위암 환자의 복강내 투여를 위한 Activated Charcoal-Alginate Bead 제형으로부터 Mitomycin C의 용출 거동

이진호,최선웅,서중기,김동민,정경수,오정연,김진향,노승무,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,강대영,송규상,양준묵,조준식,정현용,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

Locoregional recurrence is the most common type of recurrence in surgical operation of gastric adenocarcinoma, and peritoneal dissemination is one of the most difficult problems in advanced gastric adenocarcinoma treatment. Because the peritoneal cavity is the most common site of the first recurrence after gastric cancer resection, intraperitoneal chemotherapy seems a logical choice for cancer chemotherapy. In this study, Mitomycin C (MMC)-activated charcoal (CH)-alginate (ALG) beads were prepared by the mixtures of CH particles adsorbed with MMC as an anti-cancer drug and aqueous alginate solution. The alginate is recognized as biodegradable, nontoxic, and biocompatible. The release of MMC from the beads in 0.1 M Tris buffer was stable and continuous until about 1 week. The MMC-CH-ALG beads can be applied in the peritoneal cavity for intraperitoneal chemotherapy since they provide a good adhesiveness on the tissue and controlled release pattern of the drugs.

거동 가능한 정읍지역 노인층에서 영양 지표의 정상분포

이은주,심선진,김정호,이무송,이영수 대한노인병학회 2002 대한노인병학회지 Vol.6 No.1

절수에 의한 Mongolian Gerbil 장기중량변화에 관한 분석연구

김무강,이기훈,이강이,송치원,이경열,권효정,박미선,정승혁,이행연,김명철 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 2000 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.8 No.-

In this study, authors measured the each organ weight of the long term water deprived Mongolian gerbil, after then we calculated the mean, standard deviation, variance coefficient of the real measured organ weight and induced the organ weight change quantity, rate of quantity, deviation between measured and theological organ weight, deviation rate, sum of deviation rate, organ weight change rate, rate of organ weight by the mathematical formula. The results obtained as follow 1. The weight of the brains, lung, and testis were abruptly decreased after water deprived until the 5th day, after then slowly decreased until the 20th day. 2. The weight of the heart was decreased gradually from the first day until the 20th day. 3. The weight of the liver was abruptly decreased until the 10th day, after then the more slowly decreased until the 20th day. 4. The weight of the thymus, spleen, kidney, and pancreas were abruptly decreased until the 15th day, after then increased slowly until 20th day but the weight of the kidney was abruptly increased from the 10th day. 5. The organ weight change rate and the rate of the each day organ weight were very diversified.

당뇨병과 동반된 화농성 간농양의 임상상 및 예후인자

오은숙,강무일,이원영,오기원,임동준,이소영,이정민,고승현,김성래,안유배,손현식,윤건호,차봉연,이광우,손호영,강성구 대한당뇨병학회 2000 임상당뇨병 Vol.1 No.1

연구배경: 감염질환은 혈관질환과 함께 당뇨병의 중요한 사망원인의 하나이며, 혈당조절이 불량할수록 감염 빈도가 증가됨은 잘 알려져 있다. 간농양의 발생이 있어서도 당뇨병은 중요한 기저질환 중의 하나이다. 일반적으로 간농양의 가장 흔한 원인균은 Escherichi coli라고 알려져 있으나, 최근 당뇨병을 가진 간농양 환자에서 Klesiella pneumoniae의 검출이 증가되고 있다. 또 최근 연구에 의하면 K.pneumonie가 간농양의 가장 흔한 원인균이며, K. pneumoniae에 의한 간농양은 K.pneumoniae 이외의 균주에 의한 간농양보다 당뇨병과 밀접히 관련되어 있다고 보고된 바 있다. 이에 저자들은 간농양 환자를 대상으로 당뇨병환자의 빈도를 알아보고, 그 원인균 및 특징을 비당뇨병 환자들의 경우와 비교해 보고자 하였다. 방법: 1992년 1월부터 1999년 6월까지 방사선학적 검사 혹은 수술에 의해 간농양이 확인되거나, 경피적 천자나 수술을 통한 배농액 배양, 혹은 혈액 검사에서 원인균이 증명된 182명의 환자를 대상으로 후향적 임상고찰을 실시하였다. 결과: 화농성 농양을 가진 167명의 환자(남:94명, 여:73명)중 당뇨병을 가진 환자는 54명 (남:30명, 여:24명)으로 32.3%를 차지하였다. 환자의 평균나이는 당뇨군에서 62.1 ± 13.4세, 비당뇨군에서는 55.1 ±15.5세로 당뇨군에서 높았으며(p=0.0021), 남녀간의 평균나이 비교 시 두 군 모두 여성의 나이가 의미있게 높았다. 비당뇨군에 비하여 당뇨군의 경우 저알부민혈증의 빈도와 aspartate transaminase가 증가되어있었다. 원인균주는 K. pneumoniae (당뇨군54%, 비당뇨군 39.1%), E. coli(당뇨군 17.5%, 비당뇨군 18.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus viridans, Enterococcus 순이었으며 두 군간의 의미는 차이는 없었으나 K. pneumoniae의 경우 다른 균종에 비해 단독감염의 빈도가 높았다(82.8%). 사망률은 당뇨군에서 16.7%, 비당뇨군에서 7.1%로 당뇨군에서 의미있게 높았으며(p=0.019), 당뇨군에서의 사망환자는 모두 패혈증이 동반되어 있었다. 당뇨환자의 사망군은 생존군에 비해 당뇨병 이환기간이 길고 혼합감염의 빈도가 높았다(p=0.046). 검사실 소견에서는 총 빌리루빈 및 알카리성 포스파타제의 증가가 관찰되어 있었다. 결론: E. coli가 간농양의 주된 원인균이라는 기존 보고와는 달리 당뇨군과 비당뇨군 모두 K. pneumoniae가 간농양의 주된 원인균이었다. 또한 당뇨 유병기간이 길고 당뇨조절이 불량한 환자에서 혼합감염이며 총 빌리루빈 및 알카리성 포스파타제의 증가등과 같은 위험인자가 존재할 경우 사망률이 증가될 수 있으므로 이들 군에서는 적극적인 치료가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. Background: Liver abscesses are commonly associated with underlying disease, particularly diabete mellitus. The number of the liver abscesses caused by Klebslella pneumoniae in diabetic patient has been increased in Korea nowadays. This study was conducted to clarify the clinical presentation and prognostic factors of pyogenic liver abscesses, especially in diabetic patients and to determine the proportion of K. pneunomiae as a pathogen in liver abscess in Korea. Methods: Medical records of 167 patients treated for pyogenic liver abscess from January, 1992 through June, 1999 were reviewed retrospectively in detail. Major Pathogenic organism, clinical manifestations, prognostic factors, the importance of diabetes mellilus as an underlying disease and its effect on clinical features and prognosis were analyzed. Results: Among 167 cases of pyogenic liver abscess, underlying diabetes mellitus was present in 32.3%. The mean age of patients was 62.7 13.4 years in diabetic liver abscess group and 55.1 15.5 years in non-diabetic liver abscess group. Most liver abscesses were cryptogenic in origin or secondary to the billary tree diseases. The clinical presentations among the two groups were not significantly different. When compared to patients without diabetes, patients with diabetes had significantly higher proportions of hypoalbuminemia and elevated aspartate transaminase level. The most common organism of the pyogenic abscess was K. pneumoniae in both groups. Percutaneous drainage of the abscess with appropriate antibiotics was the most commonly used therapeutic modality in liver abscess. The mortality rate of diabetic liver abscess is 16.1 % and 7.1% in nondiabetic liver abscess. Complications, especially septicemla, were found more frequently in patients with diabetes than in patients without diabetes (64.8% vs 28.3%, septicemia : 31.5% vs 9.7%). The factors influencing mortality in the diabetic liver abscess were disease duration, mixed infection, presence of septicemia, elevated bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase. Conclusions: In contrast to prior report that the E. coli was the most common pathogen in liver abscess, we found that K. pneumoniae was the most common organism cultured in liver abscess. Diabetic patients have more complications and higher mortality than patients without diabetes. Early detection and proper treatment are needed to improve the outcome for diabetic patient with liver abscess.

피부미용사의 스트레스와 근골격계 자각 증상과의 관련성

이은희,전선복,이무식,김남송,장문정 한국미용학회 2001 한국미용학회지 Vol.7 No.3

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of skin beauty artist's stress to musculoskeletal subjective symptom to identify what factors are related to skin beauty artist's musculoskeletal subjective symptom. The subjects in this study were 211 selected skin beauty artists. A survey was conducted from March 11 to 31, 2001, with standardized self-reporting questionnaire to find out the general characteristics, perceived stress level and musculoskeletal subjective symptom. The findings of this study were as below; l. All the skin beauty artists investigated were female. 110 skin beauty artists (52.1%), more than half them, were highschool graduates, 117(55,5%) were unmarried, and the mean career was 52,74 months(four years and four months). The daily mean working hours were 10.61, and the actual daily mean working hours were 7.94. 2. For health habit. 19(9.0%) skin beauty artists were smoker, which indicated that most of them didn't smoke. 136(64.5%) people, more than half them, drank alcohol, and just 72(34.1%) got exercise. 3. In regard to the relationship of general characteristics to stress, the unmarried group was more stressed as they got a score 69.25(SD 12.45), compared to the married group that got 66.30(SD 11.50). The difference between the two group was significant (p<005). The nondrinking group were more stressed out with 69.42(SD 11.50) than the drinking group with 65.87(SD 12.97). The difference between the two was significant(P<0.05). The group that didn't get exercise were more stressed with 70.17(SD 12.11) than the workout group with 64.26(SD 11.27), and the difference between the two was significant(P<0.05). By career, the group that had worked for 34 months or less were more stressed with 70.47(SD 12.38) than the other group that had worked for more than 35 months with 65.87(SD 11.48). And the difference between the two was significant. 4, As for the correlational relationship between musculoskeletal symptom to relevant variables, stress was positively correlated to musculoskeletal symptom and the pain of neck, shoulder, back, arm, hand, wrist, waist and leg. Their stress had a positive correlational relationship with the symptom in every part. The younger people made more complaint of the symptom of shoulder, back and leg, and those who had worked for less period were more stressed out. The findings of this study suggested that there was a relationship between stress and musculoskeletal subjective symptom. To prevent stress and musculoskeletal subjective symptom, there should be an attempt to ease stress. The break time should be offered regularly during working hours, and amicable human relations should be kept. The right health habit should be formed in daily living, and stretching exercise and health care should be done more thoroughly.

반복 접합/압연공정을 이용한 Fe/Ag 다층 복합 판재제조

이정무,이법로,강석봉 대한금속재료학회 2005 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.43 No.4

Fe/Ag multilayered composites which have the layer thickness below 50 nm have been fabricated by the repeated bonding and rolling method. The effects of processing variables on the microstructures of Fe/Ag multilayered composites were investigated. Multiple necking and multiple rupture occur during the rolling process. The initial thickness ratio of the constituent phase of the multilayers affects the occurrence of the multiple necking and rupture. The smoothness of the layer is related with the total thickness reduction in the bonding/rolling cycle. In the initial stage of the process, large strain partition occurs in the soft Ag layer, and due to hardening of the Ag layer during the rolling process, the strain partitioning of the Fe and Ag layer becomes similar. Accordingly the layer thickness of the two constituent phase becomes similar in the final stage of the process. (Received January 19, 2005)

중등체육교육과정 변경에 따른 무용 교육 내용의 변천 고찰

정청자,이무영 江原大學校附設 體育科學硏究所 1992 江原大學校附設體育科學硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.17

The curriculum of the secondary physical education in Korea has been reformed four times, in 1963, 1973, 1981 and 1987 respectively, ever since it was first established in 1955 by The Ministry of Education. And, the dance education program, being merely a part of the physical education in the course throughout the period, has been naturally changed accompanied by the reorientation of the curriculum. In the initial stage, 1955∼1963, the dance education was treated as insignificant and all they could do in the class was to cram the existing works because the first curriculum established in 1955 attached stress mostly on health, hygiene and physical strength. From 1963 to 1973, the second stage, the education for the whole man was particularly emphasized, and in dance education, thereafter, stress was placed on cultivation of the creativity and the power of expression that can help oneself to express ones body motion. The distinctive feature for the third stage, 1973∼1981, was that the program became active since it was settled to form 15% of the course. And the program was classified into theory of the dances, creative dances, Korean folk dances and foreign folk dances. The main point of the program in the fourth stage, 1981∼1987 was substantially the same as that of the third stage wish minor difference in that the foreign folk cances were assigned into three different school grades so as to make the student familiar stepwise with various cultures and customs from all parts of the world. In the last stage, from 1987 to date, the great emphasis was placed on the original dance in which student's originality can be exercised through the creative action expressing inner world of human nature by means of body motion. Consequently, this study apparently indicates that the secondary dance education program has been ceaselessly progressed even though the pace has not been agreeable. It should be urged, however, to reconsider and improve in that 1) a given condition for the dance education program such as class hours, teachers and familities in charges fall far behind the other part of the art course, music and fine arts: 2) this program is restricted only for the girls, and 3) this program is not yet liberated from the physical education.

신체화장애 환자의 스트레스 대처방식 및 심리적 특성

이주연,이무석,윤진상,양종철,문지웅,정해원,은성종 大韓神經精神醫學會 2006 신경정신의학 Vol.45 No.6

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the stress coping strategies and psychological charactehstics, such as combined psychopathology and tendency of symptom interpretation, in patients with somatization disorder. Methods : Thirty patients meeting the criteria of DSM-IV somatization disorder were compared with thirty controls. We evaluated the subjects using Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), Somato-Sensory Amplification Scale (SSAS), Symptom Interpretation Questionnaire (SIQ), and The Ways of Stress Coping Questionnaire (SCQ). Independent t-test and Pearson correlation analysis were used. Results : From the results of SCL-90-R subscales, the scores of somatization, obsession-compulsion, depression, anxiety, and psychoticism were significantly higher in patients with somatization disorder than nonnal controls. Somatization disorder patients had greater amplification of physical sensation in SSAS and significantly higher score in physical interpretation of SIQ compared with psychological or environmental interpretation, In the SCQ of somatization disorder patients, we observed generallylower levels of total coping scores than the control group and significant positive correlation between passive coping style of SCQ and psychological interpretation of SIQ. Conclusion : These results show that patients with somatization disorder have various psychopathology, greater amplification of physical sensation, physical interpretation tendency of symptoms, and insufficient copying strategy.

주요우울증에 대한 Milnacipran의 효과 및 안정성 : Fluoxetine과의 비교

이민수,함병주,기백석,김정범,연병길,오강섭,오병훈,이철,정한용,지익성,최병무,백인호 大韓神經精神醫學會 2004 신경정신의학 Vol.43 No.4

Objectives : This 6-week, open label randomized, multicenter study was conducted to evaluate the antidepressant effect and safety of milnacipran and fluoxetine in patients with major depression. Methods : The study was done in patients with major depression diagnosed by DSM-IV who score ≥17 in 17 items Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (17-item HAM-D) and score ≥25 in Montgomery and Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). A total of 87 patients were randomized to milnacipran group and fluoxetine group. In cases of the patients taking other antidepressants, 6 weeks of each medication was administered after 7 days of drug excretion period. The evaluation was done using 17 item HAM-D, MADRS, Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI), and COVI scale after baseline, 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks. The side effects that had occurred during the period of our study were put in records by developed/disappeared time, severities, incidences, managements and results. Results : A total of 87 patients were enrolled. 70 (mitnacipran group 39 ; fluoxetine group 31) of them were included for the 6 weeks of research and 17 of them dropped out with in the first week, not due to adverse reactions or deficiency of effects. Total 17 item HAM-D scores, total points of MADRS, and CGI showed significant decrease after 1 week in each treatment group and continued decrease after 2 weeks and 4, 6 weeks. But there was no difference between milnacipran group and fluoxetine group in the antidepressant effect. There were no significant changes in vital sign, CBC, chemistry, and EKG in each treatment group. The commonly reported side elfects of minlacipran were nausea (25.0%), headache (10.7%), vomiting (7.1%),constipation (7.1%), dizziness (7.1%) and those of fluoxetne were GI trouble (11.1%), diarrhea (11.1%), insomnia (11.1%),agitation (5.6%), and dizziness (5.6%). Conclusion : Milnacipran was effective for the improvement of depressive symptoms and was well tolerated and safe in patients with depression.

이면(지구)도로특성을 고려한 과속방지턱에 관한 기초연구

이호무,금기정,최정한 명지대학교 공학기술연구소 1994 공학기술연구소 논문집 Vol.9 No.-

This paper describes the hump. It is a kind of traffic safety construction which is estabished in the community road. Its function is that reduce the running speed of vehicles. In the community road, we need a ensured safety of pedestrian ane exept of many kind of danger. And also it is very effective connect with improvement of residence enviroment or side of local traffic. By the way the problem in our case is the contents which provided present Road Traffic Law is took from standard of TRRL(Transport and Road Research Laboratory) in British without verification. So there are many kind of this construction removed primar function, reduce of running speed. The basic objective of this study is about to hump which has been used this traffic construction. (1) Standard of fundation, design criteria and all kind of condition. (2) After assessment including maintenance problem. 3) The study of driver's thought, considered driver's opinion. (4) Analogy of problem according to the actual conditions etc. We endeavored to find a guide of construct method, suit our actual circumstances on this study.