji),한상보(Sang-Bo Han),박재윤(Jae-Youn Park) 대한전기학회 2011 전기학회논문지 Vol.60 No.11
The goal of this paper is to find an operating conditions of the single direct ethanol fuel cell such as the cell temperature, and flow rates of ethanol and oxygen. To investigate the output characteristics, the electrical current increased from 0[A] with interval of 0.001[A] every 2[s], and the cell voltage was increased until the voltage became 0.05[V]. Related to the effect of the cell temperature, the output characteristics both voltage and power were increased upto 80[℃] according to the increase of the current density, but those were decreased over that temperature. In addition, the optimal flow rate of ethanol in anode was identified as of 2[mL/min] due to the dependence of generation rate such as the hydrogen ion and electron. And the flow rate of oxygen in cathode was desirable to about 300[sccm/min], it might be affected by the chemical reaction rate of the water formation among hydrogen ion, electron, and oxygen. Consequently, the fundamental conditions were identified in this work, and it will be carried out to find the best conditions of membrane by the effect of the plasma surface treatment, and the effect of other catalysts except for a platinum.
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