http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
김해수,곽경섭 한국통신학회 2011 Journal of communications and networks Vol.13 No.4
In this paper, an efficient retransmission scheme using co-operation from neighboring nodes is investigated. In the coopera-tive retransmission scheme, an erroneous packet is retransmitted to the destination by cooperative nodes where distributed beamform-ing is used to accommodate multiple cooperating nodes. A Markov model is used to analyze throughput efficiency and average delay of the proposed retransmission scheme. It is shown that the analytical results are well matched with the simulated results and improved throughput and delay performance can be achieved as compared to the traditional retransmission scheme. The performance of the proposed cooperative retransmission is investigated in the multi-hop configuration via computer simulation. The transmit power for retransmission packet is also investigated and it can be signifi-cantly reduced by using a small feedback channel.
김해수,이근영 한국통신학회 1993 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.18 No.1
본 논문에서는 보다 효율적인 전송과 깨끗한 화질로 복원 문서를 구성 할 수 있도록 신경회로망을 이용한 Neuro-FAX 방식을 제안하였다. 이 방식은 문자부분과 도형부분을 따로 처리하는 것으로 문자 부분에 대해서는 각 문자에 신경회로망을 적용시켜 문자를 인식한 후 인식된 정보만을 전송하고, 도형 부분은 기존의 방식으로 그대로 전송하는 방식으로 전송 효율도 높이고, 짧은 전송기간으로 인하여, 전송신로의 혼잡을 줄일 수 있고, 수신측에서 각 문자 패턴을 가지고 있게 하여 복원된 문서를 기존의 팩시밀리 문서보다 깨끗하게 처리하여 고화질을 얻을 수 있도록 하였다. In this paper, we proposed a Neuro-FAX algorithm having high compression rate and good reconstruction capability in spite of noise and fonts. This algorithm processes the character part and the image part seperately. In the character part, we recognized each characters in document using neural networks, and transmitted the information recognized. And we transmitted the image part as it is by the conventional method. With character set in receiving terminal. it can produce nice document of noise free characters and different font.
김해수,이지윤,임성희,박근칠,이세훈,선종무,고영혜,백정환,손영익,정한신,안용찬,이민영,홍민의,안명주 대한암학회 2016 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.48 No.2
Purpose Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has been recognized as an immunosuppressive disease. Various mechanisms have been proposed for immune escape, including dysregulation of immune checkpoints such as the programmed cell death 1:programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathway. We investigated the expression of PD-L1 in human papillomavirus (HPV)–negative and HPV-positive OSCC to determine its prevalence and prognostic relevance. Materials and Methods Using immunohistochemistry, 133 cases of OSCC were evaluated for expression of PD-L1. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor samples were stained with monoclonal antibody (clone 5H1) to PD-L1. PD-L1 positivity was defined as membrane staining in ! 20% of tumor cells. Correlations between PD-L1 expression and HPV status and survival parameters were analyzed. Results Of the 133 patients, 68% showed PD-L1 expression, and 67% of patients were positive for p16 expression by immunohistochemistry. No significant difference in PD-L1 expression was observed between HPV(–) and HPV(+) tumors (61% vs. 71%, p=0.274). No significant difference in age, gender, smoking history, location of tumor origin, or stage was observed according to PD-L1 status. With a median follow-up period of 44 months, older age (! 65 years) (p=0.017) and T3-4 stage (p < 0.001) were associated with poor overall survival (OS), whereas PD-L1 expression did not affect OS in univariate and multivariate analysis. Conclusion PD-L1 expression was observed in the majority of OSCC patients regardless of HPV status. Further large prospective studies are required to determine the role of PD-L1 expression as a prognostic or predictive biomarker, and clinical studies of immune checkpoint inhibitors in OSCC are warranted regardless of HPV status.