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      • KCI등재
      • KCI등재

        라틴아메리카 국제중재의 최근 발전경향과 특징

        조희문 韓國仲裁學會 2008 중재연구 Vol.18 No.1

        The reluctance of Latin American countries to practice international arbitration is not a new topic in international law. This reluctance historically based on Calvo Doctrine provoked not only the absence of Latin American countries from the major international commercial arbitration conventions, but obsolete national arbitration legislation. Recently, however, these countries have undertaken major steps showing that the region is no longer reluctant to practice international commercial arbitration. Most Latin American countries have ratified the 1958 Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards ("New York Convention"), the 1965 Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes ("Washington Convention") and the 1975 Inter-American Convention on International Commercial Arbitration ("Panama Convention"). The majority of Latin American countries have also modified and adapted their national legislation on arbitration to the UNCITRAL model law. Even judiciary has been following this pro-arbitration. This article will focus on some of these factors provoking the acceptance of international commercial arbitration in Latin America to trace the common trends and characteristics in an attempt to understand better how international arbitration set on its place firmly. For this purpose we selected five countries, Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Mexico and Venezuela, to analyse legislations and jurisprudence. Latin America is ready to challenge any obstacles to promote arbitration as alternative methods of judicial resolution. There is an ever-increasing number of international arbitration in Latin America. Both practitioners and judiciary have shown desires to promote the resolution of disputes by arbitration and used the legal instruments to ensure that process interpreting and applying legislations for pro-arbitration. Even there remains Calvo Doctrine's culture in Latin America still now, it should be certain this culture will disappear from the conduct of international arbitration.

      • KCI등재
      • PDGF와 IGF-I 병용 사용시 치주인대세표의 증식과 세포활성에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

        서조영,신홍인,경희문 경북대학교 병원 1997 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.1 No.1

        Current acceptable methods for promoting periodontal regeneration are based on removal of diseased soft tissue, root treatment, guided tissue regeneration, introduction of new graft materials and biological mediators. Insulin-like growth factor-I(IGF-I) and Platelet-derived growth factor-BB(PDGF-BB), the members of the polypeptuyde growth factor family have been reported as the biological mediators which regulate a variety cellular matrix biologic activities of wound healing process including the cell proliferation, migration and extracellular matrix synthesis. The purposes of this study is to evaluate the combination effects of IGF-I and PDGF-BB on the cellular activity of the periodontal ligament cells to act as a regeneration promoting agent of periodontal tissue. Human periodontal ligament cells were prepared from the first permolar tooth extracted for the orthodontic treatment and were cultured in DMEM containing 10% FBS at the 37。C, 5% CO2 incubator. Author measured the DNA synthetic activity, and total protein, collagen and noncollagenous protein synthetic activities according to the concentration of 10, 100ng/ml IGF-I and 1, 10 ng/ml PDGF-BB in combination. The results were as follows: significantly increased in the 1 ng/ml PDGF-BB alone compared to the 10 ng/ml PDGF-BB alone(P<0.01)and in the 1 ng/ml PDGF-BB AND 10, 100NG/ML IGF-I in combination compared to the 1ng/ml PDGF-BB alone (P<0.05,P<0.01). The synthetic activity of the noncollagenous protein is increased according to the concentration of IGF_I, but not statistically significant(P>0.05). The percent of collagen is significantly in the 1ng/ml PDGF-BB and 10ng/ml IGF-I in combination compared to the 1ng/ml PDGF-BB alone(P0.05) and in the 10ng/ml IGF-I in combination compared to the 10ng/ml PDGF-BB alone(P<0.05). The synthetic activity of the DNA is in conclusions, the percent study shows that PDGF-BB and IGF-I in combination have a potentiality to enhance the DNA synthesis and the total protein and collagen synthesis of the periodontal ligament cells, especially it is more significant in the low concentration PDGF-BB compared to the high one. Thus, the PDGF-BB and IGF-I in combination may have important roles in promotion of periodontal ligament healing, and consequently, may useful for clinical application in periodontal regenerative procedures.

      • 만성 화농성 중이염의 세균학적 고찰

        윤신의,문문만,김승찬,박희완,나한조,최봉남 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1991 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.16 No.1

        The chronic suppurative otitis media is one of the most common disease in the otologic field. And the works on bacterial distribution of chronic suppurative otitis media were studied by many otologist, but there is some difference. The bacteriologic study was done on 126 cases of chronic suppurative otitis media who visited the Department of Otolaryngology, Chosun University Hospital between January 1989 and December 1989 and the following conclusions were obtained. 1) In sex distribution, the male had higher incidence rate than female (M: 56.3%, F:43.7%). 2) In age distribution, 3rd decade (34.1%), 2nd decade (34.1%), were most prevalent. 3) In duration of the disease, the hightest frequence was below 5 years duration 4) Among 126 cases, 98 cases(77.8%) were unilateral (right ear was 47 cases(37.3%) and left ear was 51 cases(40.5%))and 28 cases(22.2%) were bilateral. 5) The 136 cases(88.3%) showed the positive results under culture, but 18 cases(11.7%) didn't growthed. Among 136 cases 95 cases(61.7%) had single infection and the 41 cases(26.6%) had mixed infection. 6) The most frequently isolated bacteria was staphylococcus(38 strains, 27.9%) and next were proteus(27 strains, 19.9%) and pseudomonas (22 strains, 16.2%). 7) The Staphylococcus was sensitive to cephalothin(94.7%), amikacin(78.9%) and resistant to penicaIin(63.2%). 8) The Proteus was sensitive to amikacin(92.6%), cephalothin(88.9%) and resistant to minocycline(81.5%) and gentamicin(70.4%). 9) The Pseudomonas was sensitive to amikadn(86.4%), gemtamicin(59.1%) and resistant to minocycline(90.9%), ampicillin(86.4%) and cephalothin(86.4%).

      • CsI(Ag) 단결정의 육성과 섬광특성

        도시홍,이우교,오문영,정용조,강갑중,김도성,김완,강희동 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1998 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.9 No.1

        CsI(Ag) single crystals doped with 0.001, 0.003 and 0.005 mole % silver as activator were grown using the Czochralski method. The gamma ray energy spectrum is measured by the CsI(Ag) single crystals coupled to photomultiflier tube. It was confirmed that the crystal structure of grown CsI(Ag) was bcc, and that its lattice constant was 4.568Å. The energy resolution of CsI(Ag) for Cs-137 gamma ray was maximum when CsI(Ag) was doped 0.003 mole % silver, and its value was 9.84% the pulse height from the scintillation detector system using the CsI(Ag) single crystals was linear to gamma ray energy.

      • SCIESCOPUSKCI등재
      • KCI등재

        Direito constitucional e direito internacional no mundo globalizado

        ( Jo Hee-moon ) 한국포르투갈-브라질학회 2007 포르투갈-브라질 연구 Vol.4 No.1

        There has been an inherent tension between constitutional law and international law. This tension stems from the fact that constitutional law is a fundamental norm to maintain legal order of national society and international law is to support international society. Even though sovereign states played main role in establishing international legal order, desiring those order to regulate relations among nations, international law has expanded its scope of application, entering into the border of domestic jurisdictions. In fact, the development of international society has created tension with domestic society. In the past, sovereign states desired the international law to cover a relatively limited domain of foreign relations among nations with states’ consent and without entering into domestic domain of each state. However, international society has been evolving to the direction to strengthen its power to compulsory adjudication and enforcement mechanism limiting traditional domestic domains. In this sense, the tendency of international tribunals has been always to refer to domestic jurisprudences and national laws as supplementary source and proof. On the contrary, domestic courts tend to not to apply international law and, if possible, interpret international rules so as not to disturb national interests. However, there exist new tendency among states to distinguish international norms in hierarchical order in domestic legal order. For example, some Latin American countries like Brazil treat international human rights norms as ordinary constitutional norms putting them above federal law. This shows influence of globalization on constitutional law, as international law tending to domestication and constitutional law to internationalization as a result of their incessant interactions. In this sense, their relationship is more in détente mode than the past. The purpose of this article is to get a better understanding of the relationship between constitutional law and international law in a global age through the influence of globalization process in domestic and international societies. For this purpose the article traced the paradigm shift of constitutional laws analyzing some new constitutional norms, and shift of paradigm of international law, assessing the practice of constitutional courts and international adjudications. During 21 century, it will increase the international influences on constitutional law in global society, treating global concerns such as human rights, environment, poverty, terrorism, collective security, social inclusion, digital inclusion. It will also be obvious the migration of constitutional norms into international law as international society tends to be more organized, showing fusion phenomenon in the areas where international cooperation are needed. Consequently, it requires constitutional judges to give more attention and understanding on international law when they interpret legal issues on international concern.

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