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움직임 보상된 웨이블릿 기반의 비디오 코딩 시스템에 적용 가능한 임베디드 압축 코덱 알고리즘
김송주(Song-Ju Kim) 한국콘텐츠학회 2012 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.12 No.3
웨이블릿 방식의 비디오 압축에서 과도한 메모리 요구 사항을 감소시키기 위해 본 논문은 저 복잡도의 임베디드 압축(Embedded Compression : EC) 알고리즘을 적용한다. 본 논문의 EC 알고리즘은 화질 열화가 거의 무손실에 가깝도록 하기 위해 고정 압축률 50%를 사용한다. 본 논문의 EC 기법을 통해 EC가 적용되지 않은 웨이블릿 비디오 인코더와 비교하여 이산 웨이블릿 변환 과정에서 발생하는 임시적인 저주파 웨이블릿 계수들의 메모리의 접근과 크기를 50%로 줄일 수 있다. 또한, 포워드 적응형 양자화(FAQ)와 고정 길이 코드 기반의 EC 알고리즘은 웨이블릿과 SPHIT(Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees) 사이의 버퍼의 크기와 대역폭을 50%까지 절약할 수 있다. 시뮬레이션 결과를 통해, 비디오 코더의 목표 비트율이 1 과 0.5 bpp 인 경우에 본 논문에서 적용한 EC 알고리즘에 의한 평균적인 PSNR 저하가 각각 0.179와 0.162 ㏈ 임을 알 수 있다. In this paper, a low-complexity embedded compression (EC) Codec algorithm for the wavelet video coder is applied to reduce excessive external memory requirements. The EC algorithm is used to achieve a fixed compression ratio of 50 % under the near-lossless-compression constraint. The EC technique can reduce the 50 % memory requirement for intermediate low-frequency coefficients during multiple discrete wavelet transform stages compared with direct implementation of the wavelet video encoder of this paper. Furthermore, the EC scheme based on a forward adaptive quantization and fixed length coding can save bandwidth and size of buffer between DWT and SPIHT to 50 %. Simulation results show that our EC algorithm present only PSNR degradation of 0.179 and 0.162 ㏈ in average when the target bit-rate of the video coder are 1 and 0.5 bpp, respectively.
김송민(Song Min Kim) 대한전자공학회 2009 電子工學會論文誌 IE (Industry electronics) Vol.46 No.1
본 논문에서는 송·수신 차량이 편도 2차선의 일반국도를 80[㎞/h]의 속도로 주행하고, 곡선 반경은 교통사고율이 높은 통계자료를 근거하여 280[m], 직선도로의 길이는 정지시거를 고려하여 140[m], 곡선의 길이는 90[m], 곡선도로를 11.25[m] 간격으로 8개 지점을 선정하여 시뮬레이션 하였다. 그 결과 송·수신 차량간 거리가 111[m] 이상이 될 경우에는 좌, 우측 반사체에 의해 이루어지는 반사파의 전파경로 보다는 인접한 차량들에 의해 이루어지는 반사파의 전파 경로가 반복 반사수가 증가함으로 더 갈어지게 된다. 송·수신차량간 거리가 111[m] 미만인 경우에는 수신차량에 전파가 도달하기 위한 반복 반사는 1~2[회]정도 이었으며 송·수신 차량이 위치한 차선에 관계없이 인접한 차량에 의해 발생하는 반사파 보다는 좌, 우측 반사체를 경유하여 수신하게 되는 반사파의 전파경로가 1~1.5[m]정도 더 큼을 알 수 있었다. This study was to simulate it that the sending·receiving vehicles run on the general national roads with the one-way two-lanes at 80[㎞/h] speed. This study was to select 280[m] radius of curvature based on the statistical data with high rate of traffic accidents, 140[m] length of direct roads considering the stopping stadia, 90[m] length of curve, and 8 points of curved roads at 11.25[m] intervals. As a result above, when the distance between the sending and receiving vehicles became more than 111[m], the propagation path of reflected wave by the adjacent vehicles became longer than the propagation path of reflected wave by the left/right reflectors because the number of repeated reflection increased. In this study, the repeated reflection for the propagation's reach to the receiving vehicles was about 1∼2[times] as it supposed it less than 111[m]. Accordingly, it found out that the propagation path of reflected wave received through the left/right reflectors was about 1∼1.5[m] larger than the reflected wave produced by the adjacent vehicles regardless of lanes on which the sending and receiving vehicles were located.
폐쇄성 수면 무호흡이 Soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1과 Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor에 미치는 영향
김정표 ( Jeong Pyo Kim ),이상학 ( Sang Haak Lee ),권순석 ( Soon Seog Kwon ),김영균 ( Young Kyoon Kim ),김관형 ( Kwan Hyoung Kim ),송정섭 ( Jeong Sup Song ),박성학 ( Sung Hak Park ),문화식 ( Hwa Sik Moon ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2004 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.56 No.4
등가하중을 이용한 원자로 핵연료봉 지지격자 스프링의 비선형 응답 구조 최적설계
김도원(Do-Won Kim),이현아(Hyun-Ah Lee),송기남(Ki-Nam Song),김용일(Yong-Il Kim),박경진(Gyung-Jin Park) 대한기계학회 2007 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.31 No.12
The spacer grid set is a part of a nuclear fuel assembly. The set has a spring and the spring supports the fuel rods safely. Although material nonlinearity is involved in the deformation of the spring, nonlinearity has not been considered in design of the spring. Recently a nonlinear response structural optimization method has been developed using equivalent loads. It is called nonlinear response optimization equivalent loads (NROEL). In NROEL, the external loads are transformed to the equivalent loads (EL) for linear static analysis and linear response optimization is carried out based on the EL in a cyclic manner until the convergence criteria are satisfied. EL is the load set which generates the same response field of linear analysis as that of nonlinear analysis. Shape optimization of the spring is carried out based on EL. The objective function is defined by minimizing the maximum stress in the spring while mass is limited and the support force of the spring is larger than a certain value. The results are verified by nonlinear response analysis. ABAQUS is used for nonlinear response analysis and GENESIS is employed for linear response optimization.
등가하중을 이용한 원자로 핵연료봉 지지격자 스프링의 비선형 응답 구조 최적설계
김도원(Do-Won Kim),이현아(Hyun Ah Lee),송기남(Ki-Nam Song),김용일(Yong-Il Kim),박경진(Gyung-Jin Park) 대한기계학회 2007 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2007 No.5
The spacer grid set is a part of a nuclear fuel assembly The set has a spring and the spring supports the fuel rods safely Although material nonlinearity is involved in the deformation of the spring, nonlinearity has not been considered in design of the spring. Recently a nonlinear response structural optimization method has been developed using equivalent loads. It is called nonlinear response optimization equivalent loads (NROEL). In NROEL, the extemalloads are transformed to the equivalent loads (EL) for linear static analysis and linear response optimization is carried out based on the EL in a cyclic manner until the convergence criteria are satisfied. EL is the load set which generates the same response field of linear analysis as that of nonlinear analysis. Shape optimization of the spring is carried out based on EL. The objective function is defined by minimizing the maximum stress in the spring while mass is limited and the support force of the spring is larger than a certain value. The results are verified by nonlinear response analysis. ABAQUS is used for nonlinear response analysis and GENESIS is employed for linear response optimization.
가축분 퇴비 시용 농경지 내 Tetracyclines 내성균 분포 특성
김송엽 ( Song Yeob Kim ),김장환 ( Jang Hwan Kim ),김성철 ( Sung Chul Kim ),이용복 ( Yong Bok Lee ) 한국환경농학회 2014 한국환경농학회지 Vol.33 No.4
BACKGROUND: Large amount of veterinary antibiotics have been used in the livestock industry to prevent diseases and promote growth. These antibiotics are excreted through feces and urine in unchanged form and reach to agricultural fields via application of the livestock manure based composts. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of tetracyclines-resistant bacteria in the soil received livestock manure compost for a long term. METHODS AND RESULTS: Tetracyclines (tetracycline TC, chlortetracycline CTC, and oxytetracycline OTC) resistance bacteria in the soil of rice-onion field applied pig manure compost (PM), in the soil of grass-rye field received cow manure compost (CM), and in the soil of rice field applied inorganic fertilizer (NPK) were determined. The soil received livestock manure composts clearly showed higher number of TC, CTC, and OTC resistance bacteria compared with the soil treated with inorganic fertilizer. The antibiotic resistant bacteria recovered appeared at 80 mg/L of tetracyclines was identified 1 specie, 6 genera 7 species,and 6 genera 7species in the soils received CM, PM, and NPK, respectively. The dominant resistant bacteria with the CM and PM application were Ochrobactrum and Rhodococcus. CONCLUSION: The application of livestock manure compost in the agricultural field is likely to contribute the occurrence of antibiotic resistance bacteria in the agricultural environment.
전통적인 짜맞춤을 이용한 가구제작용 하이브리드 앱 개발
김송민(Song-Min Kim),오종갑(Jong-Gab Oh) 한국전자통신학회 2014 한국전자통신학회 논문지 Vol.9 No.12
본 논문에서는 전통적인 짜맞춤 기법을 숙련된 기술 없이 앱 상에서 부재의 사이즈와 장부의 개수만 결정하면 전통 가구를 제작할 수 있도록 하였다. 그동안 전문 기술자들에 의해 수작업으로 이루어지던 가구의 설계도면을 CAD를 사용하여 생성함으로써 효율적이며, 융통성 있는 가구의 제작이 가능하게 하였다. 또한 CNC 설계 도면과 3D 모델링된 56종의 STL파일들은 앱을 통해 서비스되며 수시로 업데이트가 가능하도록 하기 위해 하이브리드앱을 사용하였다. In this paper, when the number of dimensions and the "JANGBU 'of the app on the" BUJAE "without an experienced only the traditional setting-up techniques described was so determined to create a traditional furniture. Fabrication of efficient and accommodating furniture enabled by design drawing of furniture consisted manually by technical experts meantime uses and create CAD. Also CNC design drawing and 3D STL files of modeled 56 kinds are serviced through APP and used Hybrid App to do it so that update may be available from time to time
황금작약탕(黃芩芍藥湯)의 MRSA에 대한 항균활성에 관한 연구
김에스더 ( Esther Kim ),최종환 ( Chong Hwan Choi ),김일현 ( Il Hyun Kim ),이하일 ( Ha Il Lee ),송용선 ( Yung Sun Song ) 한방재활의학과학회 2013 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.23 No.3
ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate antimicrobial activity of Huanggeumjakyak-tang water extract against MRSA. MethodsThe antibacterial activities of Huanggeumjakyak-tang were evaluated against 3 strains of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and 1 standard Methicillin- susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) strain by using the disc diffusion method, minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) assay, colorimetric assay using MTT test, checkerboard dilution test and time-kill assay was performed under dark. ResultsThe MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) of Huanggeumjakyak-tang water extract against S. aureus strains ranged from 1,000 to 2,000μg/ml. So we confirmed that it has a strong antibacterial effect. Also the combinations of Huanggeumjakyak-tang water extract and conventional antibiotics exhibited improved inhibition of MRSA with synergy effect. ConclusionsThe results obtained in this study suggest that Huanggeumjakyak-tang water extract showed antibacterial effect against MRSA, and it also showed reducing effect on the side-effect problems that are the major weak points of traditional antibiotics. (J Korean Med Rehab 2013;23(3):15-26)
가변피치프로펠러의 칼라형과 트러니언형 허브의 비교 연구
김기인(Ki-In Kim),송기주(Ki-Ju Song),전동춘(Dong-Chun Jeon),강선이(Sun-Yi Kang),김정렬(Jeong-Ryul Kim),차지협(Ji-Hyoub Cha) 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2009 한국마린엔지니어링학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.-
There are two kinds of hub mechanism on the controllable pitch propeller. One is the collar type and the other is the trunnion type. Pitch variation mechanism of the collar type of CPP is a simpler and cheaper solution, therefore CPP of this type is more applicable for commercial vessels. But the trunnion type of CPP has many advantages compared to the collar type of CPP : There are an ability to install up to 7 blades and a smaller dependency from bolt properties. The blades arrangement of trunnion type does not need bolts and it has a smaller disk factors for the same number of blades compared with the collar type CPP. In this instance, the CPP of trunnion type is an appropriate fit for the naval purposes(explosive shock) and ice breakers.