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뇌파의 임상적 유용성 : 뇌파소견과 뇌전산화 단층촬영 검사 및 뇌자기공명 영상검사 소견을 비교하여
강동우,이영호,최영희,정영조,Kang, Dong-Woo,Lee, Young-Ho,Choi, Young-Hee,Chung, Young-Cho 대한수면의학회 1996 수면·정신생리 Vol.3 No.2
To demonstrate the clinical usefulness of electroencephalography (EEG) and factors increasing the usefulness of EEG, the authors evaluated each relationship between EEG related factors and clinical variables, and neuroimaging studies (CT and MRI)-related factors, and factors which are related with routine neurological examination for 207 patients who had been evaluated with both of EEG and neuroimaging study(CT or/and MRI). The results were as follows: 1) Abnormality of EEG findings had significant relationships with chief complaints, diagnosis, medication use, seizure attack, pathological reflex, and level of consciousness. However there were no significant correlations between abnormality of EEG findings and neuroimaging studies (CT and MRI)- related factors. 2) Laterality of EEG findings had significant relationships with abnormality, laterality, and focality of CT findings, and also with abnormality of MRI findings. But there were no significant correlations between laterality of EEG findings and clinical variables, and neurological examination-related factors. 3) Anterior-posterior distribution of EEG findings was significantly related with medication use. 4) Focality of EEG findings had significant relationships with sex, sensory dysfunction sign, and cerebellar dysfunction sign. But there were no significant correlations between focality of EEG findings and neuroimaging studies(CT and MRI) related factors. 5) Abnormal EEG pattern had significant correlations with various factors, such as age, chief complaints, duration from onset of symptom to taking MRI, seizure attack, abnormality and nature of lesion in CT findings, cortical atrophy in MRI findings, motor dysfunction sign, sensory dysfunction sign, and pathological reflex. 6) With abnormality on sleep activation, age, age of onset, seizure attack, ventricular enlargement in CT findings, and abnormality of MRI findings were significantly correlated. 7) With abnormality on hyperventilation activation, duration of illness and laterality of MRI findings were significantly correlated. Above results may suggest that abnormality of EEG findings is more closely related with functional change of the brain than structural changes of the brain and laterality of EEG findings is vice versa. And also that medication use has an influence on anterior versus posterior distribution of EEG findings and focality of EEG findings is not related with structural changes of the brain. Activation with sleep may be effective to show age differences and provocation of seizure activity and hyperventilation may be effective to detect the abnormal EEG findings by cerebrovascular insufficiency.
강동우,유윤성,박진원 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.94 No.-
Among various kinds of methods for the stabilization of heavy metals in municipal solid wasteincinerationfly ash (MSWI FA), acid leaching is the most prevalent. However, the process of heavy metalsleaching in MSWI FA by various acids must be compared. In this study, we extracted the heavy metals inMSWI FA using 0.5 M solutions of strong acids (HCl, H2SO4 and HNO3), as well as weak acids (NH4Cl,(NH4)2SO4 and NH4NO3). Solidification by CO2 injection occurred in all the leaching solutions. Theleaching test was performed for solids such as treated MSWI FA and the precipitates produced in thesolidification process, compared with untreated MSWI FA. The solids were analyzed by using X-Rayfluorescence spectroscopy, X-Ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The leaching solutionswere analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy. Using weak acid solutions,Zn, Pb, and Cu were leached 15–70 times, two times, and 20–150 times, respectively, more than thoseleached strong acids. Except H2SO4 and (NH4)2SO4 solutions, all the acids reduced the mass of MSWI FAand extracted heavy metals. The crystalline precipitates were the carbonates. HNO3 solution was found tobe the most appropriate solvent for the proposed method.
100 GHz 이상의 주파수에서 서브 하모닉 믹서를 이용한 주파수 확장 시스템
강동우 한국전자파학회 2019 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.30 No.11
In this study, we implement a spectrum extension system for frequencies over 100 GHz using a sub-harmonic mixer. A ×16 multiplier is customized to drive the local oscillator(LO) port of the sub-harmonic mixer from the first LO output frequency of a spectrum analyzer. The output power of the reference signal is measured precisely by using a power sensor, and the conversion loss corresponding to the output power of the spectrum analyzer is derived and tabulated. The performance of the spectrum extension system is evaluated by measuring the output power of the signal, which was over −50 dBm in the frequency range of 112~130 GHz.