Sorghum Extract Lowers the Lymphatic Absorption of Trans Fat in Rats

Juyeon Kim,Myung Chul Seo,Koan Sik Woo,Sang K. Noh 한국식품영양과학회 2012 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2012 No.10

Ginsenoside Rg3 and Korean Red Ginseng extract epigenetically regulate the tumor-related long noncoding RNAs RFX3-AS1 and STXBP5-AS1

Juyeon Ham,Dawoon Jeong,Sungbin Park,Hyeon Woo Kim,Heejoo Kim,Sun Jung Kim 고려인삼학회 2019 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.43 No.4

Background: Ginsenoside Rg3, a derivative of steroidal saponins abundant in ginseng, has a range ofeffects on cancer cells, including anti-cell proliferation and anti-inflammation activity. Here, we investigatetwo long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), STXBP5-AS1 and RFX3-AS1, which are hypomethylated andhypermethylated in the promoter region by Rg3 in MCF-7 cancer cells. Methods: The lncRNAs epigenetically regulated by Rg3 were mined using methylation array analysis. Theeffect of the lncRNAs on the apoptosis and proliferation of MCF-7 cells was monitored in the presence ofRg3 or Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) extract after deregulating the lncRNAs. The expression of the lncRNAsand their target genes was examined using qPCR and Western blot analysis. The association between theexpression of the target genes and the survival rate of breast cancer patients was analyzed using theKaplan-Meier Plotter platform. Results: STXBP5-AS1 and RFX3-AS1 exhibited anti- and pro-proliferation effects, respectively, in thecancer cells, and the effects of Rg3 and KRG extract on apoptosis and cell proliferation were weakenedafter deregulating the lncRNAs. Of the genes located close to STXBP5-AS1 and RFX3-AS1 on the chromosome,STXBP5, GRM1, RFX3, and SLC1A1 were regulated by the lncRNAs on the RNA and protein level. Breast cancer patients that exhibited a higher expression of the target genes of the lncRNAs had a highermetastasis-free survival rate. Conclusion: The current study is the first to identify lncRNAs that are regulated by the presence of Rg3and KRG extract and that subsequently contribute to inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells.

Computer-Aided Enzyme Design for Preparation of Structurally Demanding Amines

Sang-Woo HAN,Juyeon KIM,Hyun-Soo CHO,Jong-Shik SHIN 한국생물공학회 2017 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.4

흰쥐에서 수수추출물이 트랜스지방산이 함유된 지방과 콜레스테롤의 흡수에 미치는 영향

김주연(Juyeon Kim),노상규(Sang Kyu Noh),우관식(Koan-Sik Woo),서명철(Myung-Chul Seo) 한국식품영양과학회 2016 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.45 No.6

본 연구는 수수의 섭취가 대표적인 트랜스지방산인 elaidic acid, linoelaidic acid와 cholesterol의 소장흡수에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 조사하기 위하여 설계하였다. 소장의 지방흡수를 in vivo 상태에서 측정하기 위해 소장흡수율 측정모델을 이용하여 십이지장주입관과 림프채취관을 삽입하는 미세수술을 진행하였다. 실험동물의 십이지장으로 146.4 μ mol trielaidin, 36.8 μmol trilinoelaidin, 452.0 μmol triolein, 1.0 μCi <SUP>14</SUP>C-cholesterol, 20.7 μmol cholesterol, 396.0 μmol Na-taurocholate, PBS buffer(pH 6.4)가 포함된 지질유화액만 공급받는 동물군을 대조군, 수수추출물이 혼합된 지질유화액을 공급받는 동물군을 수수군으로 설계하였다. 지질유화액은 시간당 3 mL씩 8시간 동안 주입하면서 림프관으로 흡수되는 elaidic acid, linoelaidic acid와 각종 지방산 그리고 <SUP>14</SUP>C-cholesterol의 양을 분석하여 수수에 의한 영향을 비교하였다. 먼저 8시간 동안 분비된 림프액의 양은 대조군과 수수군 간에 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 하지만 8시간 동안의 elaidic acid 흡수는 수수추출물의 공급으로 유의적으로 억제되는 것으로 나타났다. Linoelaidic acid 또한 마찬가지로 수수추출물 공급으로 유의적으로 그 흡수가 억제된 것으로 나타났다. 트랜스지방산을 비롯해 palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, <SUP>14</SUP>C-cholesterol 또한 대조군보다 수수군에서 흡수가 유의적으로 억제된 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과들은 수수추출물이 트랜스지방산과 cholesterol의 소장 흡수를 억제할 수 있다는 사실을 증명한다. 이번 연구를 바탕으로 수수 섭취가 트랜스 지방이나 cholesterol의 흡수를 농도 비례적으로 억제할 수 있을지, 소화흡수 과정 중 정확히 어떤 과정에 영향을 미쳤는지에 관한 연구가 앞으로 진행될 과제라고 판단된다. Excessive intake of trans fats is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Previously, we showed that green tea extract lowers intestinal absorption of cholesterol and elaidic acid in rats. This study was conducted to investigate a possible role for sorghum extract on lymphatic absorption of trans fat and cholesterol in rats. Adult male rats with lymph cannulae were infused at a rate of 3.0 mL/h for 8 h via a duodenal catheter with a lipid emulsion containing 146.4 μmol of trielaidin, 36.8 μmol of trilinoelaidin, 452.0 μmol of triolein, 1.0 μCi cholesterol labeled with <SUP>14</SUP>C (<SUP>14</SUP>C-cholesterol), 20.7 μmol of cholesterol, and 396.0 μmol of Na-taurocholate without or with 100.0 mg of sorghum extract in phosphate-buffered saline buffer (pH 6.4). Lymph was collected hourly for 8 h. No significant difference was noted in lymph flow. However, the lymphatic absorption of elaidic acid and linoelaidic acid for 8h was significantly lower in rats infused with sorghum extract than in those infused with no sorghum extract. Further, lymphatic absorption of <SUP>14</SUP>C-cholesterol was reduced by sorghum extract, which was observed previously. These data indicate that sorghum extract has an inhibitory effect on the intestinal absorption of trans fat and cholesterol. The mechanism(s) by which sorghum extract lowers intestinal absorption of trans fat warrants further study.

Effects of a Herbal Medicine, Yukgunja-Tang, on Functional Dyspepsia Patients Classified by 3-Dimensional Facial Measurement: A Study Protocol for Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Randomized Trial

Kim, Juyeon,Park, Jae-Woo,Ko, Seok-Jae,Jeon, Soo-Hyung,Kim, Jong-Won,Yeo, Inkwon,Kim, Jinsung Hindawi 2017 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2017 No.-

<P><I>Introduction</I>. Functional dyspepsia (FD), a common upper gastrointestinal disease, is difficult to manage because of the limitations of current conventional treatments. Yukgunja-tang (YGJT) is widely used to treat FD in clinical practice in Korea, Japan, and China. However, YGJT significantly improves few symptoms of FD. In Korean medicine, FD is a well-known functional gastric disease that shows difference in the effect of herbal medicine depending on constitution or type of Korean medicine diagnosis. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of YGJT on FD patients classified by 3-dimensional facial measurement using a 3-dimensional facial shape diagnostic system (3-FSDS).<I> Methods</I>. A placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized, two-center trial will be performed to evaluate the efficacy of YGJT on FD patients. Eligible subjects will be initially classified as two types by 3-dimensional facial measurement using the 3-FSDS. Ninety-six subjects (48 subjects per each type) will be enrolled. These subjects will be randomly allocated into treatment or control groups in a 2 : 1 ratio. YGJT or placebo will be administered to each group during the 8-week treatment period. The primary outcome is total dyspepsia symptom scale, and the secondary outcomes include single dyspepsia symptom scale, proportion of responders with adequate symptom relief, visual analog scale, Nepean dyspepsia index-Korean version, functional dyspepsia-related quality of life, and spleen qi deficiency questionnaire.<I> Discussion</I>. This is the first randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy of the YGJT on FD patients classified by 3-dimensional facial measurement. We will compare the treatment effect of the YGJT on FD patients classified as two types using the 3-FSDS. The results of this trial will help the FD patients improve the symptoms and quality of life effectively and provide objective evidence for prescribing the YGJT to FD patients in clinical practice.<I> Trial Registration</I>. This trial is registered with Clinical Research Information Service Identifier: KCT0001920, 15 May, 2016.</P>

Ginsenoside Rg3 and Korean Red Ginseng extract epigenetically regulate the tumor-related long noncoding RNAs RFX3-AS1 and STXBP5-AS1

Ham, Juyeon,Jeong, Dawoon,Park, Sungbin,Kim, Hyeon Woo,Kim, Heejoo,Kim, Sun Jung The Korean Society of Ginseng 2019 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.43 No.4

Background: Ginsenoside Rg3, a derivative of steroidal saponins abundant in ginseng, has a range of effects on cancer cells, including anti-cell proliferation and anti-inflammation activity. Here, we investigate two long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), STXBP5-AS1 and RFX3-AS1, which are hypomethylated and hypermethylated in the promoter region by Rg3 in MCF-7 cancer cells. Methods: The lncRNAs epigenetically regulated by Rg3 were mined using methylation array analysis. The effect of the lncRNAs on the apoptosis and proliferation of MCF-7 cells was monitored in the presence of Rg3 or Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) extract after deregulating the lncRNAs. The expression of the lncRNAs and their target genes was examined using qPCR and Western blot analysis. The association between the expression of the target genes and the survival rate of breast cancer patients was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier Plotter platform. Results: STXBP5-AS1 and RFX3-AS1 exhibited anti- and pro-proliferation effects, respectively, in the cancer cells, and the effects of Rg3 and KRG extract on apoptosis and cell proliferation were weakened after deregulating the lncRNAs. Of the genes located close to STXBP5-AS1 and RFX3-AS1 on the chromosome, STXBP5, GRM1, RFX3, and SLC1A1 were regulated by the lncRNAs on the RNA and protein level. Breast cancer patients that exhibited a higher expression of the target genes of the lncRNAs had a higher metastasis-free survival rate. Conclusion: The current study is the first to identify lncRNAs that are regulated by the presence of Rg3 and KRG extract and that subsequently contribute to inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells.

Availability of Tongue Diagnosis System for Assessing Tongue Coating Thickness in Patients with Functional Dyspepsia

Kim, Juyeon,Son, Jiyoung,Jang, Seungwon,Nam, Dong-Hyun,Han, Gajin,Yeo, Inkwon,Ko, Seok-Jae,Park, Jae-Woo,Ryu, Bongha,Kim, Jinsung Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2013 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2013 No.-

<P>Tongue diagnosis is an important procedure in traditional Korean medicine (TKM). In particular, tongue coating thickness (TCT) is deemed to show the progression of the disease. However, conventional tongue diagnosis has limitations because of various external factors. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the availability of tongue diagnosis system (TDS) in the assessment of TCT. This study has been designed as a prospective clinical trial involving 60 patients with functional dyspepsia. Tongue images will be obtained by TDS twice with a 30 min interval. The system will measure the percentage of TCT and classify it as either no coating, thin coating, or thick coating according to the existing diagnostic criteria. After finishing the collection of 60 patients' tongue images, TCT on the images will be simultaneously evaluated by the conventional method to establish the gold standard for assessing TCT by 5 well-trained clinicians. The evaluation will be repeated by the same clinicians after 2 weeks, but the order of the images will be changed. This trial is expected to provide clinical evidence for the availability of TDS as a diagnostic tool and to contribute to the standardization of the diagnosis system used in TKM. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01864837.</P>

Diffraction grating in a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal based on polyurethane acrylate

Kim, EunHee,Woo, JuYeon,Kim, ByungKyu Taylor Francis 2007 Liquid crystals Vol.34 No.1

<P> Diffraction modes of holographic grating were fabricated with polyurethane acrylates of various monomers, and with various film compositions, irradiation intensities, cell gaps and reading angles. An optimum monomer composition, LC content and irradiation intensity were obtained in terms of diffraction efficiency. Of the two types of multifunctional acrylate examined, dipentaerythritol penta-/hexa-acylate (DPHPA) gave better diffraction efficiency than the trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) throughout the monomer compositions tested. This was interpreted in terms of high elasticity of the high functionality monomer. The existence of an optimum irradiation intensity at fixed resin composition was interpreted in terms of optimum rate of cure. A monotonic increases of diffraction efficiency with cell gap and interbeam angle were also noted, implying that the grating was formed uniformly as visualized by scanning electron microscopy.</P>

Pinolenic Acid in Structured Triacylglycerols Exhibits Superior Intestinal Lymphatic Absorption As Compared to Pinolenic Acid in Natural Pine Nut Oil

Chung, Min-Yu,Woo, Hyunjoon,Kim, Juyeon,Kong, Daecheol,Choi, Hee-Don,Choi, In-Wook,Kim, In-Hwan,Noh, Sang K.,Kim, Byung Hee American Chemical Society 2017 Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol.65 No.8

<P>The positional distribution pattern of fatty acids (FAs) in the triacylglycerols (TAGs) affects intestinal absorption of these FAs. The aim of this study was to compare lymphatic absorption of pinolenic acid (PLA) present in structured pinolenic TAG (SPT) where PLA was evenly distributed on the glycerol backbone, with absorption of pine nut oil (PNO) where PLA was predominantly positioned at the sn-3 position. SPT was prepared via the nonspecific lipase-catalyzed esterification of glycerol with free FA obtained from PNO. Lymphatic absorption of PLA from PNO and from SPT was compared in a rat model of lymphatic cannulation. Significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of PLA were detected in lymph collected for 8 h from an emulsion containing SPT (28.5 +/- 0.7% dose) than from an emulsion containing PNO (26.2 +/- 0.6% dose), thereby indicating that PLA present in SPT has a greater capacity for lymphatic absorption than PLA from PNO.</P>

노인 구강건조증 환자들의 설태 양상에 관한 고찰

한가진 ( Gajin Han ),박재우 ( Jae-woo Park ),고석재 ( Seok-jae Ko ),김주연 ( Juyeon Kim ),손지영 ( Jiyoung Son ),장승원 ( Seungwon Jang ),김슬기 ( Seul-ki Kim ),김민지 ( Minji Kim ),김진성 ( Jinsung Kim ) 대한한의진단학회 2013 大韓韓醫診斷學會誌 Vol.17 No.3

Objectives The aim of this study is to analyze the characteristics of the tongue coating pattern in the elderly patients with xerostomia. Methods Ninety-six elderly patients with xerostomia were recruited by advertisement and they visited the oral diseases clinics at Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital and Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong from November, 2011 to August, 2013. After signifying the assent, the subjects who passed screening were enrolled this study. The subjects were evaluated on their clinical characteristics of xerostomia using visual analogue scale for xerostomia, dry mouth questionnaire, unstimulated salivary flow rate. In addition, Yin-deficiency questionnaire was used to evaluate the Yin-deficiency state and Winkel tongue coating index and Digital Tongue imagin system were used to measure the tongue coating of patients. Results The proportion of women was higher than that of men, and there were few smokers in this study population. This population had chronic and relatively severe xerostomia symptoms. Also, thin coating pattern was showed in this elderly patients with xerostomia and this result was regarded to the influence of Yin-deficiency. The thin coating patten was observed in the group with higher Yin-deficiency score. There was no difference in tongue coating between the hyposalivation and normosalivation group. Conclusion In the elderly patients with xerostomia, Yin-deficiency is might be considered as one of the main cause of xerostomia. Hence, it is thought that this patients showed the thin coating pattern. This results could be used in diagnosis and treatment for the elderly patients with xerostomia in traditional Korean medicine.