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이덕무(李德懋)의 김창협(金昌協)비평 수용 연구 -이규보(李奎報)에 대한 비평을 중심으로-
김경 ( Kim Kyung ) 민족어문학회 2016 어문논집 Vol.- No.78
본고는 李德懋의 비평형성에 있어서 金昌協과의 영향관계를 파악하고자 하는 것이다. 즉 이덕무가 어떤 경로로 김창협의 비평관을 접하게 되었고, 무엇 때문에 김창협을 적극적으로 수용하려 하였는가라는 의문을 구명한 것이다. 이를 위해 李奎報 漢詩에 대한 비평에 한정하여 김창협의 「雜識外篇」 25칙과이덕무의 「李春卿」을 비교분석하였다. 먼저 이덕무가 유독 農巖系 문인들 중 李縡의 문하생들과 교유양상을 보여주는 것은 처가의 영향이라 할 수 있다. 또한 이들 문하생 중 이덕무와 직접적인 교류를 보인 인물은 金鍾厚와 金用謙인데, 특히 김용겸은 이덕무가 김창협의 문풍을 수용하는 과정에 있어 가장 큰영향을 준 인물이었다. 다음으로는 이규보 한시에 대한 비평인 김창협의 「잡지외편」 25칙과 이덕무의 「이춘경」을 비교분석하였다. 이덕무가 김창협의 비평에서 주목한 점은 첫째는 치밀한 비평과 전대 비평에 대한 비판적 수용태도이고, 둘째는 창작 태도와 관련된 작가에게 요구되는 내적수양의 중시였다. 이덕무와 김창협은 주자학을 바탕으로 하면서도 문예영역에서 유연한 자세를 보인다는 측면에서 유사한 면모를 확인하였고, 이를 통해 이덕무의 이러한 비평태도가 김창협과 연계되어 있다는 점 역시 알 수 있었다. 하지만, 창작에 있어서 이덕무는 작가의 내적조건보다 창작태도를 우선시 하였는데, 이는 김창협의 비평을 재해석하려는 태도였다. 따라서 이덕무는 김창협 비평에 대해 모방이 아니라, 무엇보다 그의 비평태도와 학문적 자세에 주목하여 적극적인 수용 자세를 보였고 비평에서도 이에 상응하는 모습을 보인 것이다. This paper aims to grasp the influential relationship with Kim Changhyeop in a development of Lee Deokmu`s literary criticism. In other word, it investigates questions about how Lee Deokmu encounters Kim Changhyeop`s critical perspectives and why he tries to accept it actively. To this end, I verified in which way Lee Deokmu accepted for Kim Changhyeop`s literary criticism and comparatively analyzed Kim`s Number 25 of 「JapJiOePyeon」 and Lee`s 「LeeChunGyeong」. Firstly, Lee Deokmu had associated particularly with disciples of Lee Jae among the line of NongAm because of his wife`s family. This explains in which way Lee Deokmu accepted for Kim`s literary criticism. Among these disciples, Kim Jonghu and Kim Yonggyeom had interacted with Lee Deokmu directly. Especially Kim Yonggyeom had the greatest impact in a process of his reception for the literary spirit of Kim Changhyeop. Secondly, I comparatively analyzed Kim`s Number 25 of 「JapJiOePyeon」 and Lee`s 「LeeChunGyeong」. Lee Deokmu focuses on Kim Changhyeop`s literary criticism in two points. Lee concentrates on Kim`s precise literary criticism and his critical attitude of accepting the criticisms of previous generations. And Lee focuses on his attitude of writing and his emphasis on a inner cultivation. I confirmed that they were similar in their stances, which was flexible toward literature even though it was based on the neo-Confucianism. I also assured that Lee Deokmu`s such attitude toward criticism was closely linked to Kim Changhyeop. However, Lee Deokmu gave his priority to writer`s attitude of writing over his inner condition in creative writing. That is a reinterpretation to Kim Changhyeop` literary criticism. Consequently, it can be said that Lee Deokmu is not a mere imitator but an active accepter of Kim Changhyeop by focusing on his critical and academic attitudes.
김의경(Ue Kyung Kim) 대한공업교육학회 1988 대한공업교육학회지 Vol.13 No.1
The purpose of this study is to investigate learning effects by computer assisted instruction in industrial education and vocational training. This study is a experimental reserch through the two groups which has the significant condition, the one was control group, and the other was experimental group. The major findings of the study were as follows: 1. If we take advantage of computer in industrial education and vocational training, we can reduce expenses for equipments and facilities. 2. Because teacher and instructor can simply present intricate structure and operation method to student in CAI, teacher and instructor can reduce learning hours and skill training is easy. 3. Because we can use simulation in CAI, actively we can cope with change of education and training equipments, and practice with dangerous and expensive equipments, too. 4. If we make full use of CAI, we can do a theory and practice learning at the same time.
김예리 ( Ye Ri Kim ),김경숙 ( Kyung Sook Kim ) 한국특수아동학회 2005 특수아동교육연구 Vol.7 No.3
이 연구에서는 일반유아집단과 장애유아집단간의 기본운동능력 및 지각운동능력의 차이를 비교하였다. 연구대상은 만 5-6세 남아들로서 일반유아 20명과 장애유아 20명이었다. 운동 능력 검사지는 기본운동능력과 지각운동 능력 두 부분으로 구성되었으며 총 73문항을 포함하였다. 연구자와 훈련받은 담임 교사들이 운동능력 검사를 실시하였고 검사결과는 변량분석기법으로 통계 처리하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다: 첫째, 첫째, 기본운동능력의 하위능력인 안정동작, 이동동작, 조작동작 능력 모두에서 장애유아가 일반유아에 비해 상당히 지체되어 있음이 확인되었다. 둘째, 지각운동능력의 하위능력인 신체지각, 공간지각, 방향지각, 속도지각, 무게지각 모두에서 장애유아가 일반유아에 비해 상당히 지체되어 있었다. 이러한 연구결과는 인간발달의 근간이 되는 기본운동능력 및 지각운동능력을 충분히 발달시킬 수 있는 프로그램을 장애유아들에게 제공해야 할 필요성을 시사하였다. The purpose of this study was to examine whether or not there were any gaps between children with and without disabilities in basic motion and perceptual-motor skills. The subjects in this study were 40 preschoolers, who were at the age of 5 in Western age. Out of them, 20 young children attended a regular kindergarten, and the others who attended a special preschool education institute suffered from developmental disorder with no sensory impairments or physical disabilities. The instrument used in this study was composed of 73 items about basic motion and perceptual-motor skills, and for data handling, one-way ANOVA and multi-variate analysis of variance were employed. The findings of the study were as follows: First, there was a significant gap between children with and without disabilities in stability motion, movement and manipulative motion skills, which were part of basic motor skills. The children without disabilities significantly outperformed the disabled children, and this fact signified that basic motion programs should be applied to the disabled preschoolers. Second, there also appeared a significant disparity between the two groups in physical perception, spacial perception, directional perception, speed perception and weight perception, which belonged to perceptual-motor skills. The children without diabilities made a significantly better progress than the disabled children, and this fact indicated that the disabled children were in want of perceptual-motor programs.
폐 섬유모세포에서 황사의 미세먼지(Particulate Matter 10)가 활성산소족과 TGF-β, NF-κB, PDGF-α, Fibronectin의 생성에 미치는 영향
김아현 ( Ah Hyun Kim ),전수연 ( Su Yeon Chon ),윤진영 ( Jin Young Yoon ),김유진 ( Yu Jin Kim ),경선영 ( Sun Young Kyung ),이상표 ( Sang Pyo Lee ),박정웅 ( Jeong Woong Park ),정성환 ( Sung Hwan Jeong ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2009 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.67 No.6
Background: Dust clouds blown by the wind from the arid deserts of Mongolia and Northeast China are known as Asian dust storms. Ambient particulate matter with a diameter <10 μm (PM10) is associated with the exacerbation of respiratory diseases and increased mortality of heart and lung disease patients. The fibrotic effects of PM10 of Asian dust to pulmonary fibroblast cells are unknown. This study examined the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), TGF-β, NF-κB, PDGF-α and Fibronectin in fibroblasts exposed to Asian dust particles. Methods: Air samples were collected using a high volume air sampler (Sibata model HV500F) with an air flow of 500 L/min for at least 6 hours. The MRC-5 cells were exposed to 0, 50 and 100 μg/mL of PM10 for 24 hours. ROS was detected by measuring the level of oxidized DCF using FACS. TGF-β, NF-κB, PDGF-α and fibronectin were detected by western blotting. Results: There was no increase in the ROS, TGF-β and PDGF-α levels in the MRC-5 cells exposed to PM10. The NF-κB level was higher in the MRC-5 cells exposed to 50 and 100 μg/mL of PM10 for 24 hours. The fibronectin level in the MRC-5 cells after 24 hours incubation with 50 μg/mL PM10 was significantly higher than the control group (PM10 50 μg/mL 113.27±8.65 of control, p=0.005). Conclusion: PM10 from Asian dust increases the activation of NF-κB and fibronectin expression in MRC-5 fibroblast cells.
인공근육을 이용한 지능형 족관절 보조기 착용에 따른 족저굴곡 운동 보조 특성
김경(Kyung Kim),강승록(Seung-Rok Kang),박용군(Young-Gyun Piao),권대규(Tae-Kyu Kwon) 대한기계학회 2009 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2009 No.11
Ankle-foot orthosis with a pneumatic rubber actuator, which is intended for the assistance and the enhancement of ankle muscular activities was developed. In this study, the appropriate amount of power pattern of the device and the effectiveness of the system was investigated. The subjects were instructed to perform gait motion on the treadmill. The subjects were performed the gait motion with and without the ankle-foot orthosis. We made a comparison the muscular activities between with and without the ankle-foot orthosis. For the analysis of muscular activities, Electromyography (EMG) of the subjects was measured during gait motion. A Biodex dynamometer was used to measure the maximal concentric strength of the plantar flexors of with and without the orthosis on right side. The experiment results in gait motion showed that the muscular activities wearing the ankle-foot orthosis were reduced and the peak torque values wearing it were increased. Therefore, we confirmed the effectiveness of the developed ankle-foot orthosis.
중증 자간전증에서 태아 발육 지연 유무에 따른 모체 혈장 내 TNF - α 농도의 변화
김소라(So Ra Kim),이필량(Pil Ryang Lee),박진우(Jin Woo Park),정복경(Bok Kyung Jung),정지윤(Ji Youn Chung),원혜성(Hye Sung Won),이인식(In Sik Lee),김암(Ahm Kim) 대한산부인과학회 2001 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.44 No.12
N/A Objectives : The purposes of this study were to evaluate the possible role of Tumor necrotic factor-α(TNF-α) in development of preeclampsia, and to define the alteration of plasma TNF-α concentration in association with fetal growth restriction in preeclamptic women. Methods : Maternal blood samples were retrieved from 10 normal pregnancies, 10 pregnancies complicated with small for gestational age neonate of unknown cause, 10 preeclampsia with fetal growth restriction, and 10 preeclampsia without fetal growth restriction. The concentrations of TNF-α were measured by ELISA. Results : The plasma concentrations of TNF-α were significantly increased in preeclamptic women (p<0.05). However, there were no major differences in relation to fetal growth restriction. In idiopathic SGA group, the cytokine levels were significantly decreased compared to normal pregnancy (p<0.05). Conclusions : The increased concentrations of maternal plasma TNF-α in preeclamptic women suggest that preeclampsia may be an immunologic disorder. Though TNF-α influences on the fetal growth, it may not play a major role in the pathophysiology of fetal growth restriction in preeclampsia.