맥족의 분포와 영서 북부 지역의 고대 정치체 -『삼국사기』 소전 ‘맥국’의 실체와 관련하여-

김창석 중부고고학회 2018 중부고고학회 학술발표회 Vol.2018 No.3

부여 동남리 49-2번지 출토 백제 목간의 내용과 용도 - 목간 1·2를 중심으로 -

김창석 한국고대사학회 2023 韓國古代史硏究 Vol.- No.111

On the front of No.1, the form is structured as gold was used for <when, how much was received, when, how much was spent, and where>. Buyeokgeum 夫逆金 corresponds to the details of expenditure and its weight is listed in specific figures. And the amounts of spent Buyeokgeum have been put in. The writer paid for the metal materials needed to make high-quality handicrafts every three to four months, and recorded the situation. On the back of it, the details of Buyeokgeum expenditure and use were written according to their use. However, only unusual things were recorded among them, not the whole. Both the front and the back are the same records as the memorandum. The main purpose of creating No.1 was to check the expenditure and use of gold to maintain a certain level of gold inventory, and to report and claim it immediately to the higher authorities. Using this as basic data, it was discarded after using it to prepare a final account or a report on inventory confirmation to an upper institution. No.2 is a kind of a ledger close to the completed version. The details of grain payment in the form of <sort of requisition+name+age grade+amount of grain> were summarized and recorded. The contents of Beomjin 凡進 corresponding to the requisition name are unknown. However, it is noteworthy that a fixed amount was paid in exchange for a certain amount to the personnel mobilized for national projects in the capital, Sabi-seong.

치환 브롬화페나실과 퀴놀린과의 반응에 관한 반응속도론적 연구

김창석,홍순영,Kim, Chang-Suk,Hong, Soon-Yung 대한화학회 1984 대한화학회지 Vol.28 No.4

9종류의 m-또는 p-치환 phenacyl bromide와 quinoline을 같은 몰 비로 메탄올 용매하에서 반응시켜 반응속도를 전기 전도도법으로 측정하였다. 이들 반응은 $S_N2$과정에서 따라 진행하며 전자 주는 기나 전자 끄는 기가 모두 반응속도를 촉진하였으며 이 사실을 설명할 수 있는 반응메카니즘을 제시하였다. 또 이 반응에 수반하는 열역학적 parameter도 구하였다. Rates of reactions of nine m-or p-substituted phenacyl bromides with quinoline in methanol were measured by an electric conductivity method. These reactions were found to proceed through an $S_N2$ path and were accelerated by both electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents. A plausible reaction mechanism for this observation was proposed. Some activation parameters for these reactions were also calculated.

An Educational Service Platform using Collective Intelligence and Presence of Web 2.0

김창석,조정호,손동철 한국지능시스템학회 2009 한국지능시스템학회논문지 Vol.19 No.1

Web 2.0 has become the face next generation Web among the business world and research community. Web 2.0 is instant superficial gratification of people. On the other hand, Semantic Web is deep, meaningful and lasting relationship with data. So, it is difficult to apply the Semantic Web to the real world. In this paper, a platform for educational services using the SEMANTIC Web and Web 2.0 is proposed. The proposed platform is based mix of the Semantic Web and Web 2.0, so it is useful to apply in the real world applications. Two services are presened, one is a semantic email system and the other is a cyber study space. The cyber study space adjusted each student is presented. The study environment is called iStudySpace that has personal scheduler, study status plan table, personalized search engine and several gadgets. Finally characteristics and limitations of the Semantic Web and Web 2.0, the organization and components of the platform, evaluation of iStudySpace are shown.

한성기 백제의 국가제사 체계와 변화 양상 : 풍납토성 경당지구 44호,9호 유구의 성격 검토를 중심으로 Focusing on the Examination of the Characteristics of No. 44 and No. 9 Sites at Gyeongdang District of Pungnap Earthen Castle(風納土城)

金昌錫 서울시립대학교 부설 서울학연구소 2004 서울학연구 Vol.- No.22

No. 44 and No. 9 sites excavated at Gyeongdang district in Pungnap earthen castle, is an important archaeological evidence to show the characteristics of state ritual and its change in the Hanseong period's Paekje. No. 44 site is the remains of a large scale building structure deliberately designed and is also furnished with unique structures such as flat ground stones and a ditch with a charcoal floor, so that this is assumed of a special place for state sacrificial ritual. No. 9 shaft hole includes a body of sacrificed horse and various ritual artifacts. Therefore, this place is also regarded as a ritual shaft hole where the ritual led by the state or royal house took place. Material artifacts found in No. 9 site vary and it is not easy to talk about the content and the characteristics of the ritual that took place in this shaft hole simply because accumulation of material artifacts occurred several times in a relatively short period. The case that a horse head is devoted, does appear in the rituals for rain or the God of Han Dynasty(漢神) in the ancient Japan, and a similar case is also confirmed in an episode of Gyeongkong(耿恭) in the later Han(後漢) period. The ritual executed in No. 9 site seems to be related to a pray for rain or an elimination of the spirit of disease or military ritual. This seems to originate from the worship for the God of Han Dynasty. Mica, which implies a certain relationship with Taoism, is also found. In this sense, Paengjo(彭祖), a representative Taoist immortal, has been noticed, in particular, with regard to a pottery with straight neck, on which surface "Daebu" (大夫) was inscribed. At this current stage, it cannot be concluded that what the purpose of the ritual taken place in No. 9 shaft hole would be, among, for example, a pray for rain, a ritual for military ritual, an elimination of the spirit of disease, and a pray for longevity. However, it can be acknowledged that the overall characteristics of the ritual would be quite China- and Taoism-like. In order to grasp the characteristics of No. 44 ritual place, the relationship with Dongdaeja(東台子) site of Koguryeo(高句麗) has been closely examined. However, they both tend to show many differences each other in terms of, for example, structure and outer shape of site, and material artifacts found in it. If the Dongdaeja site can be seen as the ritual place for the guardian deities of the state(社稷) of Goguryeo, there remains a problem that it is difficult to confirm the existence of the guardian deities of the state in Paekje in historical written documents. It can be noted that this place has a similarity in shape with assumed Hyomoon-Myo(孝文廟) site of Lolang(樂浪) earthen castle, in particular, in terms of a technological similarity found in a hidden ditch structure. Therefore, some time in the Hanseong period, Paekje came to be aware of mausoleum systems of the Han(漢) China in its foreign relationship with various political powers of China of the time and it is the No. 44 site which was built by following the form and building structure of the Chinese one. The deity worshipped in this ritual would be, assumably, Dongmyeong(東明), the founder of Paekje. This corresponds to the Dongmyeong mausoleum found in Samguksagi(三國史記). By Samguksagi and other Chinese historical documents, it can be assumed that the state ritual system of Paekje suffered from a significant change in the early 5th. Century AD. Since the second reigning year(406) of King Jeonji(典支王), the ritual for the Dongmyeong mausoleum was interrupted and the one for heaven and earth was also temporarily suspended. This phenomenon can be confirmed by looking at the changing process of ritual site in Pungnap earthen castle. No. 44 site, which was assumed of the Dongmyeong mausoleum, was abandoned in mid-course and No. 9 site, which was located by destructing No. 44 site, was dated to the mid or late 5th. Century AD in its use. Therefore, the Dongmyeong mausoleum was assumably converted to the Gutae(仇台) mausoleum, and the ritual for heaven and earth to that for heaven and five gods of direction(五帝神) after the transfer of the capital to Woongjin(熊津) in 475 or even in the Sabi(사비) period. And No. 9 ritual site is considered as following a different tradition from the two state ritual systems of Paekje as discussed above, by its various and diverse ritual artifacts and a complex feature of ritual process.

8∼10세기 이슬람 제종족의 신라 來往과 그 배경

김창석 한국고대사학회 2006 韓國古代史硏究 Vol.0 No.44

The Traffic of Muslim Tribes to Silla and Its Backgrounds in the 8~10th. Century 7세기에 등장하여 동방으로 세력을 뻗쳐온 이슬람인과 그 문물은 신라인에게는 새롭고 이질적인 문명과의 만남이었다. 동북아지역 밖에서 생산된 異域의 물자는 신라에서 6세기 말부터 보이는데, 주로 중국을 거쳐 들어왔다. 중국과의 외교 교섭이나 국가교역, 민간상인을 통한 교역 할 것 없이 唐 정부와 唐 상인을 매개로 한 경우가 많았고, 蕃商들과의 직접 거래도 주로 중국 땅에서 이뤄졌다. 8세기 이후 이들이 신라를 찾은 것은 8세기 후반과 9세기 후반기 정도이고 국제 교역상인과 무용수, 악사 위주였다. 우리 문헌은 물론 아라비아측 자료에도 관련 기록이 중국에 비해 현격하게 적은 것은 국가 간의 공식적인 사절 교환이나 지속적인 문화 교류가 이뤄지지 않았음을 보여준다. 아라비아ㆍ소그드ㆍ페르시아 상인들도 새로운 販路를 개척하기 위해서보다는 당의 정세와 교역 환경의 변화에 따라 수동적으로 신라에 진출한 면이 강하다. 이들 가운데 일부가 정착하기도 했지만 당에서처럼 활동 범위가 넓지는 않았다. 신라는 粟特樂과 景敎가 유입되고 이국 산물이 유행했지만, 문화적 존숭의 대상으로 아라비아나 페르시아, 소그드를 생각하지는 않았다. 신라인들의 인식은 그들의 형용이 '可駭'하고 의복이 '詭異'한 문화적 충격의 느낌 이상은 아니었던 것이다. 또 이들을 활용하여 당 혹은 일본과 교섭해야할 상황도 아니었다. 다만 이들이 취급한 희귀한 상품 특히 약재와 향료, 공예품은 왕실과 골품귀족들에게도 이제는 불가결한 물품이 되었으므로 그 원활한 공급을 위한 일부 상인과 藝人들의 정착이 이뤄졌다. 이들에 대한 기억이 9세기 중엽의 이슬람 문헌에 남게 되었고 그 흐름은 아라비아인이 본격 진출하는 9세기 후반까지 이어졌다. 그러나 10세기 들어 후삼국의 혼란 속에서 다시 무슬림의 내왕은 두절되었다가 고려 현종 15년(1024)에야 재개된다.

E-R 모델에서 XML 스키마의 생성

김창석,김대수 제어로봇시스템학회 2007 제어로봇시스템학회 합동학술대회 논문집 Vol.2007 No.12

제5회 MMM - Intermag 합동학술대회 참가기

김창석 한국자기학회 1991 韓國磁氣學會誌 Vol.1 No.2

INTERMAG 93 참가보고

김창석 한국자기학회 1993 韓國磁氣學會誌 Vol.3 No.2

확장된 일반화 평균연산자를 이용한 퍼지 질의의 평가

김창석,김대수,이상조 한국지능시스템학회 1994 한국지능시스템학회 학술발표 논문집 Vol.4 No.1