2차원 질의 응답 시스템

김창석 공주대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 2000 과학교육연구 Vol.31 No.1

본 논문에서는 관계형 데이터베이스 시스템에 개념적인 질의를 할 수 있는 새로운 시스템을 제안한다. 여기에서 기본적인 아이디어는 불확실한 질의나 데이터를 2차원 데이터로 해석하는 것이다. 즉, 불확실한 질의를 첫째 요소인 데이터 부분과 둘째 요소인 소속척도 부분을 분리해서 처리할 수 있는 2차원 질의 응답 시스템을 제안하여 각 구성 요소들의 알고리즘을 제시한다. 모의실험을 통해 제안된 모델이 애매한 질의와 일반적인 질의를 효과적으로 처리할 수 있음을 보인다. In this paper, we propose a new conceptual query processing system in relational database systems. Key idea of this model is interpret the conceptual query and data as a two dimensional data. A new data model is developed and the role of each module is defined and some algorithms for parser, query translation module, semantic DB, result composer are suggested. By simulating to the proposed model, a reasonable results for the ambiguous query are drawn, and therefore it shows a promising model to return ordered result for the ambiguous queries and general queries.

E-R 모델에서 XML 스키마의 생성

김창석,김대수 제어로봇시스템학회 2007 제어로봇시스템학회 합동학술대회 논문집 Vol.2007 No.12

An Educational Service Platform using Collective Intelligence and Presence of Web 2.0

김창석,조정호,손동철 한국지능시스템학회 2009 한국지능시스템학회논문지 Vol.19 No.1

Web 2.0 has become the face next generation Web among the business world and research community. Web 2.0 is instant superficial gratification of people. On the other hand, Semantic Web is deep, meaningful and lasting relationship with data. So, it is difficult to apply the Semantic Web to the real world. In this paper, a platform for educational services using the SEMANTIC Web and Web 2.0 is proposed. The proposed platform is based mix of the Semantic Web and Web 2.0, so it is useful to apply in the real world applications. Two services are presened, one is a semantic email system and the other is a cyber study space. The cyber study space adjusted each student is presented. The study environment is called iStudySpace that has personal scheduler, study status plan table, personalized search engine and several gadgets. Finally characteristics and limitations of the Semantic Web and Web 2.0, the organization and components of the platform, evaluation of iStudySpace are shown.

마디풀과 여뀌속 주요잡초의 생육기 분류동정 연구

김창석,오영주,이인용,오세문,정영재 한국잡초학회 2008 한국잡초학회 별책(학술대회 초록집) Vol.28 No.2

한양방 병용치료에 대한 문헌고찰

김창석,김상균,김영은,김철,예상준,장현철,송미영 한국한의학연구원 2012 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.18 No.2

Objectives : This study aims to analyze the papers of the east-west medical combined treatment and suggest the research direction. Methods : 183 research papers were collected by using 25 keywords including combination(in korean words, 병용), collaborative practice(in korean words, 협진) in Korean Medical Database(KMbase) and Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System(OASIS). We analysed the type of studies, the kind of diseases, the treatment method, the kind of herbs and drugs in frequent use, and the result of research. Results : Among the analysed 183 papers, clinical studies are 89 cases and experimental studies are 94. 5 cases of clinical studies are Randomized Controlled Trial(RCT). The cancer(50 papers) and diseases of the circulatory system(25 papers) occupied mostly in treatment studies. Because Combined treatment was actively progressed in oriental medicine, treatment was mainly applied the combined oriental medical treatment with herbs and western drugs. In herbal medicine, Mahwangyounpae-tang(麻黃潤肺湯) and Eunkyo-San(銀翹散) were frequently used in the papers. In western drugs, Cyclophosphamide, Cisplatin, and Mitomycin C were frequently used in the papers. 154 papers introduced the treatment effect, 14 papers announced the safety, and 4 papers mentioned the side effect. Conclusions : We suggested several future research direction as follows. Clinical studies based on experiment studies must be more activated and many RCT shoud be shown. Experimental group in clinical studies should be clearly separated to confirm the treatment method is effective or isn't effective. Studies about the side effect must be expanded, and every study should be confirmed both the treatment effect and safety.

경기도 밭의 외래잡초 분포

김창석,이인용,이정란,홍선희,오영주 한국잔디학회 2014 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.3 No.4

We surveyed the distribution of exotic weeds in the 350 upland crop fields of Gyeonggi-do. The exotic weeds weresummarized as 78 taxa including 19 families, 52 genera, 74 species and 4 varieties. Among the total exotic weeds, the summerannuals were 48.7%, the winter annuals 28.2%, and the perennials 23.1%. Compositae was dominant family (32%), followed byGramineae (8%), Polygonaceae (8%) and Malvaceae (7%). Dominant exotic weeds in northern Gyeonggi-do were Amaranthuslividus, Ambrosia trifida, Chenopodium album, Bidens frondosa and Erigeron Canadensis, and in southern Gyeonggi-do wereChenopodium album, Erigeron Canadensis, Erigeron annuus, Taraxacum officinale and Galinsoga ciliate. The most dominant exoticweeds in the Gyeonggi-do were Chenopodium album, followed by Amaranthus blitum, Erigeron canadensis. Canonicalcorrespondence analysis for investigation of correlation between exotic weeds occurred in northern and southern Gyeonggi-doshowed that the exotic weeds in northern Gyeonggi-do were more diverse then in southern Gyeonggi-do. This information couldbe useful for establishment of exotic weed control methods in Gyeonggi-do. 경기도의 밭 주변을 대상으로 350지점을 선정하여 조사를 진행하였다. 경기도의 밭에 발생하는 외래잡초 조사결과 19과 52속 74종 4변종, 총 78종류의 외래잡초가 조사되었고 하계 일년생 식물은 48.7%, 동계 일년생은 28.2%, 다년생은 23.1%가 출현하였다. 과별로 보면 국화과가 32%를차지하여 가장 많은 비율로 출현하였고 벼과 8%, 마디풀과 8%, 아욱과 7%로 구성되었다. 경기북부에서의 외래잡초우점종은 개비름, 단풍잎돼지풀, 흰명아주, 미국가막사리, 망초이고 경기남부에서는 흰명아주, 망초, 개망초, 서양민들레,털별꽃아재비가 조사되었다. 경기도 전체에서는 흰명아주, 개비름, 망초가 가장 우점하는 것으로 파악되었다. 경기북부와경기남부지역의 외래잡초의 상관관계를 살펴보기 위한 CCA분석결과 경기북부가 경기남부지역보다 다양한 외래잡초가 넓게 확산되어 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 경기도에 발생하는 외래잡초의 발생정보는 밭의 지속적인 관리방안을 수립하는데 도움이 될 것이다.

주요 광엽잡초 유묘의 형태적 특성을 기초로 한 간이 식별법

김창석,정영재,이인용,조정래,오세문,박재읍,Kim, Chang-Seok,Chung, Young-Jae,Lee, In-Yong,Cho, Jung-Lai,Oh, Se-Mun,Park, Jae-Eup 한국잡초학회 한국잔디학회 2010 Weed&Turfgrass Science Vol.31 No.4

농경지에 발생하는 주요 잡초에 대한 유묘기 검색방법을 개발하기 위하여 주요 잡초 60종에 대한 양적, 질적형질을 조사하였다. 잡초 유묘를 동정하는 형질로는 질적형질이 양적형질에 비해 보다 더 유용하였다. 자엽의 형태는 타원형과 광타원형이 가장 많았다. 차풀과 큰메꽃은 자엽의 형태가 넓은 직사각형이었다. 자엽의 형태가 횡광타원형인 초종은 4종이었다. 취명아주 등 22종의 잡초는 자엽의 형태가 1개 이상이었다. 이 중 자엽의 형태가 3가지 이상인 초종은 4종으로서 마디풀과의 참소리쟁이와 여뀌 그리고 대극과의 애기땅빈대와 깨풀이었다. 새팥은 자엽이 지면아래의 종자 속에 남아 있었다. 자엽의 엽두는 원두가 가장 많았다. 자엽의 엽저는 쐐기저가 가장 많았다. 환삼덩굴과 마디풀은 자엽의 엽저가 무엽병저였다. 일부 초종은 제 1본엽기와 제 2본엽기때 본엽의 형태가 각각 상이한 경우도 있었다. 돌콩, 새팥 및 매듭풀은 제 1본엽이 각각 광란형, 심장형, 원형 또는 광도란형이었나 제 2본엽에서는 3초종 모두 3출엽으로 전개되었다. 그리고 자귀풀과 차풀은 제 1, 2본엽의 형태가 우수우상복엽이었다. 본엽의 가장자리는 주로 전연이었으나, 큰도꼬마리를 포함한 6종은 제 1, 2본엽의 엽연이 치상거치였다. 애기땅빈대는 제 1본엽의 엽연이 전연, 제 2본엽의 엽연이 치상거치였다. 명아주과의 흰명아주와 좀명아주의 엽연은 제 1본엽기에는 전연, 제 2본엽기에는 불규칙거치였다. 잡초 유묘 자엽의 양적형질은 질적형질에 비해 종 동정 시 활용도는 떨어지나 초종에 따라서는 매우 유용한 경우도 있었다. 농경지 주요 광엽잡초 유묘에 대한 자엽 및 본엽의 질적 형질을 이용하여 간이 식별법을 제시하였다. 식법법 작성 시 자엽의 형태가 1개 이상인 잡초종에 대해서는 각각의 자엽 형태를 이용하여 종 동정이 가능하도록 하였다. This study was conducted to develope identification method with major broad leaved weed seedlings. Characteristics of weed seedlings were investigated at two to four true leaf stage. Qualitative characteristics were more useful to identification of weed species than quantitative characteristics at the seedling stage. Many species were elliptic and broadly elliptic type in their cotyledon shape. Cotyledon shape of Cassia nomame and Calystegia sepium were broadly oblong. Four species were transverse broadly elliptic in their cotyledon shape. Rumex japonicus, Persicaria hydropiper, Euphorbia supina and Acalypha australis have three or more types in their cotyledon shape. Cotyledons of Vigna angularis var. nipponensis remained below ground after its germination. Many species were round in apex and were cuneate in base of cotyledon. Humulus japonicus and Polygonum aviculare were sessile in cotyledon base. The second true leaf shape of some species changed after first leaf stages. Glycine soja, V. angularis var. nipponensis and Kummerowia striata were broadly ovate, heart-shaped, orbicular or broadly obovate in their first true leaf, respectively, but the second true leaf shape of them were tripalmately compound. Aeschynomene indica and Cassia nomame were paripinnately compound leaf in their first and second true leaves. Margin of true leaves were entire in many species but six species including Xanthium occidentale were dentate in their true leaf margins. Margin of Euphorbia supina was entire in first true leaf and dentate in second true leaf. Margin of Chenopodium album and C. serotinum were entire in their first true leaf stage and erose in their second true leaf stage. The key for weed seedling identification of major weed species were made based on quantitative and qualitative morphological characteristics.

삼국 및 통일신라의 현물화폐 유통과 재정

김창석 한국역사연구회 2001 역사와 현실 Vol.- No.42

문헌 자료를 통해 본 고대 한국의 상업과 시장, 화폐

김창석 한국고고학회 2024 한국고고학전국대회 발표문 Vol.48 No.-

신라 촌락문서의 용도와 촌락의 성격에 관한 일고찰

김창석 한국고대사학회 2001 韓國古代史硏究 Vol.21 No.-

The 'Silla Village Register' was made according to the following procedures, The village head (村主) reports the collected basic materials, which mainly consisted of the census registration of each respective houses or families, Then, the pertinent hyon (縣-prefecture), so-kyung (小京-small capital or local administrative centres), and kun(郡-county or district) will synthesize such materials and they, in turn, will report them to ju(州- province) in a designated year. The province will examine the prepared documents and compare them with the precedent ones, followed by a field survey, In the end, the province arranges a new 'total document' for each village, in the coherent format like the 'Silla village register', Therefore, the 'Silla village register' is currently estimated to be a copy which supplemented the 'village total document', made in the province of ungchun(熊川州). Just like the central governmental office of the capital has supplied its own finance by receiving the operating expense through changbu (倉部-storage section) and jobu (調俯-taxation department), the local administration also seemed to have financed itself by obtaining the allotments of taxation which were gathered in local warehouses, Also some local administrations, in particular, have had managed to complement the expense with a certain portion of the taxation from a few villages that they received when given special tasks, The village shown in the 'Silla village register' has indicated signs of breeding state-distributed horses and cows. Regional administrative units above the level of hyon have had carried out the regular survey on the villages under their supervision. The highest local administration of ju must have had prepared this kind of document for all villages that it governed. Among those villages were included ones only subjected to general taxation of the state, specially designated for the financial gains of the regional government office, and those instituted from an official's stipend-town(祿邑).