The expression patterns of RANKL and OPG in murine tooth eruption

Hwang, Kyung-Mun,Kim, Eun-Jung,Kim, Hyun-Jung,,Kim, Young-Jin,Nam, Soon-Hyeun 大韓小兒齒科學會 2006 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.33 No.2

치아의 맹출은 치아기 (dental organ)와 치조골의 세포와 연관된 매우 복잡한 과정이다. 우선 치아 맹출이 일어나기 전에 파골세포가 치낭으로 집결하게 된다. 이러한 치낭의 역할은 파골세포와 조골세포의 상호작용으로 이루어 지는 골개조와 밀접한 관련이 있는데, 이는 치아 맹출과 연관된 많은 유전자들이 치낭에서 발현되기 때문이다. RANKL는 TNF ligand family로써 조골세포에 존재하며 파골세포의 형성 및 전구세포로 부터의 활성화를 유도한다. 이러한 RANKL은 OPG에 의해 그 작용이 억제되며 RANKL와 OPG의 상대적인 비율이 파골세포의 형성에 영향을 미친다. 또한 Runx2유전자의 변이는 조골세포의 분화와 활성에 차질을 가져오고 결국 RANKL/OPG pathway를 통해 파골세포 형성에 영향을 줄 수 있다. 치아의 발육 및 맹출에 미치는 RANKL 및 OPG의 영향을 알아보고 Runx2와의 연관성을 알아보기 위해 in situ hybridization 방법으로 태생 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11일된 쥐의 하악 및 제1대구치를 사용하여 실험을 실시한 결과 RANKL, OPG, Runx2의 mRNA가 태생 1일부터 11일까지 치낭 및 치아주위조직에 특성있게 나타났다. 이중 태생 5일에서 9일 사이에 RANKL 및 Runx2는 치아의 교합면측과 하방 치조골 부위의 발현이 강하게 나타난 반면 OPG는 약한 발현을 보였다. 이는 또한 파골세포의 활성부위를 알아보기 위해 TRAP염색을 실시하여 태생 5일에서 9일 사이에 최대의 활성화를 나타낸 결과와 연광성 있게 나타났다. RANKL, OPG, Runx2의 특성있는 발현양상들을 종합해 볼 때, 치아 맹출은 치낭, 치아기, 치조골 사이의 상호 작용을 통해 이루어 지며, 이는 치낭이 치아 맹출에 있어서 매우 중요하다는 것을 의미한다. 또한, 이러한 유전자들 (RANKL, OPG, Runx2) 이 치아의 맹출에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 사료된다. Tooth eruption is a complex and tightly regulated process that involves cells of the tooth organ and the surrounding alveolus. Osteoclast precursors must be recruited into the dental follicle prior to the onset of eruption. This function of dental follicle may be regarded as the ability of bone remodeling characterized by the interaction of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. This is because tooth eruption is a localized event in which many of the genes required for eruption are expressed in the dental follicle. RANKL is a membrane-bound protein that is a member of the TNF ligand family, which is present on bone marrow stromal cells and osteoblasts, and induces osteoclast formation and activation from precursor cell. The biologic effect of RANKL is inhibited by OPG and, in bone, the relative ratio of RANKL and OPG modulates osteoclastogenesis. To evaluate the roles of RANKL and OPG in tooth eruption and the relations with the expression pattern of Runx2, in situ hybridization was performed with mandibles of mice at postnatal stage 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11. mRNA of RANKL, OPG, and Runx2 are expressed in dental follicle and surrounding tissue from P1 to 11. To determine the sites of osteoclastic activity duing tooth eruption, mandibles were dissected. Peak osteoclastic activity in alveolar bone along the occlusal and basal regions was observed from P5 to 9, with osteoclasts in these regions being large and strongly TRAP-positive. The specific spatic-temporal expression patterns of RANKL, OPG and Runx2 in our study suggest that tooth eruption could be progressed through the interactions of molecular signaling among dental follicle, dental organ and alveolar bone, furthermore it means that dental follicle is quite important in tooth eruption. In addition, it indicates that these genes (RANKL, OPG, and Runx2) play critical roles in tooth eruption.

과학적 근거 중심 평가를 도입한 마늘의 콜레스테롤 조절 기능성 평가

김인혜;조강진;김진영;황경아;황유진;채유진;엄애선 한양대학교 2010 韓國 生活 科學 硏究 Vol.30 No.1

Garlic (Allium sativum) is used a flavouring agent and a traditional medicine in human history. Numerous studies support the fact that garlic intake may have effect on cholesetrol-lowering. No claims currently have been made about garlic intake and cholesterol-lowering effect with respect to health claim in Korea. The aim of this study was to evaluate the scientific evidence on garlic intake and cholesterol-lowering effect by the scientific evidence-based rating system of Korean Food and Drug Administration for health claim. We carried out a comprehensive search of the Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and manual searches of relevant journals for studies between 1955-2009. The search terms were garlic and Allium sativum in combination with cholesterol. Eighteen clinical stidies were included and reviewed to evaluate the strength of evidence that supports a relation between garlic intake and cholesterol-lowering effect. Our results suggests that level of scientific evidence on garlic intake and cholesterol-lowering effect is "other function (II) probable".

I-SSR 標識子를 利用한 호도나무屬의 識別 및 類緣關係 分析

黃錫仁,曺炅眞,李文鎬,李在善,李炳實,李郁 한국임학회 2004 한국산림과학회지 Vol.93 No.7

DNA 표지자를 이용한 호도나무 품종의 유연관계 및 품종구분을 위하여 I-SSR 9개 표지를 이용하여 104개의 유의적인 표지가 얻어졌으며, 신품종 호도나무를 포함한 83개 국내외 품종(종)에 대해 DNA 지문에 의한 품종식별이 가능하였다. 수원 1호, 수원 2호, 왕호도는 모두 Conrord, McKinster 등 미국에서 도입된 대립성 품종과의 인공교배로 육성된 품종으로 유전적 유연관계가 상촌 4호 등 국내 선발종보다는 산성 4호×Concord의 교배종과 더 가까웠다. 국내 선발종 호도나무인 상촌 2호, 상촌 4호 및 산성 4호 이들 끼리 한 그룹을 이루고 있는데 이는 국내의 호도나무가 외국품종과 구분되는 유전적 동질성이 있음을 보여주었다. 영동은 개체선발로 육성되었으나 외국종과 교배에 의하여 육성된 교잡종들과 같은 무리에 속하였는데, 이는 영동 품종은 외국 품종의 교배에 의해 외래 유전자 일부가 유입된 것이 아닌가 추정된다. Concord×상촌 1호., Concord×상촌 2호, Concord×대부 1호가 한 무리를 이루었고 Lake×상촌 2호가 이들과 구분되는 것은 교배차대가 유전적으로 화분수보다는 모수의 영향을 더 많이 받고 있음을 보여준다. Using 104 fragments amplified from 9 I-SSR primers, a total of 83 cultivars in Juglans spp. including new cultivars used for the present study were identified. The new cultivars 'Suwon No.1', 'Suwon No.2', and 'Wanghodo' are hybrids between the domestic cultivars and the introduced cultivars such as 'Concord' and 'McKinster' bearing big nuts. Consequently, these cultivars were closer to the hybrid between 'Sansung 4×Concord' than to domestically selected cultivars such as 'Sangehon 4' from the viewpoint of genetic relationship. The domestic cultivars such as 'Sangchon 2', 'Sangchon 4', and 'Sansung 4' belonged to the same group and were genetically distinctive from the introduced cultivars. This suggests that there would be difference in genetic structure between the domestic and the introduced cultivars. The cultivar 'Yeongdong' was clustered into the group of hybrids between the domestic and the introduced cultivars although it was developed by the selection of a tree from a domestic population. This might be because the genes were introduced from the introduced cultivars into the domestic population via open-pollination. The 'Concordx×Sangchon 1', 'Concord×Sangchon 2', and 'Concord×Daebu 1' were Clustered into the same group whereas 'Lake×Sangchon 2' was clustered into the different group. This ndicates that the genetic characteristics of hybrids may be influence more strongly by the mother tree than by the father tree.

공연향상을 위한 목표설정 관련 요인분석

황규자,배진경 한국스포츠리서치 2005 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.16 No.2

In this study, I deal with four different aspects with the view of developing motivation for the enhancement of dance performance: 1) physical aspects such as strength, flexibility, and stamina 2) mental aspects such as motivation, confidence, intensity, and concentration 3) techniques such as double turns, and jumps 4) lifestyle such as sleep, diet, school, and society. I interviewed thirty dance major students at H University in Seoul for these aspects of dance-related aptitude and I reached the following results. The strengths for the physical aspect are flexibility of the body, ability to balance, ability to jump, good speed, inborn good body type, and high energy. The weaknesses are tension of the body, bad body alignment, lack of physical strength, and undesired inborn body type. The strengths for the mental aspect are high motivation, confidence for expression, and concentration. The weaknesses are changing moods, lack of concentration, frequent slumps, and difficulty to control anxiety. The strengths for the technical aspect are expression of various movements, mastery of highly difficult techniques, good use of eyes, and good expression of emotions. The weaknesses are avoidance of movements one feels incompetent for, inaccuracy of movements, bad use of eyes, and bad expression of emotions. The strengths for the lifestyle are regularity of life, ability to adjust to social life with other people, good eating habits, and positive attitudes for life. The weaknesses are irregularity of life, bad eating habits, and lack of sociability.

두가지 혈류 유발방법에 의한 새로운 심폐소생술(이중 혈류 유발 심폐소생술)장치의 개발

황성오,김현,조준휘,오범진,임종천,최경훈,윤정한,이승환,김영식,이강현,이윤선 大韓應急醫學會 1999 대한응급의학회지 Vol.10 No.2

Background: There have been many efforts to augment blood flow during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. These efforts have focused on maximizing the effect of cardiac pump or thoracic pump alone. However, considering that the heart is the biggest blood reservoir and increase of intrathoracic pressure can generate blood flow, simultaneous exploitation of both mechanisms may have synergistic effect. We hypothesized that simultaneous chest constriction in addition to sternal compression by standard CPR may have additive hemodynamic effects by preventing deformation of the chest and increase of intrathoracic pressure. Methods and results: we built a new mechanical device to perform compression and thoracic constriction simultaneously. The device consists of two main elements. Piston in the center is to depress the sternum. Strap is to constrict the thorax circumferentially. Strap is attached to both sides of the piston. When the piston is pushed down, it depresses the sternum and pulls on the thoracic strap. To determine strap width to produce optimal hemodynamic effect, we measured hemodynamic parameters with variable widths of strap in two dogs after induction of ventricular fibrillation. Result of the experiment showed that 10cm wide strap was determined to be most effective. We also determined optimal depth of compression to produce maximal hemodynamic effect with animal experiments using two dogs. Animal experiments showed that the highest aortic pressure could be generated when the stemum was depressed to 5 cm. Cardiopulmonary resusciation using a new device could generate higher systolic aortic pressure, coronary perfusion pressure and end-tidal carbon dioxide tension in comparison with standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a pilot animal study using two dogs. Conclusion: New cardiopulmonary resuscitation method using a mechanical device designed by us could perform sternal compression and simultaneous thoracic constriction, and generate better hemodynamic effects than standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pilot animal experiments.

도시 주부의 생활환경 문제에 대한 의식과 관리행동

황경혜,정진희,이정우 숙명여자대학교 생활과학연구소 1993 生活科學硏究誌 Vol.8 No.-

The purpose of this study is to investigate the urban housewives and the level of their consciousness and management in the problems of living environment, and to analize the major factors which make various effects. On the findings of these data, author myself is to inspire the environmental accountability and the role in environment preservation, and to provide the grounding materials, by which housewives are realistically awakened to their new significance in the environment problems in the life area. The period of investigation was a month in august, 1993, and the subject of it was limited to the housewives who were living in Kwang-Ju. the 650 sheets of questionnaires were distributed to them and the 536 sheets of them were used in research materials. The data which was obtained got the frequency percentage and the arithmetic mean by way of SAS, and were analyzed by F-test, Duncan's multiful rangement, Pearson's coefficient analysis and stepwise multiful regression. The major findings is summarized as follows: 1) The average score of housewives consciousness and management behavior on the problems of living environment are 74.14 on the scale of 115 (64.46 on the scale of 100) and 69.80 on the scale of 115 (60.69 on the scale of 100). 2) Housewives'age, education and income, the attitude on the household labor, the satisfaction in the family life and the perceptibility in the time pressure are the variables which have an influence on their consciousness in the problems of the living environment, while their age, education, the satisfaction of the family life and the attitude on the household labor are the variables which have an influence on their management behavior in them. 3) There are relatively a positive correlationship between their consciousness and management behavior in the problems of the living environment. 4) It appears that their management behavior on the problems in the living environment has a major correlationship with the consciousness on them, the education, the income and the attitude on the household labor. Based on the above result, the change of consciousness are required in the problems of the living environment. Accordingly, we should develop enough programs and materials in the environment education, and take the lifelong education and the data development.

술후 동통에 대한 케토프로펜 주사의 효능

황병연,박명식,이준모,송경진,이강욱,이승환 최신의학사 1993 最新醫學 Vol.36 No.2

구강 악성 흑색종에서 PCNA 발현에 관한 면역조직화학적 연구

황경균,남윤우,이재일,이종호,심광섭,김명진 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2002 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.24 No.6

Malignant melanoma arising from the mucosa of head and neck region was rare and showed poor prognosis. Some of malignant melanoma were transformed from benign melanotic lesion. Malignant melanoma had high cellular proliferation and rapid growth. The percentage of PCNA-positive cell (labeling index) is high in many malignant tumor. So we compared the pattern of PCNA expression in the melanotic lesion. We performed the immunohistochemical study in malignant melanoma(19 cases), benign melanotic macule(24 cases) and normal mucosa(20 cases) were diagnosed in Seoul National University Dental Hospital between 1980 and 2000. Positive PCNA staining was found mainly in malignant melanoma. The mean PCNA expression in malignant melanoma, melanotic macule, normal tissue were 29.2%, 1.4%, 0%, respectively. Significant differences in PCNA expression were noted between malignant melanoma and melanotic macule(p<0.01), normal mucosa(p<0.01). These result suggested that the PCNA expression seems to be used as a diagnostic indicator for malignancy in malignant melanoma and melanotic lesion.

항만물류 XML/EDI 시스템의 개발

황성진,안선하,박경환 동아대학교 정보기술연구소 2002 情報技術硏究所論文誌 Vol.9 No.2

This thesis investigate Disadvantages of traditional Port Logistics EDI, and introduce how to design and implement XML/EDI system on based Microsoft's Biztalk Framwork in order to solve it. The foundational structure of this system constructed application and Biztalk server. Also flow of data is following: Datas input through application and store to XML-document. The next step transmit XML-document to BizTalk server. BizTalk server work mapping XML-document to standard EDI-document. And standard EDI-document transmit to custom house.

5-〔3-(N-Substituted Piperazinyl)Propoxy〕Indan類의 合成과 中樞神經抑制效果

黃熙喆,閔庚鎭,文勝煜,李萬佶,徐丙天 嶺南大學校附設 基礎科學硏究所 1985 基礎科學硏究 Vol.5 No.-

Five new indans, 5-[3-(N-substitued piperaziny) propxy]indans, were synthesized by condensation of 5-(3-bromopropoxy)indan, the intermediate, and N-substituted piperazines. The structure of the compunds were determined by means of IR, NMR spectoscopy along with elemental analysis. Each compound was tested for antimorphine and antiamphetamine effects as part of CNS depressant effects and for muscle relaxant action in mice. Thes compound exhibited less potent activity compared to chlordiazepoxide on CNS depressant effect. Muscle reaxant action of the compounds, the side effect of tranquilizer, however, was much weaker than that of chlordiazepoxide.