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김부성,김석윤,Kim, Boo-Sung,Kim, Seok-Yoon 대한전자공학회 1999 電子工學會論文誌, C Vol.c36 No.8
빠르고 정확한 결과를 얻기 위해서 타이밍 수준에서의 회로 해석이 이루어지며, 게이트와 연결선에서의 신호 지연 해석은 회로의 설계 검증을 위하여 필수적이다. 본 논문에서는 CMOS 회로 게이트에서의 지연 시간과 연결선의 지연 해석을 위한 초기 천이 시간을 동시에 계산할 수 있는 방법을 제시한다. 회로 연결선의 유효 커패시턴스 개념을 이용하여 게이트의 지연 시간과 게이트에서의 구동 저항을 고려한 연결선 선형 전압원의 천이 시간을 계산한다. 게이트 지연과 연결선 선형 전압원의 천이 시간을 구하는 과정은 예비 특성화된 게이트 타이밍 데이터를 이용하여 반복적인 연산과정을 통하여 동시에 구하게 된다. 기존의 게이트 지연 계산 알고리즘은 연결선 선형 전압원의 천이 시간을 위해 별도의 게이트 특성 데이터를 필요로 하였으나, 본 논문에서 제시하는 방법은 계산 과정 중에 생성된 데이터를 이용함으로써 현재의 예비 특성화 방법을 수정하지 않고서도 효율적인 타이밍 수준의 게이트 및 연결선 지연 시간 예측이 가능하도록 하였다. Timing-level circuit analyses are used to obtain fast and accurate results, and the analysis of gate and interconnect delay is necessary to validate the correctness of circuit design. This paper proposes an efficient algorithm which simultaneously calculates the gate delay and the transition time of linearized voltage source for subsequent interconnect delay calculation. The notion of effective capacitance is used to calculate the gate delay and the transition time of linearized voltage source which considers the on-resistance of driving gate. The procedure for obtaining the gate delay and the transition time of linearized voltage source has been developed through an iterative operation using the precharacterized data of gates. While previous methods require extra information for the transition time calculation of linearized voltage sources, our method uses the derived data during the gate delay calculation process, which does not require any change in the precharacterization process.
2009년 국내 Influenza A의 대유행과 급성 A형간염 발병률의 감소
김부성 ( Boo Sung Kim ),박재우 ( Park jae woo ),변진명 ( Jin Myung Byun ),김상균 ( Sang Gyune Kim ),( Yuan Yuan Zhang ),김영석 ( Young Seok Kim ),정승원 ( Soung Won Jeong ),장재영 ( Jae Young Jang ),홍수진 ( Soo Jin Hong ),문 대한소화기학회 2012 대한소화기학회지 Vol.59 No.5
Background/Aims: There was a spiking incidence of acute hepatitis A (AHA) in 2009 summer, but it went down drastically after an outbreak of influenza A (H1N1). We assessed the relationship between 2009 H1N1 pandemic and AHA prevalence from August to December 2009. Methods: We compared AHA cases nationwide and in our hospital for the period from the latter half of 2008 to the end of 2010. H1N1 cases in our hospital from August 2009 to December 2009 were included in the study and the correlation between 2009 H1N1 pandemic and AHA prevalence was assessed. Results: The national surveillance system reported 2,233, 7,895, 15,231 and 7,660 AHA cases from 2007 to 2010, respectively. A similar trend was noted in our hospital in the same periods. Although the national total incidence was increased in 2009, it showed steep decreasing trend line in the final 21 weeks of 2009 (weeks 32-52), as compared with 2008 and 2010. The mean weekly incidence percentage (AHA cases in a week/total in a year) in weeks 32-52 of 2009 was 1.17±0.55%, significantly lower than that in 2008 and 2010 (1.61±0.43% and 1.56±0.51%; p<0.001). Furthermore, we found a significant negative correlation between 2009 H1N1 pandemic and AHA in our hospital for weeks 32-52 of 2009 (r=-0.597; p<0.001). Conclusions: The widespread occurrence of 2009 H1N1 pandemic highlighted the benefits of health care and good hygiene, such as effective hand washing and wearing of masks, which may have also interrupted hepatitis A virus transmission. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2012;59:360-365)
김부성(Boo Sung Kim),박석영(Suk Young Park),임계순(Kae Soon Im),김영우(Young Woo Kim),백남종(Nam Jong Baeg),박준철(Jun Chul Park),신호균(Ho Kyun shin),김석영(Suk Yong Kim) 대한소화기학회 1987 대한소화기학회지 Vol.19 No.2
Adenomatous polyps of the stomach have a well-defined risk for malignancy. As lesions become increasingly seesile and of increasing size, the risk of cancer increases. Recently most peduncleated or small sessile polyps can be removed with an electrocautery snare during gastroscopy. But endos- copic removal of larger sessile polyps or those with abroad pedicle may cause severe bleeding, so such lesions should be removed surgically. We experienced a flat carpet type adenomatous polyp of the stomach. A'e did endoscopic Nd-YAG laser therapy without complications.
김부성(Boo Sung Kim),박석영(Suk Young Park),임계순(Kae Soon Im),김영우(Young Woo Kim),백남종(Nam Jong Baeg),한준열(Joon Yeol Han),김석영(Suk Young Kim),박준철(Jun Chul Park) 대한소화기학회 1987 대한소화기학회지 Vol.19 No.2
A palliative treatment technique for esophageal carcinoma using endoscopic Nd - YAG laser therapy is described in 10 patients for whom no curative therapy is possible. Tumors ranged in length frorn 5 to 9 cm with a mean 7.2 cm and luminal diameter ranged from 1 to 5 mm with a mean of 2 mm. The mean number of treatments required to remove obstruction was 5.9 (range 3-12) and the time required to archieve successful luminal opening ranged from 6 to 28 days (mean 13.1 days). The mean total energy required was 33601 Joules. In 10 of 11 cases of treatment, clinical, endoscopic, radiographic improvement was noted. One relapse of dyspnea was successfully managed by the same procedure. Tracheoesophageal fistula occurred in 1 of 11 cases of endoscopic laser therapy. The overall results show that the endoscopic laser therapy relieve dysphagia, the most frequent symptom, rapidly and effectively. Endoscopic laser therapy will be an important palliative treatment of esophageal carcinoma.
위 정맥류 출혈에 대한 내시경적 정맥류 폐색술, 내시경적 정맥류 결찰술, 역행성 경정맥 위정맥류 폐색술 간의 치료효과 비교
김부성 ( Boo Sung Kim ),박재우 ( Park jae woo ),민슬기 ( Seul Ki Min ),김상균 ( Sang Gyune Kim ),김영석 ( Young Seok Kim ),배준용 ( Jun Yong Bae ),이종찬 ( Jong Chan Lee ),김홍수 ( Hong Soo Kim ),정승원 ( Soung Won Jeong ),장재영 대한소화기학회 2011 대한소화기학회지 Vol.57 No.5
Background/Aims: Endoscopic variceal obliteration (EVO), endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL), and balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (BRTO) are used to manage gastric variceal bleeding. We compared the re-bleeding rates and survival times of these modalities. Methods: The study enrolled 103 patients with suspected gastric variceal bleeding between July 2001 and May 2009. For the management of gastric variceal bleeding, 52 patients underwent EVO; 36, EVL; and 15, BRTO. We evaluated their laboratory results and vital signs, and calculated the Child score, Child classification, and Model for End-stage Liver Disease score. Rebleeding was defined as new-onset hematemesis, hematochezia, melena, or endoscopically proven bleeding. Time-to-rebleeding and survival time were examined by Kaplan-Meyer analysis. A value of p<0.05 indicated statistical significance. Results: There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics among the three groups. The overall follow-up period averaged 65.13 months. During follow-up, rebleeding occurred in 17 patients (11 EVO, 5 EVL, and 1 BRTO). The times-to-rebleeding were 63.59, 75.79, and 51.41 months for EVO, EVL, and BRTO, respectively, and did not differ significantly (p=0.515). The median survival times were 77.42, 70.14, and 42.79 months, respectively, and also were not different significantly (p=0.978). Conclusions: There were no significant differences in the time-to-rebleeding or survival time among EVO, EVL, and BRTO. Further prospective, large-scale studies are needed. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2011;57:302-308)
아데포비어 구조요법을 받은 라미부딘 내성 만성 B형 간염 환자에서 간세포암종 발생 빈도
김지현 ( Jihyun Kim ),이세환 ( Sae Hwan Lee ),최강혁 ( Kanghyug Choi ),이윤나 ( Yun Nah Lee ),정승원 ( Soung Won Jeong ),김상균 ( Sang Gyune Kim ),장재영 ( Jae Young Jang ),김영석 ( Young Seok Kim ),김홍수 ( Hong Soo Kim ),김부성 대한간암학회 2013 대한간암학회지 Vol.13 No.2
Background/Aims: Suboptimal virological response to adefovir (ADV) rescue therapy was commonly experienced in patient with lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B. The aim of this study is to compare occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) of patients with adefovir rescue therapy to naive patients with entecavir. Methods: Electronic medical records of 156 patients with lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B who treated with ADV and of 186 naive-patients who received entecavir 0.5 mg, as control group, were reviewed retrospectively. Study subjects were matched using estimated propensity score and 107 matched subjects in each group were analyzed. Cumulative occurrence of HCC was evaluated during antiviral therapy and the association between clinical variables and development of HCC were analyzed using Kaplan-Meyer curve and risk factor for HCC was evaluated with Cox-proportional hazard model. Results: Age, gender, Child-Pugh score, underlying cirrhosis, HBeAg, and HBV DNA level were not different in both groups, except treatment duration with ADV or entecavir (mean 52.6±17.5 vs 46.7±11.4 months, P=0.004). Cumulative virological response rates were 16% and 42% in patient with ADV rescue therapy and 68% and 85% in naive-patients received entecavir at 1 and 3 years (P<0.001), respectively. HCC were diagnosed in 6 of 107 patients with lamivudineresistance and 9 of 107 naive-patients during follow-period and cumulative occurrence rates of HCC was not different between both group (P=0.308). Cumulative occurrence rates of HCC in total 214 subjects were 2.3%, 4.8%, and 9.6% at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. Age, underlying cirrhosis, and baseline HBV DNA level were associated with the occurrence of HCC, however gender, HBeAg status, ADV rescue therapy, and cumulative virological response were not correlated in univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, age (P=0.008) and underlying cirrhosis (P=0.002) were independent risk factors for occurrence of HCC. Conclusions: Long-term ADV rescue therapy in patients with lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B did not increase the occurrence rates of HCC.