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전무부,김대영,김종욱,이창희 啓明專門大學 産業開發硏究所 2002 啓明硏究論叢 Vol.20 No.1
인터넷의 발전과 더불어 탄생한 가상교육은 교육의 기회 확대 및 평생교육의 실현을 목표로 하여 계속 발전될 것으로 예상된다. 가상교육의 성공여부는 차별화된 멀티미디어 컨텐츠의 개발, 교육의 비용과 학습효과, 교육의 기회 측면등을 고려한 효율적인 가상교육의 운영에 좌우되며, 가상교육에 활용되는 네트워크와 하드웨어 인프라 및 소프트웨어의 지원이 필수적이다. 또한 면대면 수업에서의 시험평가가 아니라. 물리적으로 떨어져있는 학습자를 대상으로 과제평가와 시험평가를 실시하는 경우에 대한, 제출된 과제나 피시험자의 진위 여부에 대한 신뢰성 문제를 해결하기 위해 토론. 공개세미나. 그룹 프로젝트 등의 학습 활동을 활발히 실시하여 질적인 수업평가를 수행하는 것이 필요하다. 본교에서도 향후 가상교육 컨텐츠의 개발에 있어서 이러한 측면들을 고려하여, 보다 전문화되고 효과적인 컨텐츠의 개발이 요구되며. 이를 위한 전문적인 가상교육 컨텐츠의 개발지원이 필수적이다. 또한 교과목의 특성과 학급집단의 특성 및 학습자의 수준 등을 고려하여 코스에서의 웹기반 수업의 비중, 과제의 유형. 상호작용의 유형과 빈도 등을 고려한 컨텐츠 개발을 위한 개발 프로세스에 대한 연구와 학습효과와 비용측면을 고려한 가상교육 운영전략에 대한 연구가 필요하다. Cyber education which has started with the development of internet is expected to keep growing toward the enlargement of learning opportunity and realization of continuing education. Therefore. a new education ideal and model for cyber education must be developed. The success or failure of cyber education depends on various factors. First, the development of educational process suitable to cyber education and specific multimedia contents suitable to enhance the quality of education must be developed. Second, efficient management of cyber education designed to reduce education cost and to enhance learning effect and education opportunity. Cyber education based on internet is affected by speed of communication, stability of communicating network, feasibility of course access, cheapness of communicating cost. And how efficiently and properly the softwares related with teaching are used to enhance the teaching effect is also important. Therefore, support of network, hardware infrastructure, and software used for cyber education is necessary. Besides, in the evaluation of learning achievement, not the face-to-face evaluation, but the evaluation of students far away, to meet with credibility of report and written tests, other ways of evaluation such as debate. open seminar, group project will be used. In this college, the development of more specialized and efficient contents is required, and. therefore, financial support for the development of specialized cyber education contents is necessary.
( Chang Wook Chon ),( Bum Soo Kim ),( Yong Kyun Cho ),( Ki Chul Sung ),( Ji Cheol Bae ),( Tae Wan Kim ),( Hyun Sun Won ),( Kwan Joong Joo ) 대한소화기학회 2012 Gut and Liver Vol.6 No.3
Background/Aims: We have a limited understanding of the effect of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) on the de-velopment of type 2 diabetes. Methods: The study subjects included male who had received biennial medical check-ups between 2005 and 2009 and who had been diagnosed with fatty liver disease. The subjects with sustained NAFLD (FL, n=107) and sustained non-NAFLD (NFL, n=1,054) were followed to determine the development of type 2 diabetes. Results: In the FL group, there were more subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG), type 2 diabetes and high HOMA-IR than there were in the NFL group during the 5-year follow-up period (32.7 vs. 17.6%, 1.9 vs. 0.3%, 17.9 vs. 5.2% respectively, p<0.05). The FL group showed a higher risk than NFL group for abnormal glucose metabolism as deter-mined using IFG (odds ratio [OR], 2.13; confidence interval [CI], 1.36 to 3.35), type 2 diabetes (OR, 7.63; 95% CI, 1.03 to 56.79) and high HOMA-IR (OR, 3.25; 95% CI, 1.79 to 5.91) and metabolic parameters such as body mass index (OR, 3.35; 95% CI, 1.87 to 6.02), triglyceride (OR, 3.05; 95% CI, 1.92 to 4.86) and fasting blood sugar (OR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.39 to 3.41). Conclusions: Sustained NAFLD appears to be as-sociated with an increased risk for the development of type 2 diabetes and deterioration of metabolic parameters in non-obese, non-diabetic Korean men. (Gut Liver 2012;6:368-373)
The Achilles' heel of iron-based catalysts during oxygen reduction in an acidic medium
Choi, Chang Hyuck,Lim, Hyung-Kyu,Chung, Min Wook,Chon, Gajeon,Ranjbar Sahraie, Nastaran,Altin, Abdulrahman,Sougrati, Moulay-Tahar,Stievano, Lorenzo,Oh, Hyun Seok,Park, Eun Soo,Luo, Fang,Strasser, Pete The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Vol.11 No.11
<P>For catalysing dioxygen reduction, iron-nitrogen-carbon (Fe-N-C) materials are today the best candidates to replace platinum in proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) cathodes. Despite tremendous progress in their activity and site-structure understanding, improved durability is critically needed but challenged by insufficient understanding of their degradation mechanisms during operation. Here, we show that FeNxCy moieties in a representative Fe-N-C catalyst are structurally stable but electrochemically unstable when exposed in an acidic medium to H2O2, the main oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) byproduct. We reveal that exposure to H2O2 leaves iron-based catalytic sites untouched but decreases their turnover frequency (TOF) <I>via</I> oxidation of the carbon surface, leading to weakened O2-binding on iron-based sites. Their TOF is recovered upon electrochemical reduction of the carbon surface, demonstrating the proposed deactivation mechanism. Our results reveal for the first time a hitherto unsuspected key deactivation mechanism during the ORR in an acidic medium. This study identifies the N-doped carbon surface as the Achilles' heel during ORR catalysis in PEMFCs. Observed in acidic but not in alkaline electrolytes, these insights suggest that durable Fe-N-C catalysts are within reach for PEMFCs if rational strategies minimizing the amount of H2O2 or reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced during the ORR are developed.</P>
Quality Indicators of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Korea
( Hyung Ku Chon ),( Ki-hyun Kim ),( Tae Jun Song ),( Dong-won Ahn ),( Eaum Seok Lee ),( Yun Nah Lee ),( Yoon Suk Lee ),( Tae Joo Jeon ),( Chang Hwan Park ),( Kwang Bum Cho ),( Dong Wook Lee ),( Jin-se 대한소화기학회 2024 Gut and Liver Vol.18 No.4
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a procedure that requires significant experiences and skills and has various procedure-related complications, some of which can be severe and even result in the death of patients. Expanding ERCP availability has the advantage of increasing accessibility for patients. However, ERCP poses a substantial risk if performed without proper quality management. ERCP quality management is essential for both ensuring safe and successful procedures and meeting the social demands for enhanced healthcare competitiveness and quality assurance. To address these concerns, the Korean Pancreatobiliary Association established a task force to develop ERCP quality indicators (QIs) tailored to the Korean medical environment. Key questions for five pre-procedure, three intra-procedure, and four post-procedure measures were formulated based on a literature search related to ERCP QIs and a comprehensive clinical review conducted by experts. The statements and recommendations regarding each QI item were selected through peer review. The developed ERCP QIs were reviewed by external experts based on the latest available evidence at the time of development. These domestically tailored ERCP QIs are expected to contribute considerably to improving ERCP quality in Korea. (Gut Liver 2024;18:564-577)
Current trends in the management of pancreatic cystic neoplasms in Korea: a national survey
( Hyung Ku Chon ),( Sung Hoon Moon ),( Sang Wook Park ),( Woo Hyun Paik ),( Chang Nyol Paik ),( Byoung Kwan Son ),( Tae Jun Song ),( Dong Won Ahn ),( Eaum Seok Lee ),( Yun Nah Lee ),( Yoon Suk Lee ),( 대한내과학회 2022 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.37 No.1
Background/Aims: The study aimed to investigate the current practice patterns in the management of pancreatic cystic neoplasms in Korea. Methods: An electronic survey was systematically distributed by email to members of the Korean Pancreatobiliary Association from December 2019 to February 2020. Results: In total, 115 (110 gastroenterologists, five surgeons) completed the survey, 72.2% of whom worked in a tertiary/ academic medical center. Most (65.2%) followed the 2012/2017 International Association of Pancreatology guidelines for the management of pancreatic cystic neoplasms. A gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography was the most common first-line diagnostic modality (42.1%), but a contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan was preferred as a subsequent surveillance tool (58.3%). Seventy-four percent of respondents routinely performed endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration for pancreatic cystic neoplasms with suspicious mural nodules. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology (94.8%) and cystic fluid carcinoembryonic antigen (95.7%) were used for cystic fluid analysis. Most (94%) typically recommended surgery in patients with high-risk stigmata, but 18.3% also considered proceeding with surgery in patients with worrisome features. Most (96.5%) would continue surveillance of pancreatic cystic neoplasms for more than 5 years. Conclusions: According to this survey, there was variability in the management of pancreatic cystic neoplasms among the respondents. These results suggest that the development of evidence-based guidelines for pancreatic cystic neoplasms that fit the Korean practice is needed to create an optimal approach to the management of pancreatic cystic neoplasms.
상동 및 울진지역 주석 화강암질암의 지구화학 자료에 대한 다변량해석
전효택,정영욱,손창일,Chon, Hyo-Taek,Cheong, Young-Wook,Son, Chang-Il 대한자원환경지질학회 1994 자원환경지질 Vol.27 No.3
Tin mineralizations in South Korea have been found only in the Ulchin and Sangdong areas. They appear to be in close spatial association with the Wangpiri granitoid in the UlChin area, and the Nonggeori and Naedeogri granites in the Sangdong area. However, previous works have revealed that there are considerable differences in geological setting, mineralogical and geochemical compositions among these granitoids concerned. The roles of discriminant and multiple regression analysis have been examed to establish geochemical differences among the tin-granitoids and to identify elements relating to tin mineralizations. The data set used in this study consists of 60 observations with 29 elements which are cited from pre-existing publications. A stepwise discriminant analysis determined the group of variables that differentiate between samples from four training sets; Buncheon, Wangpiri, Nonggeori and Naedeogri granitoids. These granitoids were most effectively discriminated on the basis of major elements FeO, CaO and $P_2O_5$ and also by the trace elements Rb and Zr. Results of the multiple regression analysis shows that the level of Sn in granitoids depends positively on ones of MnO, Rb and FeO and negatively $P_2O_5$. Graphical representation of discriminant scores on sampling locations greatly aid recognition of differences in the geochemical characteristics in terms of spatial distribution of granitoids examed. The application of the discriminant analysis provides a potential means of identifying and comparing geochemical characteristics.
Ahn Dong-Won,Chon Hyung Ku,Moon Sung Hoon,Park Sang Wook,Paik Woo Hyun,Paik Chang Nyol,Son Byoung Kwan,Song Tae Jun,Lee Eaum Seok,Lee Yun Nah,Lee Yoon Suk,Lee Jae Min,Jeon Tae Joo,Park Chang Hwan,Cho 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2023 Gut and Liver Vol.17 No.2
Background/Aims: Although endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) and fine needle biopsy (FNB) are widely used for tissue acquisition of pancreatic solid mass, the optimal strategy of this procedure has not been established yet. The aim of this nationwide study was to investigate the current practice patterns of EUS-FNA/FNB for pancreatic solid mass in Korea. Methods: The Policy-Quality Management of the Korean Pancreatobiliary Association (KPBA) developed a questionnaire containing 22 questions. An electronic survey consisting of the questionnaire was distributed by e-mail to members registered to the KPBA. Results: A total of 101 respondents completed the survey. Eighty respondents (79.2%) performed preoperative EUS-FNA/FNB for operable pancreatic solid mass. Acquire needles (60.4%) were used the most, followed by ProCore needles (47.5%). In terms of need size, most respondents (>80%) preferred 22-gauge needles regardless of the location of the mass. Negative suction with a 10-mL syringe (71.3%) as sampling technique was followed by stylet slow-pull (41.6%). More than three needle passes for EUS-FNA/FNB was performed by most respondents (>80%). The frequency of requiring repeated procedure was significantly higher in respondents with a low individual volume (<5 per month, p=0.001). Prophylactic antibiotics were routinely used in 39 respondents (38.6%); rapid on-site pathologic evaluation was used in 6.1%. Conclusions: According to this survey, practices of EUS-FNA/FNB for pancreatic solid mass varied substantially, some of which differed considerably from the recommendations present in existing guidelines. These results suggest that the development of evidence-based quality guidelines fitting Korean clinical practice is needed to establish the optimal strategy for this procedure.