사회적기업 창업의지에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 연구

김덕호 ( Dug Ho Kim ),정문기 ( Moon-gi Jeong ) 한국행정연구원 2017 韓國行政硏究 Vol.26 No.3

본 연구는 사회적기업의 창업의지에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 실증적으로 분석하였다. 사회적 기업의 활성화는 창업이 전제되어야 하는데, 일반 기업의 창업에 관한 연구는 그간 경영학계를 중심으로 활발히 진행되어 왔지만, 사회적기업의 창업에 관한 연구는 시작단계에 있으며, 창업의지에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 연구는 미흡하다. 이에 본 연구는 사회적기업의 창업에 관한 선행연구들을 검토하고, 사회적기업가 육성프로그램 참여자들을 대상으로 이와 관련한 인식을 설문조사를 통해 자료를 수집하여 분석하였다. 분석결과, 기업가정신과 사회적 가치지향성, 정부지원제도는 사회적기업 창업의지에 유의미한 정(+)의 영향을 미친 반면, 개인의 인적네트워크와 통제변수들은 통계적으로 유의미한 영향을 미치지 못했다. 이와 같은 결과는 사회적기업 창업의지를 높이기 위한 정부의 역할이 중요하며, 특히, 실패에 대한 부담을 줄이는 제도적 장치와 사회적기업가를 육성하기 위한 체계적인 교육을 마련하고, 정부 지원제도를 효과적으로 운영하여야 함을 정책적 함의로 제공한다. The purpose of this study is to analyze which factors might affect entrepreneurial intention to establish social enterprise. This analysis is based on the assumption that there might be a distinction between social enterprise and private enterprise in starting business. It means that social enterprise is an organization which is engaged in business activities of producing and selling goods and services while pursuing a social purpose of enhancing the quality of local residents` life by means of providing social services and creating jobs for vulnerable groups. This study examined previous research and literature related to the theme, and analyzed data collected through a survey and in-depth interviews of people participating in academic and educational for social entrepreneurs. The result shows that entrepreneurship, social value orientation, government support programs for business as independent variables in the research model had a significant effect on entrepreneurial intention to establish Social Enterprise. On the other hand, human network and all of the control variables had no significant effect. The result suggests that there are many factors to be managed in terms of government support in boosting and encourage entrepreneurial intention for social enterprise, and it is particularly important to provide an institutional strategy to reduce burdens for business failure and to manage government support programs effectively.

부모의 경제력이 자녀의 진학과 임금에 미치는 영향

김덕호 ( Kim Dug Ho ) 한국생산성학회 2021 生産性論集 Vol.35 No.2

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of parent’s economic status on their children’s education and wages. It starts with a criticism that in recent, the economic status of parents has been handed down to the child generation due to educational opportunities distributed unequally in Korea. For the analysis, the study uses data from the 2016 Graduates Occupational Mobility Survey(GOMS) which consists of a sample of about 25,000 people, 3~4% of college graduates nationwide. Using the data, the study conducts chi-square analysis to examine whether parents' income level and asset size affect their children's college rankings. One-way ANOVA is also conducted to examine whether college ranking and parent’s economic status affect their children’s wage level. We found, as a result of the analysis, first that the higher the income level of parents and the larger the asset size, the higher the children's college rankings. This means that there is a strong relationship between the parents' economic status and the children's academic achievement. In particular, it was found that the children of parents who are at the highest level economically go to university at the highest level in many cases. Second, It was found that college rankings have an effect on wages. The wage average of the top college graduates was particularly higher than that of the other groups. This shows how the ranking of universities influences employment in the Korean labor market. Third, parents' economic status also affected their children's wages in the labor market. The hierarchical regression analysis conducted additionally in the study also empirically proved the hypothesis, which means that economic inheritance is taking place in the high-income class of our society. The study presents the following implications in education and labor market policies in terms of productivity. First of all, efforts are needed to ensure that educational opportunities are equally distributed at the policy level. This is because individuals demonstrate their abilities through education, and education can contribute to productivity improvement and social cohesion when making the individual's ability to be fully exercised. Next, in the areas where educational opportunities are distributed unequally, it is necessary to supplement them with labor market policies. As the technology-intensive digital economy progresses in recent years, a higher level of education is required than in the past, and there is a growing possibility that the gap in the labor market will widen depending on the financial support of parents. Therefore, the study proposes to increase dramatically the participation of low-income people in high-quality and expensive education and training courses.

민원기관 통합조직의 특성이 조직효과성에 미치는 영향 - 고용복지플러스센터를 중심으로 -

김덕호 ( Dug Ho Kim ),김세운 ( Sae Woon Kim ),정문기 ( Moon Gi Jung ) 한국정책학회 2017 韓國政策學會報 Vol.26 No.2

본 연구는 민원기관 통합조직인 고용복지플러스센터의 조직특성이 조직효과성에 미치는 영향을 실증분석 하였다. 고용복지플러스센터는 조직·인사·예산·지휘체계에서 독립성을 유지한 기관들이 물리적으로 한 공간에 입주하여 협업을 통해 대민서비스를 제공하는 독특한 통합모형이라는 점에서 정책당사자와 연구자들의 관심을 받고 있다. 이와 관련 본 연구는 조직통합과 조직효과성에 관한 선행연구들을 검토하고, 고용복지플러스센터 직원들을 대상으로 이와 관련한 인식을 설문조사를 통해 자료를 수집하여 분석하였다. 분석결과, 독립변수로 설정한 통합조직의 특성인 과업의 전문성, 리더십과 조직문화가 조직효과성에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 통제변수 중의 하나인 종사상 지위는 조직효과성에 부(-)의 영향을 보였다. 이와 같은 결과는 향후 고용복지플러스센터 추진에 있어 조직특성 차원에서 관리해야 할 요인들이 많으며, 특히 역량 있는 관리자와 인력을 배치하여 화학적 융합을 이루어야 함을 함의로 제공한다. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of organizational characteristics on organizational effectiveness in the Employment Plus Center, which provides services such as employment, welfare, and micro-finance to the public, The Center has received attention from policy makers and researchers because it is a unique integrated model in that each team maintains independence in the system of personnel, budget, direction and supervision although the teams are gathered in one place. This study examined previous research and literature related to the theme, and analyzed data collected through a survey and in-depth interviews of staffs working in the Center. As the result of that analysis, professionalism, leadership and organizational culture as independent variables in the research model had a significant effect on organizational effectiveness. On the other hand, status in work, one of the control variables, showed a negative effect on organizational effectiveness. The result suggests that there are many factors to be managed in terms of organizational characteristics in fostering and developing the Employment Plus Center, and it is particularly important to deploy highly competent managers and manpower in the Center.

청년 취업성공패키지 프로그램이 노동시장 성과에 미치는 영향

김덕호(Kim Dug-Ho) 한국노동연구원 2020 노동정책연구 Vol.20 No.1

본 연구는 청년 취업성공패키지 프로그램이 개인의 노동시장 성과에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 분석을 위하여, 2016년 대졸자직업이동경로조사(GOMS)자료를 활용하였으며, 취업에 미치는 영향에 대해서는 로지스틱 회귀분석 모형을, 고용형태, 임금수준, 직장만족도에 미치는 영향에 대해서는 프로그램 참여집단과 비참여집단 간 성향점수매칭(PSM) 후 두 집단 간 차이분석과 조절효과 분석모형을 활용하여 그 성과를 규명하였다. 분석결과, 동 프로그램 참여는 취업에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타난 반면, 임금수준과 직장만족도에서는 참여집단이 비참여집단보다 오히려 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 이는 일반적으로 자신이 원하는 곳에 취업하지 못한 청년들이 동 프로그램에 참여하며, 참여자는 상대적으로 취업의지가 높고 취업상담과 알선의 도움을 받기 때문이다. 이러한 결과는 현재처럼 노동시장이 분절된 상황에서 제대로 된 취업상담과 직업훈련을 제공하지 못할 경우 질좋은 일자리로 이행하기가 어려우므로 프로그램을 구성하고 있는 취업상담, 직업훈련, 취업알선이 충실히 이루어져야 한다는 함의를 제공한다. The Employment Success Package program appears to have a positive effect on improving chances of employment, which is a quantitative indicator of employment. This is because participant’s willingness to find jobs is high and private agencies tend to concentrate on improving their placement rate to ensure commissioning of the program from the government. However, the quality of jobs such as employment type and wage level has been poor due to poor quality of programs and irrelevant job matching under the dual structure of the labor market intensified since the 1997 financial crisis. The participants are not likely to be able to escape from the secondary labor market if Employment Success Package Program does not provide in-depth counseling and training. Therefore, the government needs to innovate the Program so that participants can design their career path in the longer term.