http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
최선희,김종미,홍상황,Choi, Sun-Hee,Kim, Jong-Mee,Hong, Sang-Hwang 한국초등상담교육학회 2011 초등상담연구 Vol.10 No.2
본 연구는 아동청소년 교우관계문제검사(KIPR)에 잠재되어 있는 요인구조를 밝히고 검증하여 이 검사의 심리적 특성을 밝히고 해석적 유용성을 높이는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 경남지역 3개 초등학교 4~6학년 아동 616명을 대상으로 아동청소년 교우관계문제검사를 실시하였고 그 중 578명의 자료를 분석하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 3요인과 4요인 모형을 설정하여 탐색적 요인분석을 실시한 결과 3요인 모형이 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 3요인 모형에서 요인 1은 아동청소년 교우관계문제검사의 비주장성(C5), 사회적 억제(C4), 냉담(C3), 과순응성(C6) 원형척도의 문항들로 구성되어 있어서 "자신감 결여와 사회적 위축", 요인 2는 통제지배(C1), 자기중심성(C2) 원형척도의 문항들로 구성되어 있어서 "공격성과 타인조종", 요인 3은 자기희생(C7), 과관여(C8), 과순응성(C6) 원형척도의 문항들로 구성되어 있어서 "과잉배려"로 명명하였다. 둘째, 확인적 요인분석을 실시한 결과 3요인 모형은 4요인 모형보다 수집된 자료를 잘 반영하고 있었고(RMSEA=.054), 적합도는 만족할 수준은 아니지만 수용할 수 있는 수준이었고(CFI=.786), 모형의 간명성 또한 적합한 것으로 나타났다(PCFI=.733). 본 연구에서는 교우관계원형에서 상관계수가 높은 인접한 척도끼리는 동일한 요인으로 묶여지는 것을 확인하였고 이를 통해 8개의 원형척도를 망라하는 상위의 대표적인 요인척도를 구성하는데 필요한 근거를 제공하여, 이 검사의 해석적 유용성을 높였다는 점에서 의의가 있다고 생각된다. The purpose of this study is to reveal and confirm the factor structure inherent in the Korean inventory of peer relationships(KIPR; Sang-Hwang Hong, et al., 2009) in order to strengthen the interpretive usefulness of the test. For this purpose, the inventory was administered to the total of 616 children in the fourth through sixth grades in three elementary schools located in Gyungnam area, and the data from 578 of them were analyzed. The results of the study can be summarized as follows. First, as a result of the exploratory factor analysis of 3-factor and 4-factor models, the 3-factor model was found to be more appropriate. In the 3-factor model, the factor 1 is named "Lack of Self-Confidence and Social Withdrawal" as it consists of such circumplex scale items as Non-Assertiveness (C5), Social Avoidance (C4), the Cold (C3), and Too Submissive (C6). The factor 2 is named "Too Aggressive and Controlling" and consists of items Too Controlling (C1) and Hard to be Supportive (C2). The factor 3 is named "Too Caring" and consists of items Too Responsible (C7), Over Involvement (C8), and Too Submissive (C6). Second, as a result of the confirmatory factor analysis, the 3-factor model, in comparison to the 4-factor model, was found to better reflect the collected data(RMSEA=.054), its goodness of fit was not satisfactory but within the acceptable range(CFI=.786), and its power of simplicity and clarity was also adequate(PCFI=.733). In the current study, through the exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of scores from the Korean inventory of peer relationships circumplex scales, scales within the peer relationship circumplex model that are near each other and are highly correlated were confirmed to be grouped together as same factors. I believe the main merit of the study lies in the above result having provided the necessary foundation for forming the superordinate and representative scale that encompasses the eight circumplex scales, which enhances the test's interpretive usefulness.
( Sang Hyun Kim ),( Sung Hwan Hwang ),( Soon Kwon Hong ),( Jong Keun Seo ),( Ho Suk Sung ),( Sung Wook Park ),( Jeong Hwan Shin ) 대한피부과학회 2012 Annals of Dermatology Vol.24 No.4
Background: Several previous studies have suggested the improvement of atopic dermatitis (AD) in response to special fabrics. In particular, beneficial effects have been reported, following the use of anion textiles. Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of an anion textile in patients suffering from AD. Methods: We compared an anion textile with a pure cotton textile. Fifty-two atopic patients (n=52) were enrolled and divided into two groups. The patients in the test (n=25) and control (n=19) groups wore undergarments made of an anion textile or pure cotton over a period of 4 weeks. The overall severity of disease was evaluated using the SCORing atopic dermatitis (SCORAD) index, whereas, the treatment efficacy was measured using a Tewameter® (Courage & Khazaka, Cologne, Germany), Mexameter® (Courage & Khazaka) and Corneo meter® (Courage & Khazaka). Results: At the end of the study, a significant decrease in the SCORAD index was observed among the patients with AD in the test group (mean SCORAD decreased from 47.2 to 36.1). Similarly, improvements in the mean transepidermal water loss, skin erythema and stratum corneum hydration were significantly greater among the patients with AD in the test group than in the control group. Conclusion: Anion textiles may be used to significantly improve the objective and subjective symptoms of AD, and are similar in terms of comfort to cotton textiles. The use of anion textiles may be beneficial in the management of patients with AD. (Ann Dermatol 24(4) 438∼443, 2012)
Hyaluronic acid filler stimulates collagen neogenesis: case series of hand rejuvenation
( Sang Hyung Lee ),( Myoung Shin Kim ),( Hong Il Cho ),( Ki Young Park ),( Ji Hyun Lee ),( Jae Kyung Kim ),( Jong Heon Baek ),( Chong Hyun Won ),( Choon Shik Youn ),( Dong Hyun Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2015 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.67 No.1
The aging hands characterized by volume loss and changes in skin texture, resulting in thinning of skin and more visible wrinkles and vessels. This study was designed to estimate the clinical and biophysiologic effect of cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA) filler on aging hand. Furthermore, we investigated whether this effect depends on the particle size of HA filler. 8 Korean patients (age 34-74) with signs of photoaging on both hands were recruited in this study. We injected two kinds of cross-linked HA fillers, 400um and 900um sized particle, intradermally in the dorsum of both hands and obtained biopsies after 4 and 12 weeks. No serious adverse events were reported during the 12-week follow up. We observed that injected materials remained in place in treated sites. All patients showed clinical improvement in wrinkles and volume loss on treated area. RT-PCR results showed increases at 4 weeks in relative expression of the procollagen I, collagen III and tissue inhibitors (TIMP-1) at the sites treated by filler (900 um particle size) compared with untreated sites. This effect was sustained for at least 12 weeks. Interestingly, there was no significant difference in the expression of the transcriptional markers for collagen neogenesis between particle size of 400 um and 900 um HA fillers injections, at 4-week in this study.
Sang-Jo Park,Jun-Hong Park,Chan-Yong Kim,Young-Jin Seo,Oh-Heun Kwon,Jong-Gun Won,Suk-Hee Lee 한국토양비료학회 2016 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.49 No.2
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the soil fertility about plastic film house, upland, and orchard in Gyeongbuk Province, Korea. The surface chemical properties of soil samples were investigated every 4 year from 2000 year at upland, 2001 year at orchard, and 2002 year at plastic film house. During 12 year’s monitoring, mean soil pH was increased by 0.7 and 0.8 pH unit from pH 5.7 in upland and orchard, respectively, 0.5 pH unit from pH 6.5 in plastic film house. About 50% of all the field samples occupied within the recommended pH range (pH 6-7). Although soil organic matter (SOM) was gradually increased by about 10 g ㎏<SUP>-1</SUP> for 12 years, 40% of orchard, 49% of plastic film house, and 77% of upland soil samples were still below the 3% SOM. The mean concentration of available phosphate for 12 years in upland, orchard, and plastic film house were 530, 600, and 760 mg ㎏<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively. The relative frequencies exceeding the recommended available phosphate range (300-550 ㎎ ㎏<SUP>-1</SUP>) were 43%, 53%, and 66% at upland, orchard, and plastic film house soils, respectively. NH₄OAc exchangeable K⁺ of upland, orchard, and plastic film house in the last soil test were 0.8, 0.9, and 1.6 cmolc ㎏<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively. The relative frequencies above the recommended K level were 56% and 70% of orchard and plastic film house soil samples, respectively. The levels of crop nutrients except exchangeable Ca and Mg in upland soil were tended to increase gradually in the three fields. Exchangeable Mg, EC, available phosphate, organic matter and soil pH could be used as principle components to differentiate the chemical properties of three land fields. This analysis revealed that the soil fertility was affected by cropping method and field management, although additional research is needed to assess the importance of management on soil chemical properties and many fields indicate an opportunity for improvement in fertilizer management.
Atomic‐Distribution‐Dependent Electrocatalytic Activity of Au–Pd Bimetallic Nanocrystals
Hong, Jong Wook,Kim, Dongheun,Lee, Young Wook,Kim, Minjung,Kang, Shin Wook,Han, Sang Woo WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2011 Angewandte Chemie Vol.123 No.38
<P><B>Die Mischung macht's</B>: Au‐Pd‐Legierungs‐, Au@Pd‐Kern‐Schale‐, Pd‐ und Au‐Nanokristalle (NCs) mit identischer Oktaederform und ähnlicher Größe wurden hergestellt, um speziell die Auswirkung der Atomverteilung auf die Leistungsfähigkeit von NC‐Katalysatoren zu studieren. Für die Oxidation von Ameisensäure wurde eine starke Abhängigkeit der Aktivitäten und Stabilitäten dieser NCs gefunden: Au–Pd (Legierung) > Au@Pd (Kern‐Schale) > Pd ≫ Au.</P>