Performances of the Effervescent Atomizer for Water Mist Fire Extinguishing

( Jin Xiang Wu ),( Qiang Liang ),( Lian Sheng Liu ),( Yun Zhong Yan ),( En Yu Wang ),( Qing Miao ) 한국액체미립화학회 2005 한국액체미립화학회 학술강연회 논문집 Vol.2005 No.-

Based on the mechanism of effervescent atomization, a new effervescent atomization system of water mist was designed. In this system, the gas medium is carbon dioxide, which is soluble and can be used in fire suppression. High pressure saturated carbon dioxide-water solution flowed through the throttle orifice, carbon dioxide was bubbled, and the two-phase flow was formed in the mixing chamber of nozzle. At last, the water mist was formed downstream of the exit orifice of nozzle. In order to examine the feasibility of this system, data were collected, processed and analyzed with DUAL PDA. The velocity profile and drop-size distribution (D10, D32, Dv0.9) downstream of the effervescent atomizer were gained. The efficiency of fire suppression of this system were experimentally investigated by putting out the fire of industry alcohol and diesel oil. The experimental results showed that this water mist system is feasible for fire suppression.

Perineal raphe with special reference to its extension to the anus

Zhe Wu Jin,Yu Jin,Xiang Wu Li,Gen Murakami,José,Francisco Rodrí,guez-Vá,zquez,Joerg Wilting 대한해부학회 2016 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.49 No.2

The raphe of the human penis and scrotum is considered to develop secondarily after disappearance of the initial midline seam by fusion of the bilateral genital folds. However, the fetal development was still obscure. We examined histological sections of 30 fetuses (17 males and 13 females) at 10–15 weeks. In male fetuses, the scrotum was not yet clearly identified because of no descent of testis. The perineal raphe was thin and wavy at 10 weeks, and it was continuous with and took a direction same as the inferior wall of the closed penile urethra after physiological hypospadias. Depending on growth of the bulbospongiosus muscle and corpus spongiosus penis, the midline intermuscular septum obtained a connection to the subcutaneous wavy raphe and made the latter thick and straight at 12–15 weeks. Notably, the perineal raphe extended posteriorly to attach to the external anal sphincter. In female fetuses, an epithelial fusion occurred along a short distance at the posterior end of the vestibule. However, in front of the external anal sphincter, a large midline mesenchymal tissue from the urorectal septum did not contain a raphe-like structure. Moreover, since the bilateral bulbospongiosus muscles were separated widely by the vestibule, they did not provide a midline septum. Fetal development of the perineal raphe was accelerated by reinforcement from the muscular septum. In contrast, without such a muscular support, the female raphe could not maintain its growth even if the seed appeared at the posterior end of the vestibule.

Descent of mesonephric duct to the final position of the vas deferens in human embryo and fetus

Zhe Wu Jin,Hiroshi Abe,Nobuyuki Hinata,Xiang Wu Li,Gen Murakami,José Francisco Rodríguez-Vázquez 대한해부학회 2016 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.49 No.4

Because the ureter arises from the mesonephric or Wolffian duct (WD), the WD opening should migrate inferiorly along the urogenital sinus or future urethra. However, this process of descent has not been evaluated morphometrically in previous studies and we know little about intermediate morphologies for the descent. In the present work, serial sagittal sections of 15 specimens at gestational age 6-12 weeks and serial horizontal sections of 20 specimens at 6-10 weeks were analyzed. Monitoring of horizontal sections showed that, until 9 weeks, a heart-, lozenge- or oval-shape of the initial urogenital sinus remained in the bladder and urethra. Thus, the future bladder and urethra could not be distinguished by the transverse section or plane. The maximum width of the urogenital sinus or bladder at 6-10 weeks was 0.8 mm, although its superoinferior length reached 5 mm at 10 weeks. During earlier stages, however, the medial shift of the WD was rather evident. Depending on the extent of upward growth of the bladder smooth muscle, the descent of the vas deferens became evident at 10-12 weeks. Development of the urethral rhabdosphincter likely resulted in the differentiation of urogenital sinus into the urethra and bladder before formation of the bladder neck with 3-layered smooth muscles. Development of the prostate followed these morphological changes, later accelerating the further descent of the WD opening. Because of their close topographical relationships, slight anomalies or accidents of the umbilical cord at 10-12 weeks may have a significant effect on normal anatomy.

Phase II Study of Pemetrexed as Second or Third Line Combined Chemotherapy in Patients with Colorectal Cancer

Wu, Xue-Yan,Huang, Xin-En,You, Shan-Xi,Lu, Yan-Yan,Cao, Jie,Liu, Jin,Xiang, Jin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.3

Purpose: To investigate the safety and efficacy of pemetrexed combined with chemotherapy as second or third line in patients with stage IV colorectal cancer (CRC). Patients and Methods: This trial was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of pemetrexed given to patients with recurrent or metastatic colorectal carcinoma who previously received 5-FU-based chemotherapy. All patients were required to have a histological diagnosis of colorectal adenocarcinoma with measurable metastatic disease and prior chemotherapy. Patients received pemetrexed at a dose of 500 $mg/m^2$ by 10 minute infusion on day 1, repeated every 21 days. Doses were modified depending on nadir counts. Combined chemotherapy included Oxaliplatin, Irinotecan and cis-platinum. Results: Thirty patients were enrolled and twenty-nine were evaluable for response. One patient did not have repeat radiological testing to determine response because he went off study after only one cycle of treatment for economic reasons. For 29 evaluable patients, 1 partial response, 6 stable disease and 22 progressive disease were recorded. Response rate was 3.45% (1/29). All responses occurred in patients receiving a starting dose of pemetrexed 500 $mg/m^2$. Median time to progression for all eligible patients was 2.5 months. The most common toxicities experienced were mild to moderate fever, hepatic damage, myelosuppression, nausea, vomiting, constipation, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and skin rash. Conclusion: Pemetrexed at 500 $mg/m^2$ given every three weeks combined with chemotherapy is associated with moderate response and good tolerability in patients with stage IV CRC.

Improvement of the extraction yield and nutritional composition of Tofu by-products (Biji) by ultra high pressure homogenization process

Jin-mi Yoon,Sha Li,Myung-Chul Yun,Yong-Xiang Wu,Jin-young Kim,Hyun-Seok Kim,Taewan Kim 한국식품영양과학회 2013 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2013 No.11

Novel AgCl/Ag2SO3 Hybrids as a Visible-Light-driven Photocatalyst: Preparation, Characterization, and Degradation of Rhodamine-B and Methyl Orange

Xiang-Feng Wu,Yi-Jin Wang,Zuo-Lin Cao,Yan-Mei Feng,Hui Li,Chen-Xu Zhang,Jun-Zhang Su,Jia-Rui Zhang,Yi-Wei Wang,Kai-Yuan Wang,Guo-Wen Sun 대한화학회 2018 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.39 No.7

The novel AgCl/Ag2SO3 hybrids as an efficient photocatalyst had been fabricated by an in situ synthetic method. The correlations between the structure and the photocatalytic properties of the as-fabricated hybrids were analyzed. Experimental results exhibited that with increasing the amount of Ag2SO3, the degradation rate of the as-obtained samples was firstly increased and then decreased under the visible light irradiation. When the mass ratio of AgCl to Ag2SO3 was 1:2, in 30?min, it displayed the highest degradation rate of 99.2% for rhodamine-B, which was obviously higher than 46.1, 60.5, and 14.6% of pure AgCl, Ag2SO3, and TiO2 (P25), respectively. Similar results could be found in degradation of methyl orange. It had the maximum of 97.4% in 90?min, which was higher than 55.2, 48.7, and 12.7% of pure AgCl, Ag2SO3, and P25, respectively. Moreover, the as-prepared hybrids possessed the enhanced separation and transfer of photo-generated electron?hole pairs compared to the pure samples. In addition, the holes and superoxide radicals played the dominant role and the hydroxyl radicals played the secondary role during the process of photocatalytic degradation.

Anti-obesity effects of Saururs chinesis Baill in C57BL/6N obese mice

Jin Young Kim,Sha Li,Myoung Chul Yoon,Yong-Xiang Wu,Youn-Moon Park,Hyun-Seok Kim,Taewan Kim 한국식품영양과학회 2014 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2014 No.10

Dammarane-type saponins from heat-processed Gynostemma pentaphyllum show fortified activity against A549 cells

Xiang-Lan Piao,Qian Wu,박서영,Dao-Jin Chen,Huimin Liu,Jing Yang 대한약학회 2013 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.36 No.7

An ethanol extract from heat-processedGynostemma pentaphyllum showed more potent cytotoxicactivity against human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cellsthan that of raw G. pentaphyllum. Four constituents wereisolated from heat-processed G. pentaphyllum using resinHP-20, silica gel and reversed ODS column chromatography. They were identified by mass and NMR spectra asdamulin A and damulin B, gypenoside L and gypenosideLI, respectively. To evaluate the efficacy of these fourconstituents, the MTT cytotoxicity assay was performedusing A549 cells. Based on the structure of these fourconstituents, the results indicate that the hydroxyl group inC-2 and double bond in C20(21) and C20(22) positions areof importance in inhibition of A549 cell proliferation.

Expression profiles of microRNAs in skeletal muscle of sheep by deep sequencing

Zhi-Jin Liu,Cun-Yuan Li,Xiao-Yue Li,Yang Yao,Wei Ni,Xiang-Yu Zhang,Yang Cao,Wureli Hazi,Dawei Wang,Renzhe Quan,Shuting Yu,Yuyu Wu,Songmin Niu,Yulong Cui,Yaseen Khan,Shengwei Hu 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.6

Objective: MicroRNAs are a class of endogenous small regulatory RNAs that regulate cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Recent studies on miRNAs are mainly focused on mice, human and pig. However, the studies on miRNAs in skeletal muscle of sheep are not comprehensive. Methods: RNA-seq technology was used to perform genomic analysis of miRNAs in prenatal and postnatal skeletal muscle of sheep. Targeted genes were predicted using miRanda software and miRNA-mRNA interactions were verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. To further investigate the function of miRNAs, candidate targeted genes were enriched for analysis using gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment. Results: The results showed total of 1,086 known miRNAs and 40 new candidate miRNAs were detected in prenatal and postnatal skeletal muscle of sheep. In addition, 345 miRNAs (151 up-regulated, 94 down-regulated) were differentially expressed. Moreover, miRanda software was performed to predict targeted genes of miRNAs, resulting in a total of 2,833 predicted targets, especially miR-381 which targeted multiple muscle-related mRNAs. Furthermore, GO and KEGG pathway analysis confirmed that targeted genes of miRNAs were involved in development of skeletal muscles. Conclusion: This study supplements the miRNA database of sheep, which provides valuable information for further study of the biological function of miRNAs in sheep skeletal muscle.

중국의 통신가격에 대한 법규제

吳東鎬(Wu Dong-gao),金香蘭(Jin Xiang-lan) 서울대학교 공익산업법센터 2011 경제규제와 법 Vol.4 No.1

2000년에 중국 국무원(중앙정부)은 〈통신조례〉를 제정 반포하였다. 본 조례는 비록 전국인민대표대회 및 그 상무위원회에서 제정한 법률은 아니지만 현재 중국 통신영역에서의 유일한 종합성적인 법규범이다. 본 조례는 특히 한개 장절의 편폭으로 통신가격에 관하여 규정하고 있으며 통신가격의 유형, 정부가 통신가격을 결정하는 기본원칙, 통신가격결책기관 및 그 절차 등을 명확히 하고 있다. 그후 2002년에 중국 중앙정부의 통신산업 주요 담당기관인 국가계획발전위원회(현재의 국가발전과 개혁위원회)와 정보산업부(현재의 공업과 정보화부)가 공동으로 〈통신가격 비준등록 절차규정〉을 제정하였다. 본 규정은 상술한 〈통신조례〉 중의 통신가격에 관한 규정의 내용을 세밀화하였으며 통신가격 공개, 통신업계의 自主定價에 관한 감독 등의 제도를 확립하였다. 상술한 두개의 법규범을 바탕으로 중국은 초보적으로 통신 가격에 관한 법제도를 설립하게 되었다. 통신가격의 결정방식에 관하여 상술한 법규범은 비록 政府定價, 政府指導價, 市場調節價등 방식을 규정하고 있지만 政府定價방식을 아주 작은 범위에 한정하고 그 밖의 방식의 적용범위를 확대하고 있는바 이는 사실상 통신가격 결정에 있어서의 경영업자의 자율적 공간의 확충으로 이해할 수 있다. 政府定價, 政府指導價방식의 통신가격 결정주체에 관하여 상술한 법규정에 의하면 〈공업과 정보화부〉는 응당 통신가격심의위원회를 설립하여야 한다. 당해 위원회는 통신가격 제정 또는 조정에 관한 결책권을 행사한다. 문제는 상술한 〈규정〉이 통신가격방안의 구체설계자로서의 통신가격심의위원회를 명확히 하고 있지만 당해 기구의 구성상황을 규정하지 않고 있으며 또한 비록 당해 기구의 운영방식을 규정하고 있다 하더라도 그 운영절차에 대해서는 구체적으로 규정하고 있지 않다. 따라서 구체적인 가격방안의 제출절차는 역시 불투명하다. 중국의 법규범은 상술한 두가지 유형의 통신가격에 관하여 중국정부가 주동적으로 가격을 결정하는 제도를 확립하였을 뿐만아니라 정부의 규제대상인 통신업자에게 가격조정신청권한을 부여하였으며 해당 권리의 실현 경로를 명확히 하였다. 문제는 비록 대체적인 가격조정신청절차와 신청서의 내용을 규정하고 있으나 관련된 많은 구체절차가 불명확하다는 것이다. 상술한 법규정에 의하면 정부는 등록, 처벌 및 가격조정 명령 등 수단으로 통신업자의 자주적 가격결정행위에 대하여 감독권을 행사한다. 문제는 상술한 규정이 등록제도만 규정하였을뿐 통신업자가 어떠한 절차로 등록하는가에 대해서는 규정하지 않고 있다. Chinese State Council formulated ‘Telecommunications Regulations’ in 2000. Though this regulation was not the law which the National People’s Congress and the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress made, it is the only comprehensive legal norms right now. Its publication terminated the state which Chinese telecommunication didn’t have own law. SDPC and MII formulated ‘Examining and keeping Records Procedure Regulation of Telecommunication Fees’ in 2002. This regulation got into detail a bit and established telecommunication fees’ open system, supervision system for independent pricing of telecommunication business operators. Therefore, China has established a preliminary law system of telecommunication fees. The above regulations set three certain kinds of government pricing, government guidance pricing and market regulation pricing. Government pricing is limited to small range, but government guidance pricing and market regulation pricing’ applicable scope are enlarged. This actually enlarged independent space of communication business operators. According to the regulations, MIIT should found Review Committee of Communication Fees which decides whether to set or adjust fees. The problem is that the regulations although explicit the Review Committee of Communication Fees as designer of two kinds of communication fees scheme, its composition and operate procedure are not regulated. Consequently, proposing procedure of specific price scheme is very opaque. As for above two kinds of communication fees, Chinese government not only established government active pricing system, but also gave the application rights of adjusting pricing to communication business operators who are supervised by government and answered how to realize the rights. The problem is that application procedure and application content of adjusting pricing of communication business operators are regulated by and large, but a lot of specific procedures are not clear. In addition, according to the regulations, government supervises the independent pricing behavior of communication business operators by keeping records, punishing and requiring adjusting pricing, etc. The problem is that the regulations only stipulated keeping records system, and the communication business operators how to keep records is unknown.