중소규모 사업장 근로자의 직무스트레스로 인한 결근, 조퇴 현황과 한국형직무스트레스 하부요인과의 관련성

김정훈,박신구,김동현,김환철,임종한,이의철,이동훈,이지영 大韓産業醫學會 2009 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.21 No.2

목적: 중소규모 사업장 근로자들의 직무 스트레스로 인한 결근, 조퇴의 현황과 한국형 직무 스트레스 하부 요인과의 관련성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 중소규모 사업장 83곳 근로자들에 대해 한국형 직무스트레스요인 평가도구-단축형(KOSS-SF)과 사회 일반적 특성, 직업적 특정 및 직무스트레스로 인한 결근이나 조퇴 경험여부 등을 묻는 구조화된 자가 기입식 설문을 실시하였고, 응답한 4,350명에 대해 최종 분석을 시행하였다. 직무스트레스로 인한 결근, 조퇴와 한국형 직무스트레스 하부 요인들과의 관련성을 확인하기 위하여 로지스틱 회귀분석을 시행 하였다. 결과: 직무 스트레스로 인한 결근, 조퇴를 한 근로자는 남자에서 7%(196명), 여자에서 8%(113명) 로 조사되었고 한국형 직무 스트레스 하부요인과의 관련성에서는 남, 여 모두 직무요구, 관계갈등, 조직체계, 보상부적절, 직장문화 영역의 스트레스가 높은 군에서 통계적으로 의미있게 직무스트레스로 인한 결근, 조퇴율이 증가하였다. 결론: 중소규모 사업장 근로자들의 직무 스트레스로 인한 결근, 조퇴와 한국형 직무 스트레스 하부요인과의 관련성은 남자에서는 조직체계 영역이 가장 높았고, 여자는 직장문화 영역에서 가장 높은 관련성을 보였다. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the actual conditions of absence and early leave due to job stress of 4,350 workers in 83 small and medium scale industries, and its relationship to job stress factors using Korean Occupational Stress Scale-Short Form (KOSS-SF). Methods: A structured self-reported questionnaire was used to assess each respondent's Sociodemographics, job stress, experience of absence and early leave due to job stress. Seven KOSS-SF domains of job stress were used. We estimated the relation of absence and early leave due to job stress and job stress factors using logistic regression analyses. Results: Absence or early leave due to job stress occurred in 7% of male workers and 8% of female workers. Multiple regression analysis revealed a significantly positive association job stress-related absence/early leave and job demand, interpersonal conflict, organizational system, lack of rewards and occupational climate. Conclusions: Absence and early leave due to job stress is significantly attributed to organizational System and lack of reward for men, and occupational climate and organizational system for women.

목재가 선적된 선창에서 발생한 산소결핍에 의한 질식사

김동훈,김기권,장태정,김정란,이구,김수근,임현술 大韓法醫學會 2001 대한법의학회지 Vol.25 No.1

Oxygen deficiency has been frequent in a clouted space. Wood consumes oxygen and discharges carbon dioxide Instead of photosynthesis in closed space without light, so do some microorganisms on the surface. We experienced a case that a healthy Insect-proofer fell down and died of asphyxia on stair-board at 7 m below the hatch of the cargo-hold shipping wood Analysis of gases in cargo-hold revealed O2; 12.3%, CO; 105 ppm, CH4; 2.7%, and H2S; 1.9% at 1 m below the hatch, and then O2; 6.1%, CO; 220 ppm, CH4; 2.9%, and H2S, 2.3 ppm at 2.5 m below the hatch. Autopsy findings were unremarkable. We justiced the cause of death asphyxia due to oxygen deficiency. As seen in this case, the serious oxygen deficiency was accounted for oxygen consumption by wood and microorganisms.

조혈모세포이식 환자에서 침습성 진균 감염에 대한 Micafungin의 예방 효과 및 안전성

김시현,이동건,최수미,권재철,박선희,최정현,유진홍,이성은,조병식,김유진,이석,김희제,민창기,조석구,김동욱,이종욱,민우성,박종원 대한감염학회 2010 감염과 화학요법 Vol.42 No.3

Background: Micafungin, a potent inhibitor of 1,3-β-D-glucan synthase, is a novel antifungal agent of the echinocandin class. In vitro study showed that micafungin was effective against Aspergillus species as well as Candida species, but clinical data on the prophylactic efficacy against invasive fungal infections (IFIs) other than candidiasis are still lacking. Materials and Methods: We identified 60 consecutive adult hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients who received at least 3 doses of micafungin during neutropenic period. Micafungin was started as an alternative in patients who were intolerant or had adverse events (AEs) to primary prophylactic antifungal agents. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and analyzed the efficacy and safety of micafungin for prophylaxis against IFIs. Results: The patients either had autologous (n=9) or allogeneic (n=51: 1 syngeneic, 24 sibling, 26 unrelated donor) HSCT. Itraconazole oral solution (n=58) was the most frequently used first line antifungal agent for prophylaxis and was administered for median 11 days. The most frequent cause of switch to micafungin was vomiting (n=42). The duration of neutropenia and micafungin administration was median 13 and 12 days, respectively. A successful outcome was achieved in 45 (75%) patients. Empirical antifungal therapy was initiated in 13 (22%) patients. There were 2 cases (3.3%) of breakthrough fungal infections which comprised a probable invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and a possible invasive fungal sinusitis. There was no case of invasive candidiasis. A total of 53 (88%) patients experienced at least one AE regardless of causality during micafungin administration. The most frequent AEs were hypokalemia, vomiting, diarrhea, and elevated serum aspartate aminotransferase or alanine aminotransferase. Among the aforementioned AEs, only 1 case of diarrhea could be classified as a probable relation with micafungin when causality was assessed. There was no AEs that caused discontinuation of micafungin. Conclusions: Micafungin seems to be a safe and effective agent for prophylaxis of IFIs including aspergillosis as well as candidiasis in HSCT recipients. However, further large, prospective, and randomized comparative studies are warranted for aspergillosis.

녹동균 세포외막 단백질 백신 CFC-1-101의 안정성 및 면역원성 검토 : 임상 제 Ⅰ/Ⅱa상 시험

장인진,김익상,유경상,임동석,김형기,신상구,장우현,박완제,이나경,정상보,안동호,조양제,안보영,이윤하,김영지,남성우,김현수 대한감염학회 1998 감염 Vol.30 No.3

목적 : 제일제당에서는 녹농균의 세포외막 단밸질을 유효성분으로 하는 백신인 CFC-101을 개발하였으며, 동물시험에서 이 백신의 안전성과 유효성을 입증하였다. 본 연구에서는 이 녹농균 백신의 인체에 대한 안전성과 면역원성을 평가하는 동시에 인체 접종시의 최적 투여 용량을 결정하기 위하여 제 I/Ⅱa상 임상시험을 수행하였다. 방법 : 건강한 성인 남자를 피험자로 선별하여 각 용량군에 백신투여자 6명, 위약투여자 2명을 배정하였다. 백신 투여군은 0.25mg, 0.5mg 또는 1.0mg 용량의 녹농균 백신을 7일 간격으로 3회에 걸쳐 근육주사 하였으며, 위약 투여군에게는 세포외막 단백질을 제외한 동일한 성분을 투여하였다. 백신접종 후 국소적 또는 전신적인 반응의 발생여부를 관찰하고, 혈액시료를 체취하여 백신의 역가와 유효성을 검정하였다. 결과 : 녹농균 백신 CFC-101은 모든 접종자에서 양호한 내약성을 보였다. 또한 0.5mg 과 1.0mg 백신 투여군에서는 100%의 항체양전율을 나타내었다. 생성된 항체는 녹농균 세포외막단백질에 특이성을 보였고, 녹농균 감염에 대해 방어효능이 있었다. 결론 : 이와같은 결과로부터 이 녹농균 백신은 인체에 안전하게 투여할 수 있으며, 높은 항체 생성능으로 감염방어 효능을 보이고 0.5mg과 1.0mg이 최적용량인 것으로 판단되었다. Background : We developed a Pseudomonas aeruginosa outer membrane protein(OMP) vaccine CFC-101, and the prophylactic efficacy of which has been demonstrated in animal models. In order to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the P. aeruginosa vaccine, we carried out a phase I/Ⅱa clinical trial in healthy male volunteers. Methods : Groups of eight volunteers, including two placebo subjects, were vaccinated intramuscularly with three doses of 0.25, 0.5 or 1.0 mg of the vaccine at one week intervals. Sings of systemic and local reactions observed after vaccination were recorded for each vaccinee for 5 days. Physical examinations were performed on days 0, 1, 7, 8, 14, 15, 21, and 42, and clinical laboratory tests were done on days 0, 3, and 21. Blood samples for assay of serum antibody levels were obtained up to 42 days after the first vaccination. Results : The vaccine was generally well tolerated by all vaccinees, showing no significant side effects. In the three dosage groups, all vaccinees, except one receiving the 0.25 mg dose, showed significant elevation in serum IgG antibody titers against the vaccine proteins, indicating 100% seroconversion in 0.5 and 1.0 mg groups. The human antibodies induced by the vaccine were specific for P. aeruginosa OMPs, as confirmed by western blot analysis and immunoprecipitation assays. The capacity of the human antisera to enhance opsonophagocytic killing activity by polymorphonuclear leukocytes and to confer protection against P. aeruginosa infections indicates that the antibodies elicited by the vaccine have protective efficacy. Conclusion : We conclude that the P. aeruginosa OMP vaccine is safe and effective for human use and its optimal dose to be 0.5 or 1.0 mg.

各科敎授法 運營改善에 관한 硏究 : 中等敎師養成機關을 中心으로

金東球 西原大學校 1979 西原大學 論文集 Vol.8 No.-

The preparation of teachers is logically determined by the nature of the teaching task for which they are being prepared. A conceptualization of teaching, conscious or unconscious, explicit or implicit, is basic to the development of a design for a program of teacher's methodology courses. The primary purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting the design for the programs of teaching methodology courses in secondary school teacher training institutes, to examine critically the present status of methodology courses in secondary school teacher training institutes, to analyze the contents of methodology courses through syllabi and to devise programs for teaching methodology. General factors, in teaching methodology courses, occur in a time sequence and have degrees of proximity to the actual task logically and psychologically some elements in the preparation of teachers precede others. Some are remote from teaching, in the sense that there are many intervening variables, while others are close. Mitzel deals with teaching in terms of forecast, process and output factors. Applying this terminology to the teaching of methodology, it is proposed to deal with forecast factors or design which must be made before developing a program of teaching method courses, process factors or the treatments proposed, and output factors or a actual behavior produced. The results of this study, through interviews and surveys, are as follows: 1. Programs for the methodology courses should be taught by integrating a course of teaching profession and a course of major study. 2. Teacher training institutes should give the students 3 or 4 credits for a lecture held three or four hours per week within a time span of seventeen weeks. 3. Programs for methodology courses should precede the semester in which the students will practice teach. 4. The changeability of the textbooks used in secondary schools should be taken into consideration. 5. The most desirable method will be team teaching. 6. The objectives of methodology courses should be defined more specifically and the means by which methodology is taught should be diversified. 7. The objectives and essential qualities which should be included in a methodology course are as follows. a) the contents of secondary school subjects b) analysis of primary and secondary school curricula c) evaluations of teaching methodology d) variety of teaching methods e) a study of teaching materials. 8. Teaching methodology courses should be revised continually. 9. The instructor of methodology courses should major in a subject matter and the teaching of that subject.

경희대학교 수원 캠퍼스의 교문디자인 연구

김동찬,이윤수,박중구,황세현,김명기 경희대학교 디자인연구원 2000 예술· 디자인학연구 Vol.3 No.1

The Suwon Campus of Kyunghee University was decided to rebuild a university gate to make new image of the university for a new millenium. The purpose of this study is to design a university gate not only for a gate but also for a commemorative environmental model which presents a spirit and idea of the Kyunghee University. The entire design of the gate has a renaissance style, the design of it's center has a triumphal arch form which cars can go through, and the design of it's side has a corridor form which pedestrians can walk. The gate is designed to present the spirit for human and world peace which Kyunghee University intends.

정상인 및 신기능장애환자에서 Carumonam(AMA-1080)의 약동학

임동석,이경훈,엄재호,한진석,김성권,장인진,신상구 大韓臨床藥理學會 1994 臨床藥理學會誌 Vol.2 No.1

포항지역 고3 남학생들의 생활습관과 성적, 스트레스에 관한 연구

김인태,이동욱,이인구,성낙진,박기흠 東國大學校醫學硏究所 2002 東國醫學 Vol.9 No.2

목적 : 우리나라의 고등학교 3학년 학생들은 대학입시를 앞두고 많은 스트레스 환경에 놓여있으나, 그에 대한 연구는 충분하지 않았다. 본 연구는 고등학교 3학년 남학생들을 대상으로 생활습관과 스트레스 정도, 스트레스 대처방법을 알아보고 생활습관과 스트레스, 성적과의 상호 관계를 살펴보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 수능시험을 치른 포항 모 남자 고등학교 3학년 454명을 대상으로 2000년 11월 29일 자기 기입식 설문지를 이용하여 성적, 스트레스량, 스트레스 해소방법을 조사하였다. 스트레스 측정은 외래용 스트레스량 측정도구인 BEPSI (The Brief Encounter Psychosocial Instrument) 번역판을 사용하였다. 결과 : 조사대상자의 성적과 생활습관과의 관계를 본 결과 생활습관 중에서 아침식사(p<0.05), 규칙적인 식사(p<0.01), 규칙적인 수면(P<0.01), 부모와의 대화(P<0.05), 흡연(P<0.05)이 성적과 통계적으로 유의하였다. BEPSI 점수는 성적 및 스트레스 해소방법과 유의한 관계가 없었다. 생활습관과 BEPSI 점수와의 관계는 규칙적인 식사(P<0.05), 부모와의 대화(P<0.05), 주 2회 이상의 음주(P<0.01), 흡연(P<0.01) 등에서 통계적으로 유의한 관계가 있었다. 건강 생활습관 갯수와 BEPSI 점수는 유의한 관계가 있었다(P<0.01). 결론 : 고3 남학생들은 건강한 생활습관과 학교성적이 비례하였고, 건강습관 갯수와 스트레스량은 역비례하였다. 그러므로 고등학교 3학년 시기에는 좋은 생활습관을 가지는 것이 중요하다. Background: There are many stressful environment in the twelfth grade students who will take an entrance examination. But the investigation about twelfth grade students were not studied enough. Therefore we investigated the relationship between life style, school record and stress in the twelfth grade students. Methods: In November 29,2000, we surveyed 454 twelfth grade male students who has taken entrance examination for a university in a high school located in Pohang. Self report questionnaire was administered to measure school record, coping method, life style and stress. Stress amount was measured by Korean-translated BEPSI score. Results: There was significant relationship between school record and life style such as breakfast. regular diet, regular sleep, enjoy conversation with their parents and smoking. School record and coping method were no significant relationship with BEPSI scores. There was significant relationship between BEPSI scores and life style such as regular diet, enjoy conversation with their parents, smoking, drinking more than two times a week. The number of healthy life styles number was significantly related to BEPSI scores. Conclusions: Healthy life style was proportional to good school record and inversely proportional to stress amount in twelfth grade male students. Therefore, we conclude that it is important to keep healthy life style in the twelfth grade.

경희대학교 수원캠퍼스의 멀티미디어관 주변 공원계획

김동찬,김성준,박중구,황세현 경희대학교 부설 디자인연구원 1999 예술· 디자인학연구 Vol.2 No.1

Multimedia center at Kyung-Hee University is going to be opened in 1999. The purpose of this study is to extend the usability of outdoor space around the multimedia center. This study, therefore, presents the space, which gives a resting area, provide a beautiful sight, improve the accessibility of path, and give a theme.

고밀도 플라즈마에 의해 식각된 SrBi_2Ta_2O_9 박막의 표면 반응 연구

김동표,김창일,장의구 중앙대학교 기술과학연구소 2000 기술과학연구소 논문집 Vol.30 No.-

본 연구에서 SBT 박막은 Cl_2양을 변화하면서 Cl_2/Ar 가스 플라즈마를 이용하여 식각하였다. 최대 식각 속도는 Cl_2(20%)/Ar(80%) 가스혼합비에서 883A˚/min 이었다. Cl_2 가스양이 증가함에 따라서 SBT 박막의 식각 속도는 감소하였다. 이는 Ar 이온의 물리적 스퍼터링에 의한 영향이 화확 반응에 의한 식각보다 우세하게 작용함을 의미한다. 식각 메커니즘을 규명하기 위하여 optical emission spectroscopy (OES), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS)와 atomic force microscopy (AFM) 분석을 하였다. AFM 분석결과에서 Ar이나 Cl12 플라즈마를 이용하여 식각된 시료의 표면 거칠기 rms 값이 식각전의 시료나 Cl_2/Ar 플라즈마로 식각된 시료보다 크다. 이는 식각된 시료에서의 Bi 양의 감소나 비휘발성 식각 잔류물에 의한 영향이다. XPS와 SIMS 분석을 통하여 검증하였다. SBT thin films were etched at different content of Cl_2 in Cl_2/Ar. The maximum etch rate of SBT was 883A˚/min in Cl_2(20%)/Ar(80%). As Cl_2 gas increased in Cl_2/Ar gas plasma, the etch rate decreased. The result indicates that physical sputtering of Ar ion is dominant to chemical reaction in etching SBT thin films. To evaluate the etching mechanism of SBT thin films, optical emission spectroscopy (OES), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were carried out. From the result of AFM, the rms values of etched samples in Ar only or Cl_2 only plasma were higher than that of as-deposited, Cl_2/Ar. This can be illustrated by a decrease of Bi content or nonvolatile etching products(Sr-Cl and Ta-Cl), which are revealed by XPS and SIMS.