니세틸 정(아세틸-엘-카르니틴 500 mg)에 대한 뉴로세틸 정의 생물학적 동등성

조혜영,김은아,정현철,심영순,임동구,오인준,문재동,이용복 전남대학교 약품개발연구소 2001 약품개발연구지 Vol.10 No.-

Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC), an endogenous component of the L-carnitine family, is naturally occurring molecule synthesized from L-carnitine (LC) by carnitine acetyl transferase. ALC has been shown to improve the cognitive performance of patients suffering from dementia of the Alzheimer's type and proposed for treating Alzheimer's disease in pharmacological doses. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two ALC tablets, Nicetiler^TM (Dong-A pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and Neurocetil^TM (Kyung-Dong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration. Twenty six normal male volunteers, 22.80±2.76 year in age and 63.07 7.98㎏ in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized 2×2 cross-over study was employed. After one tablet containing 500㎎ of ALC was orally administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentrations of ALC in serum were determined using HPLC with fluorescence detector. Because of the presence of endogenous ALC, the calibration was performed using dialyzed serum. Pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC_t, C_max and T_max were calculated and ANOVA was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters. The results showed that the differences in AUC_t, C_max and T_max between two tablets were 2.72%, -0.65% and -8.42%, respectively, when calculated against the Nicetile^TM tablet. The powers (1-β) for AUC_t and C_max were 94.87% and 87.17%, respectively. Minimum detectable differences (Δ) at α=0.05 and 1-β=0.8 were less than 20% (e.g., 15.58% and 19.16% AUC_t and C_max, respectively). The 90% confidence intervals were within ±20% (e.g., -11.84∼6.41 and -10.57∼11.88 for AUC_t and C_max, respectively). Two parameters met the criteria of KFDA for bioequivalence, indicating that Neurocetil^TM tablet is bioequivalent to Nicetile^TM tablet.

니세틸 정(아세틸 - 엘 - 카르니틴 500mg)에 대한 뉴로세틸 정의 생물학적 동등성

조혜영,오인준,이용복,임동구,문재동,심영순,김은아,정현철 한국약제학회 2001 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.31 No.1

Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC), an endogenous component of the L-carnitine family, is naturally occurring molecule synthesized from L-carnitine (LC) by carnitine acetyl transferase. ALC has been shown to improve the cognitive performance of patients suffering from dementia of the Alzheimer's type and proposed for treating Alzheimer's disease in pharmacological doses. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two ALC tablets, Nicetile^(TM) (Dong-A pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and Neurocetil^(TM) (Kyung-Dong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration. Twenty six normal male volunteers, 22.80±2.76 year in age and 63.07±7.98 ㎏ in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized 2 × 2 cross-over study was employed. After one tablet containing 500 ㎎ of ALC was orally administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentrations of ALC in serum were determined using HPLC with fluorescence detector. Because of the presence of endogenous ALC, the calibration was performed using dialyzed serum. Pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC_t, C_(max) and T_(max) were calculated and ANOVA was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters. The results showed that the differences in AUC_t, C_(max) and T_(max) between two tablets were 2.72%, -0.65% and -8.42%, respectively, when calculated against the Nicetile^(TM) tablet. The powers (1-β) for AUC_t and C_(max) were 94.87% and 87.17%, respectively. Minimum detectable differences (△) at α=0.05 and 1-β=0.8 were less than 20% (e.g., 15.58% and 19.16% AUC_t and C_(max), respectively). The 90% confidence intervals were within ±20% (e.g., -11.84∼6.41 and -10.57∼11.88 for AUC_t and C_(max), respectively). Two parameters met the criteria of KFDA for bioequivalence, indicating that Neurocetil^(TM) tablet is bioequivalent to Nicetile^(TM) tablet.

화목피 추출물이 Streptozotocin 으로 유발시킨 흰쥐의 당뇨와 Free Radical 에 미치는 효과

임병우,서태원,신흥묵,박동기,김선여,조금호,김호철 대한본초학회 2000 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.15 No.2

Type I diabetes is caused by destruction of the pancreatic beta cells responsible for insulin-secretion. It can be induced by the drugs alloxan or streptozotocin (STZ). Both an increase in reaction oxygen free radical species and a decrease in the antioxidant defense mechanism lead to the increase in oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus. Oxygen radicals scavengers are effective in preventing diagetes in animal models. Experiments were conducted by two system. The Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with STZ intravenous injection after oral administrated Betula's extract and quercetin for a week, and were administrated them for a week. In vitro, Betula's extracts and quercetin showed a tendency towards inhibition of free radical oxidation in all. In vivo, Betula's extracts group exhibited suppression morphologic change in pancreatic islet compare quercetin group on light microscopy. The Betula's extract significantly inhibited formation of MDA compared to the STZ-induced diabetic group in pancreas.They also significantly inhibited formation of Phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide(PCOOH) compared to the STZ-induced diabetic group in pancreas and plasma, which considered defense against destruction in beta cells. The protection by Betula's extracts may be due to scavenging of deleterious and highly reactive free radical which is generated by STZ. In streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, the effect of Betula's extract are greater than that of quercetin. Based on this result, we concluded that Betula's extract has the ability to effectively suppress in vitro and in vivo oxidation, thereby providing additional evidence for their potential beneficial type I diabetes.

Fe-Cr-Si과 Fe-Cr-Pt 합금의 고온 cyclic 산화거동에 관한 연구

임채선,조현준,최송천,이동복 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1994 論文集 Vol.45 No.1

To investigate the cyclic oxidation behavior of Fe-Cr-Si and Fe-Cr-Pt alloys, both (82-94)wt% Fe-(5-15)wt% Cr--(1-3)wt% Si and (82-94)wt% Fe--(5-15)wt% Cr-(1--3) wt%Pt alloys were cyclically oxidized in air at 1000 and 1250℃. By the addition of Si or Pt, the oxidation resistance of Fe-Cr alloys was generally increased with the most pronouncing effects observed in Fe-15wt%Cr containing alloys. After oxidation, on the surface of Fe-Cr--Si alloys, complex oxide layers of Fe_20_3/Fe-Cr spinel/Si-rich oxide were formed, which provides the necessary oxidation resistance. Especially, Fe-15wt%Cr-3wt%Si alloys had best oxidation resistance because the inward diffusion of oxygen was considerably deterred owing to the formation of the protective inner Si0_2 layer from the initial oxidation stage. In Fe-Cr-Pt alloys, oxidation resistance was obtained by forming protective Cr_2 O_3 layers below initially formed outer Fe_2 0_3, layers. However, Fe-Cr-Pt alloys showed decreased oxidation resistance at 1250℃ compared with Fe-Cr-Si alloys.

브랜드 인지도와 광고가 콘택트렌즈의 착용감과 가격만족도에 미치는 영향

임동규 ; 신상준 ; 한지선 ; 이익한 ; 김진숙 김천대학교 2016 김천대학교 논문집 Vol.36 No.-

The purpose of this research was to analyze the effects of brand awareness and brand advertising on price satisfaction and comfort in contact lens. We did a survey with 200 university students (85 male, 115 female) who have experience of wearing contact lens from April to May in 2015. The brand awareness of contact lens influences to purchasing intention of contact lens, it effects women more than men. Many respondents(53%) replied that the reliability is the most important elements of the advertising. This survey indicates that there is no statistically significant correlation between the brand awareness and advertisement with price satisfaction in contact lens. Therefore we could confirm they have dissatisfaction for prices of contact lens regardless to brand awareness or advertisement. The brand and advertising dependence group have more comfort of contact lens than non-dependence group when they are long time wear of contact lens. Therefore, there is statistically significant correlation between the brand awareness and advertisement with comfort of contact lens. As a result, brand awareness and reliability of advertising influences to purchasing intention of contact lens. But there is no statistically significant correlation with price satisfaction in contact lens. Whereas, brand awareness and advertisement have a statistically significant correlation with comfort of contact lens.

효소면역측정법에 의한 우유중의 Aflatoxin M1 분석

손동화,임선희,이인원 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.5

국내산 우유중 aflatoxin M_1 (AFM_1)의 오염현황을 조사하기 위하여, 효소면역측정법(ELISA)을 개발하고 이를 이용한 독소의 정량을 행하였다. 항체의 생산을 위하여 AFM_1 bovine serum albumin 결합체를 Freund's adjuvant와 함께 토끼에 피하주사하여 면역하였다. 가장 높은 항체역가를 보인 항혈청과 AFB_1-horseradish peroxidase 결합체를 이용하여 직접법에 의한 경합적 효소면역측정법(competitive direct ELISA ; cdELISA)의 조건을 확립하였으며, 그 검출한계는 0.003ppb로 나타났다. 또한 유사독소에 대한 교차반응율은 aflatoxin M_1, M_2, B_1, _2, G_1, G_2, B_2a, and G_2a 에 대하여 각각 100, 29.9, 25.0, 2.7, 13.0, 0.65, 0, 및 0%이었다. 다음으로, AFM_1을 인위적으로 오염시킨 우유를 C_18 cartridge로 세척후 cdELISA로 분석하였을 때, 0.01~1 ppb(10~1,000 ppt)의 범위에서 그 회수율의 평균은 104%(CV의 평균, 6.4%)로 나타났다. 시유 및 목장우유를 대상으로 AFM_1의 오염현황을 cdELISA로 조사하였을 때, 평균 오염도는 80.4±55.0 ppt (n=64; range, 5,6~280 ppt)이었다. For a survey of the occurrence of aflatoxin M_1 (AFM_1) in domestic cow's milk, we developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system, and quantitated the toxin in cow's milk. In order to produce specific antibodies AFM_1 conjugated to bovine serum albumin (AFM_1-BSA) and Freund's adjuvant were immunized subcutaneously to rabbits. By use of the antiserum showing the highest titer and AFB_1-HRP conjugate, we established a competitive direct ELISA (cdELISA) for AFM_1 whose detection limit was 0.003 ppb. The cross-reactivities of the antiserum against aflatoxin M_1, M_2, B_1, _2, G_1, G_2, B_2a, and G_2a were 100, 29.9, 25.0, 2.7, 13.0, 0.65, 0, and 0%, respectively. When the cdELISA was applied to the cow's milk spiked with AFM_1 and followed by cleanup with C_18 cartridge, the mean recovery of the assay was 104% (mean of CV, 6.4%) in the final concentration of 0.01~1 ppb (10~1,000 ppt). When cow's milk samples gathered from markets and farms were assayed by the cdELISA, the mean concentration and SD of AFM_1 was 80.4±55.0 ppt (n=64; range, 5,6~280 ppt).

한국해안으로부터 Purple, Non-Sulfur Photosynthetic Bacterium, Rhodobacter sp. EGH-24의 분리 및 특성

차미선,김기한,조순자,이나은,이정은,이재동,이상준,박재림 한국환경과학회 2003 한국환경과학회지 Vol.12 No.12

A species of facultative photo-organotrophic, purple, non-sulfur bacterium was isolated from the 47 point at west and south coast of Korea in September 2001. Separated 13 samples of changes with red color under 28~32 ℃, 3000 lux, anaerobe conditions for 7 days cultivated in basal medium. For pure isolation from 13 samples, we used agar-shake tube method (0.4 % agar) and separated 5 strains through 13-repetition test. EGH-24 and EGH-30 was identified as the same strain through the RAPD(Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA)-PCR of strain EGH-9, EGH-13, EGH-23, EGH-24, EGH-30. Four isolates cultivated in synthesis wastewater for wastewater biodegradation test. EGH-24 was selected with efficient wastwater treating strain. Based on the results obtained from morphology, nutrient requirements, major bacteriochlorophyll content, 16S-rDNA phylogenetic analysis, EGH-24 strain may be identified as a new strain of the genus Rhodobacter and named Rhodobacter sp. EGH-24.

저온저장과 Nisin처리가 물김치(개량 동치미)의 저장성에 미치는 영향

정동선,임경화,정원철 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 1997 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.9 No.-

천연항균물질인 nisin에 의한 물김치의 신선도 유지 효과를 조사하기 위하여 숙성된 물김치에 nisin을 첨가 후 저온저장하며 pH, 총산함량, 젖산균수, 대장균군수 등의 변화를 측정하였다. Nisin을 첨가한 물김치는 저장 20일까지 pH 감소 현상이 거의 나타나지 않은 반면, 4℃에 저장한 시험구의 pH는 서서히 낮아져 저장 20일에는 pH 3.41이었고, 2℃에 저장한 시험구의 pH도 약간씩 감소하였다. 물김치내 젖산균수는 4℃에서도 지속적으로 증가함과 더불어 산도도 증가하여 저장 20일에는 초기의 2배에 달하였다. Nisin첨가구의 젖산균수는 첨가 직후 균수의 급격한 감소현상이 있었으나 저장기간이 길어짐에 따라 서서히 증식하여 저장 13일 이후에는 초기 균수 보다 많아졌다. 그러나 nisin첨가구에서의 총산함량은 거의 증가하지 않은 것으로 보아, 물김치내 젖산균이 nisin에 대한 내성이 생겨 nisin에 의한 생육저해효과가 높지는 않으나 내성균주에 의한 산생성능은 약해진 것으로 보인다. 물김치의 저장 중 대장균군수는 산도가 높아짐에 따라 감소하여 4℃ 저장 13일이후에는 대장균군이 나타나지 않은 반면, nisin 처리구에서는 대장균군의 사멸속도가 매우 완만하게 나타난 점으로 보아 nisin 처리에 의해 산생성이 억제되어 신선도는 오래 유지되나 대장균군 억제효과는 낮은 것으로 나타났다. Effect of nisin to extend the freshness of mul-kimchi was investigated by measuring the change in pH, Total acidity, and microbial counts of mul-kimchi during preservation at low temperature. Preservation of mul-kimchi at 2℃ reduced the rate of pH decrease, but preservation at 4℃ resulted in a significant decrease in the rate of pH decrease and Total acidity increase in mul-kimchi. However, nisin treatment into mul-kimchi reduced acid production by lactic acid bacteria, and kept the freshness much longer than that of 2℃ preservation. Lactic acid bacteria in mul-kimchi contained nisin was significantly decreased in number right after addition of nisin, but it started to grow slowly and reached to the original number after 13days of preservation. Nisin also allowed coliforms to survive in mul-kimchi longer than in control. Therefore, nisin can be used to control the over-acidification of mul-kimchi, if only the initial contamination of colifoms is low.

디스크형 산화구리 촉매담지 세라믹필터의 제조와 물성

홍민선,문수호,이재춘,이동섭,임우택 한국대기환경학회 2004 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.20 No.2

A catalyst with CuO ceramic filter for simultaneous treatment of dust and HAP was prepared and characterized. Catalytic ceramic tilter can not only potentially achieve the substantial savings in energy but provide with effective optimization and integration of process for simultaneous removal of S0₂ㆍ NOx and particulates from flue gases. Catalytic ceramic filters remove simultaneously particulates on exterior surface of filters and reduce NO to N₂and H₂O by SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) process. Preparation of catalyst impregnated ceramic filter with disk shape (Ψ50) follow the processing of alumino-silicate ceramic filter, support impregnation and catalyst impregnation(copper oxide). Preparation routes of alumino-silicate catalyst carrier suitable for production of catalytic filters practically were studied and developed using the sol-gel and colloidal processing, homogeneous precipitation and impregnation method. Characterization of the catalyst, catalyst carrier catalytic filter materials have been performed the using various techniques such as BET, XRD, TGA, SEM. Combination of the sol-gel and colloidal processing and impregnation method is recommended to prepare catalyst carriers economically for catalytic filter applications.

발효과채음료 starter용으로 분리한 효모의 동정과 특성연구

정동선,임경화 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 1999 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.11 No.-

과채젖산발효액의 풍미 개선을 위하여 방향생성 효모를 원료 혼합액에서 분리하여 동정하고, 최적발효조건과 발효특성을 조사하였다. 분리된 효모는 저온(4℃) 및 혐기적 조건에서 생육을 하며 방향성을 부여해 주는 효모로서 형태학적, 배양학적 특성 및 생리학적 특성을 조사한 결과, Saccharomyces dairensis로 동정되었다. 분리된 효모를 과채발효음료용 starter균주로 활용하기 위한 최적조건을 조사한 결과, 과채흔합액을 젖산발효시킨 후 효모를 접종하고, 효모의 접종농도는 0.1% (v/v)로서 4℃의 저온에서 후발효시킨 시험구의 풍미가 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 효모를 첨가하여 후발효시킨 과채발효액의 유기산 함량은 효모 무첨가구에 비해 lactate, malate 함량은 변화가 거의 없었으나, citrate는 감소하였고, succinate는 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 발효액의 휘발성 화합물을 GC-MS를 이용하여 분석한 결과, 효모에 의한 후발효를 수행한 발효액은 과일향을 내는 alcohol과 ester화합물을 비롯한 각종 휘발성 화합물을 많이 함유한 것으로 확인되었다. To improve flavour characteristics of fruit & wegetable boverages fermented by lactic acid bacteria, flavour-producing yeast was isolated from raw materials and used as a starter culture for post fermentation of fruit & vegetable beverages. The isolated strain was identified as Saccharomyces dairensis, and can grow at low temperature and produce flavour compounds under anaerobic condition. The optimum condition for improving flavour of beverages was carrying out post-fermentation by yeast at 4℃, followed by lactic acid fermentation of fruit & vegelable mixture. The amounts of lactate and malate were not significantly changed in broth post-fermemed by yeast. However, citrate was reduced, whereas succinate was increased. Volatile compounds of the post-fermented broth were analysed by GC-MS, and alcohols and esters were detected much more in broth post-fermented by yeast than in broth without yeast culture. Therefore, it is proposed that the isolated strain, Sacch. dairensis, can produce aroma compounds during post-fermentation and may improve flavour of the beverages fermented by lactic acid bacreria.