진동形態 및 소매原型 製圖方法에 관한 硏究

최명은 서울大學校 大學院 1988 국내석사

R&D 프로젝트 성과의 영향요인에 관한 연구

최명은 경북대학교 대학원 2004 국내석사

The major purposes of this study are to investigate following question; what are the factors affecting R&D project performances and what do these factors affect depending on the objectives of R&D? Three factors affect R&D project performances. First, Team Process includes the roles of leaders and communication. Second, Team Structure encompasses the characteristics of team structure, integration characteristics of team members and thinking patterns of team members. Third, Team Climate is made up of autonomy, cohesiveness, innovation and work tension. The unit of analysis of this study is R&D projects the data of 76 projects are collected from 9 corporate R&D departments. Hypotheses are tested using reliability analysis factor analysis and regression. Thus, this study proves that three factors which were team process, team structure and team climate determined the attitude of team members. The findings of this study contribute to theoretical research and practical implementation, as well as provide several implications for researchers. However, this study is limited in terms of theoretical and empirical aspects, which are herby presented as challenges for further research endeavors.

한국과 대만 중학교 3학년 영어 교과서 분석

최명은 인하대학교 교육대학원 2015 국내석사

농약 사용에 따른 논 토양 미생물 군집 변화 해석을 위한 Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) 및 Quantitative PCR 분석법의 활용

최명은 경북대학교 대학원 2012 국내석사

The combined function of microbial community has become an important factor for sustaining the environmental ecosystems. Effective assessment methods are needed to establish analysis the microbial community since to know what kind of factors are effect on which group of microbial community. Especially the organic pesticide treatment expected to cause environment pollution. Treated pesticides remain in soil and effect on microbial diversity and their structure. To know the effect of pesticide of microbial community, this study focused on revealing the difference between organic and conventional farming. DGGE and qRT-PCR method were used to estimate and compare of the distribution of microbial phylogenetic group in situ rice paddy soil. Microcosms were conducted two type for the purposes of investigation effect of pesticide treatment. One was made for knowing the effect of pesticide treat or not. Another one was treated serially diluted pesticide to know the effect of pesticide concentration. As the time passed, soil samples were obtained from each soil microcosm, and total soil DNA was extracted. In order to develop effective assessment method for paddy soil microbial community structure, established reliable DNA extraction method from paddy soil. Out of six conventional soil DNA extraction methods, anion exchange resin purification method was turn to be the most reliable. The soil DNA extracted by the best method was used as a template DNA for the amplification. The DGGE analysis was conducted with 16S rDNA region for prokaryotic community or 18S rDNA region for fungal community. Various DGGE conditions were compared to make clear interpretations of the profiles. qRT-PCR was tested with various PCR primers for distinguishing five bacterial phylum (α-Proteobacteria, β-Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes), all bacteria, and all fungi. Various qRT-PCR temperature conditions were also tested by repeating experiments to establish the method. Finally, analyses show that the distinction of bacterial communities by the time was observed, but not by the pesticide treatment and pesticide concentration. The DGGE and qRT-PCR analysis methods established in this study can be applied to analyzing microbial community of the paddy soil in any factor.

유아의 기질과 아버지와 어머니의 정서표현성이 유아의 정서지능에 미치는 영향

최명은 연세대학교 교육대학원 2022 국내석사

The purpose of this study is to examine how children’s temperament and father and mother’s emotional expressiveness influence on the emotional intelligence of the child. This study targeted on 225, 4-year-old and 5-year-old children and their parents at 10 daycare centers and 2 kindergartens located at Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, and Incheon. To measure the emotional intelligence of the children, this study used the emotional intelligence measurement tool developed by Lee Byeong Rae (1997) based on the emotional intelligence model by Salovey and Mayer (1997). To measure the temperament of the children, this study used EAS (Emotionality, Activity, Sociability) measurement tool made by Buss and Plomin (1984) and translated by Kim Jee Youn (2007). To measure the emotional expressiveness of both fathers and mothers, this study used Self-Expressiveness in the Family Questionnaire (SEFQ) developed by Halberstadt (1986) and translated and revised by Seo Hye Lin (2007). The emotional intelligence of the children was measured by the teachers, temperament was measured by mothers, and emotional expressiveness was measured by both fathers and mothers respectively. To analyze the collected data, this study figured out the descriptive statistics. To identify how children’s temperament and parents’ emotional expressiveness influence on the emotional intelligence of the children, Pearson correlation analysis has been implemented as a basic analysis between variables. It is followed by hierarchical regression analysis being performed with the control variables of children’s sex and age. The results were as follows: First, in the general tendency of the measurement variables under 5-point scale, the emotional intelligence’s sub-factors were higher than the median value. Among temperament’s sub-factors, sociability and activity were higher than the median value while emotionality and shyness were lower than the median value. In addition, both positive and negative emotional expressions of fathers and mothers were higher than the median value. In addition, fathers and mothers used more positive emotional expressions than negative expressions at home. Second, the children’s temperament showed significance on self-awareness and self-regulation among the emotional intelligence’s sub-factors even after controlling the gender and age. Especially, shyness had a negative influence on the self-awareness while had a positive influence on the self-regulation. In conclusion, children’s temperament has a significant influence on the self-awareness and self-regulation. Furthermore, children who were shier showed higher self-awareness and lower self-regulation. 본 연구는 유아의 기질과 아버지와 어머니의 정서표현성이 유아의 정서지능에 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 연구대상은 서울, 경기, 인천 지역의 어린이집 10곳과 유치원 2곳의 만 4, 5세 반에 재원 중인 유아 225명과 그들의 아버지, 어머니였다. 유아의 정서지능을 측정하기 위하여 이병래(1997)가 Salovey와 Mayer(1997)가 제시한 정서지능 모형을 근거로 개발한 정서지능 측정 도구를 사용하였고, 유아의 기질을 측정하기 위하여 김지윤(2007)이 번안한 Buss와 Plomin(1984)이 만든 EAS(Emotionality, Activity, Sociability) 측정 도구를 사용하였다. 아버지의 정서표현성과 어머니의 정서표현성을 측정하기 위해서는 Halberstadt(1986)가 개발한 Self-Expressiveness in the Family Questionnaire(SEFQ)를 서혜린(2007)이 번안 및 수정한 것을 사용하였다. 유아의 정서지능은 담임교사가, 유아의 기질은 어머니가, 아버지와 어머니의 정서표현성은 각각 아버지와 어머니가 평정하였다. 수집된 자료를 분석하기 위하여 먼저, 각 변인에 대한 기술적 통계치를 산출하였다. 또한, 유아의 기질과 아버지와 어머니의 정서표현성이 유아의 정서지능에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위한 기초분석으로 측정 변인들 간의 Pearson 상관분석을 실시한 후에 유아의 성과 연령을 통제 변인으로 하는 위계적 중다회귀분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구에서 나타난 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 측정 변인의 일반적 경향을 살펴본 결과로는 5점 척도인 것을 고려하였을 때 본 연구대상 유아들은 정서지능 하위요인 모두 중간값 보다 높게 나타났으며, 기질의 하위요인 중 사회성과 활동성은 중간보다 높은 수준으로 정서성과 수줍음은 중간보다 낮은 수준으로 나타났다. 또한, 아버지와 어머니의 긍정적 정서표현, 부정적 정서표현 모두 중간보다 높은 값을 보였으며 아버지와 어머니는 가정에서 부정적 정서표현보다는 긍정적 정서표현을 더 많이 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 유아의 성과 연령을 통제하고도 유아의 기질은 유아의 정서지능 하위요인 중 자기인식과 자기조절능력을 유의하게 설명하였다. 특히 유아의 기질 중 수줍음은 자기인식능력에는 부적 영향을, 자기조절능력에는 정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 유아의 기질은 유아의 정서지능 하위요인 중 자기인식능력과 자기조절능력에 유의한 영향을 미치며, 그중에서도 유아의 기질 하위요인인 수줍음이 높을수록 자기인식능력은 낮고 자기조절능력은 높다.

초기 업무 관계에서의 구성원 신뢰형성과 직무행동에 관한 연구

최명은 漢陽大學校 大學院 2004 국내석사

'대중의 과학기술 이해' 관점에서 공공 연구기관의 과학기술문화 정책대안 효과성 분석 : 한국원자력연구원 사례를 중심으로

최명은 충남대학교 국가정책대학원 2015 국내석사

1. Introduction Citizens have a great of interest in the negative effects of science and technology(S&T) and potential hazards such as nuclear issues, environmental pollution, research ethics problems, conflicts among religions. Currently knowledge and activities on S&T are not related only for S&T official and organizations. New scientific culture paradigm under these changed circumstances is ‘Public Understanding of Science(PUS)’. The concept developed from ‘Popularization of Science’ that featured the branch one-way knowledge transfer and enlightenment. The characteristics of PUS are to emphasize public interaction, social impact of understanding on S&T in oder to be recognized to public the need for S&T and credibility. This research was performed to analyze the effectiveness of policy alternatives in public research institutes that are major performers of scientific culture policy and significantly affected. Through them , I want to discuss scientific culture policy development directions and the role of public research institutions from the perspective of PUS. 2. Concepts and components of PUS Public understanding of science is closely related to science communication, which aims to communicate the knowledge of science to society and share knowledge with the public. Both concepts emphasize interaction with the public and bi-directional communication. Assuming that the overriding goal of scientific culture policies in public research institutes is PUS, the sub-goals and components were derived through theoretical discussions and a review of existing studies. The five components, which were derived from the ‘expanded goals of science communication’ and ‘three components of understanding of S&T’, are as follows. First is the awareness of science, which is the feeling of familiarity towards science; second is the enjoyment or interest in science, which is an individual’s emotional reaction to science; third is the forming, reforming or confirming of science-related opinions, which is the process of thinking about science and forming personal opinions; fourth is the understanding of theory and processes in S&T, which is an understanding of the theories, content, and processes involved in science and technology; and fifth is the understanding of social impact on S&T, which is an understanding of the impact that science and technology has on society and individuals. 3. Analysis of scientific culture in a public research institute based on the PUS perspective In order to analyse the scientific culture-related activities of public research institutes based on the five components of PUS, a survey was conducted on the scientific culture-related activities of the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute. The pre-survey was conducted through in-depth interviews with staff in charge of scientific culture, and its scope consisted of five activities related to the public and the understanding of science. The standard of analysis applied was effectiveness, meaning the degree of goal achievement. The analysis showed that the activities were relatively more effective in the components based on individual emotions - awareness of science, and enjoyment or interest in science. However, effectiveness was relatively low in components based on rational thinking - the forming, reforming or confirming of science-related opinions, and understanding of theory and processes in S&T. Moreover, there was little difference in effectiveness between the difference scientific culture-related activities for the respective components of PUS. Turning to limitations and problems in scientific culture policies at public research institutes from the PUS perspective, first, the policy goals do not reflect the new paradigm of PUS. Although the government’s scientific culture policy goals are making gradual progress, the policy implementor at public research institutes have not successfully made the transition to the new paradigm and remain closer to the ‘popularization of science’ paradigm, which focuses on the unidirectional transmission and dissemination of knowledge. Second, policy alternatives consist of policy goals and combinations of set policy means to achieve these goals. The fact that there is little difference between policy alternatives in effectiveness shows that there is a lack of rationale in the layered structure and causal relationship between the high-level goal, sub-goals, and policy means, making it unsuitable for accomplishing the defined goals. Third, despite that public research institutes possess S&T-related information, equipment, and research facilities as research facilities working in highly specialized fields of S&T, there is a lack of specialized scientific culture-related activities for the public. Finally, there is a lack of policy alternatives suitable for the needs of the public. Currently, scientific culture-related activities at public research institutes are focused on raising the profile of the institute, with the emphasis placed on science and technology rather than the public, There is also a lack of differentiated scientific culture-related activities to address the diverse needs and characteristics of individuals making up the public. 4. Conclusion Interaction with the public and the restoration of trust in science through such interaction are key factors in achieving PUS. Therefore, the scientific culture-related policy goals of public research institutes have to be adjusted so as to shift away from the popularization of the science paradigm to the new paradigm of PUS. First, looking at policy implementor, policy means that can utilize the unique characteristics of public research institutes have to be developed. Public research institutes are expert groups who are better positioned to understand and explain the science to the public, more than any other group. The professional manpower, advanced equipment, research facilities, and research outcomes that they possess should be utilized to give the public opportunities to participate in order to fully utilize the strengths of public research institutes. Second, looking at needs, as reflected in the perceived importance of the sub-components of PUS, the public views emotional aspects such as awareness, enjoyment and interest as being more important than rational aspects such as thinking about science, and the understanding of knowledge, theory and processes. Therefore, policy alternatives that can promote awareness and spark interest in science among the public should be developed. Additionally, different policy alternatives should be developed for different target groups of scientific culture-related activities, so as to better meet the needs of the public, Finally, to achieve bi-directional communication with the public, there has to be institutional infrastructure to provide comprehensive support and act as a medium between the public, public research institutes, and the media used in the transmission of S&T information. Ultimately, there has to be participatory governance for a scientific culture in which scientific culture policy makers, experts in science and technology, media professionals, and members of the public can share their opinions and be part of the policy making process.

이중 특이성 포스파타제인 BCI-215의 미토겐 활성화 단백질 키나아제 경로를 통한 멜라닌 생성 억제 효과에 대한 연구

최명은 울산대학교 대학원 2022 국내석사

An Experimental Study on the Performance Characteristics of the Vortex Tube for Substitution of the Intercooler

최명 충남대학교 대학원 2008 국내석사

This paper describes the experimental studies of the temperature separation phenomenon in a counterflow type vortex tube. he effects of several factors on the energy separation efficiency in the experimental vortex tubes have been investigated, such as the nozzle area ratio, length, materials and interior roughness, shape of the throttle valve, sleeve, and orifice diameter of cold end. At the same time, its energy separation characteristics have been confirmed including temperature distributions in a low pressure vortex tube and air flow rate of the vortex tube. (1) During the variation of nozzle area ratio(Sn), the maximum temperature difference between inlet air and hot air(ΔTh,max) appears at Sn=0.142, and the maximum temperature difference between inlet air and cold air(ΔTc,max) appears at Sn=0.164. (2) The variation of the maximum wall temperature along the vortex tube surface provides useful information for the location of the stagnation point of the flow field at the axis of the vortex tube. (3) The maximum temperature difference between inlet air and hot air (ΔTh,max), and the maximum temperature difference between inlet air and cold air (Tc,max) appear at L=14D. (4) The maximum temperature difference between inlet air and hot air (ΔTh,max) of the vortex tube made of acryl is 6% higher than the steel vortex tube. And for the steel tubes, the maximum increment of ΔTh,max is approximately 20% for different roughnesses at inner surfaces. (5) The ΔTh,max and ΔTw,max appear at 60˚cone angle. (6) When apply the sleeve, in the low pressure vortex tube, ΔTh,max and ΔTw,max increase 10%, respectively, at y_(c)=0.9. (7) The ΔTc,max appears at the orifice diameter of cold end ζ=0.6 over the range of y_(c)=0.5-0.6, and ΔTh,max appears at ζ=0.7. (8) The air flow rate in the vortex tube increases as inlet pressure increases or as the nozzle area ratio(Sn) of vortex generator increases. After that, the possibility of the substitution of the intercooler has been confirmed by realizing the performance characteristics of the vortex tube. To apply diesel engine and improve the maximum cooling efficiency, the characteristics of large-size vortex tube have been investigated experimentally as well as analytically. (1) At P_(0)=1.2kgf/㎠ and y_(c)=0.6, the cold air (ΔTc) shows the maximum cooling efficiency up to 64%. And at y_(c)=0.8, the hot air (ΔTh) shows up to 33% increment. (2) Comparing cold air (ΔTc) cooling efficiency with the cooling efficiency of the intercooler at the same spot of yc, the ΔTc cooling efficiency shows approximately 22% improvement under the conditions of 2000rpm and engine load 50%. By contraries, for high engine speed and high engine load, the cooling efficiency of intercooler was approximately 10% higher than vortex tube. For substitution of the vortex tube to the intercooler device and for avoiding decreasing the energy separation efficiency, a new system should be conceived. It is recommended that the nozzle area of the vortex generator could be regulated to vary the air mass flow to the combustion chamber for various engine speeds and loads, and the cold air mass flow ratio yc which is directly related to the energy separation characteristics could be regulated properly.

외식업체 영양표시에 대한 소비자의 인지도, 활용도 및 만족도 : 대전지역 베이커리와 아이스크림점을 중심으로

최명 忠南大學校 大學院 2011 국내석사

As the people eat out more nutrition imbalance due to eating-out is becoming a risk factor which causes the chronic disease. So nutrition labeling mandates for eating-out industry has begun to operate from January 2010 as one of the national health promotion programs. To activate the use of nutrition labels, the related basic survey research should be done for eating-out consumers. For this purpose, the study about consumers who visit bakery and ice-cream store which provide high-calorie products was carried out. Perception, use and satisfaction about nutrition labeling of eating-out industry was investigated by self-recorded questionnaire from May 9th to July 10th 2010, in 629 participants who visit 4 chains bakery(n=409) and 3 chains ice-cream store(n=220) located in Daejeon. Of the participants 46.6% were male and female 53.4%, ages 20~29 years 68.8% was the most, according to the BMI normal weight(18.5~22.9) is 64.9%, 59.8% of the participant thought himself or herself was underweight, 46.1% had never tried to lose weight and 28.3% tried 1~2 times. Of the subjects 80.9% were unmarried and 75.8% of the married had children. College students were the most 72.0%, employee 16.0%, housewife 4.8%, middle and high school student 4.0%. 1. Of the subjects 59.3% visited the bakery or ice-cream store 1~3 times per month, and the most common reasons for visiting the bakery or ice-cream store were ‘sometimes I would like to eat(49.9%)’, ‘good taste(40.1%)’, and only 1.0%(n=6) visited the store because of ‘full of nutrition’. Most of the subjects(70.6%) visited the bakery or ice-cream store with a friend or a colleague and taste(81.2%), price(31.2%), and style of the menu(21.9%) were the most considered about when selected a menu. 2. Only 38.2% of the participants knew about nutrition labeling mandates for eating-out industry, that was much less than 76.2% who knew about processed food nutrition labeling. Married subjects knew it better than the unmarried and housewife than the office worker or students. The 74.9% had seen the nutrition label before in the bakery or ice-cream store and saw the nutrition label first by the store promotion material, TV advertisement and internet. Among the 5 nutrients which were obligatorily labeled on the menu, energy, saturated fat, sodium in bakery and energy, carbohydrate, saturated fat in ice-cream store were chosen to be more interested and useful. Besides the subjects wanted trans-fat and cholesterol to be added to the menu. Also the subjects thought the best placement of nutrition labeling were menu book, wrapper, display stand and menu board. 3. Based on the results about the necessary and effect of nutrition labeling, the mean value of ‘all the restaurants need nutrition labeling’ was 3.3(Likert 5), ‘necessary of education about nutrition labeling’ was 3.80, and nutrition labeling can ‘help choosing a menu(3.80)’, ‘help managing weight-control(3.79)’, ‘provide nutrition information(3.60)’, ‘improve restaurant image(3.85)’. The participants were aware of the necessity and positive effect of nutrition labeling for out-eating industry. Perception of nutrition labeling was significantly higher among the subjects who were female, 10~19 years old, underweight and normal weight and often visited the bakery and ice-cream store. 4. The scores for understanding nutrition labels showed the participants understood the calorie of the menu(93.0%) and Daily Value of sodium(59.3%) very well but failed to understanding Daily Value(23.8%). Only 21.2% of the participants could understand the nutrition labeling completely and the participants who were normal weight, think him or herself over weight and obesity, often visited the bakery or ice-cream store had higher score. 5. Only 46.7% of the participants read the nutrition label in bakery or ice-cream store when purchasing and the participants who were female, tried to lose weight 3~4 times, visited the bakery 1~3 times per month were most likely to read nutrition label. 51.4% of the participants who read the nutrition label selected menu according to the nutrition label 3~5 times when visited the bakery or ice-cream store per 10 times. Also 46.9% of the participants changed the menu after reading nutrition in bakery or ice-cream store. 51.3% of the participants didn’t read the nutrition label because of ‘can’t see nutrition label’, ‘not interested in nutrition label’ and ‘have no time to read nutrition label’. Also most participants thought it’s the best that providing nutrition label before ordering. 6. Only 20.9% of participants changed the menu before after reffering the nutrition labeling. 78.2% of the participants thought that the price of the menu shouldn’t be raised even providing nutrition label and the participants who were male, 10~30 years, married thought it’s acceptable if the price increase is 5~10% due to nutrition label. In addition 71.7% of the participants were willing to revisit the bakery or ice-cream store which providing nutrition label at the same price. The participants who visited bakery were more likely to revisit than the participants who visited ice-cream store, and the participants who were more 40 years, married, middle and high school students, employee, housewife were significantly more likely to revisit. 7. Satisfaction for nutrition label’s in bakery or ice-cream store were not high. For providing location satisfaction score was 2.90 per Likert 5, for time 2.70, for labeling format 2.86. The results indicated that the nutrition readers knew much more nutrition labeling mandates of out-eating industry, were highly aware of the necessity and positive effects of nutrition label, had more score for understanding nutrition label’s information, thought that nutrition label should be provided freely, were willing to visit the bakery or ice-cream store which providing nutrition label at the same price, but weren’t much more satisfied with nutrition label than the participants not reading nutrition label. In conclusion, our study suggests that perception and use of nutrition labels on eating-out menu were still low since only 38.2% of the participants knew about the nutrition labeling of out-eating business, 21.2% understand the nutrition label completely, 21.9% changed the menu according the nutrition label. In order to evoke consumers’ attention about nutrition label of out-eating menu, more effective publicity activities and consumers’ education about nutrition label will be necessary. To understand Daily Value and all the kinds of nutrition label information correctly and help to select a menu when purchasing, differentiated consumers’ education according to the gender, age, weight condition, frequency of losing weight trial, frequency of visiting bakery or ice-cream store should be provided. From the results, many consumers were already aware of the necessary of education about nutrition label and would like to visit the restaurant providing nutrition labels and healthy menu. Therefore further research about the long-term effects of utilizing nutrition label when purchasing eating-out menus on consumers’ dietary life and nutrition will be interesting and necessary.