[특집] 이순신을 찾아서 : 최원식 교수와 함께하는 북콘서트

최원식 인천작가회의(작가들) 2020 작가들 Vol.- No.74

척추전방전위증에서 Titanium mesh cage를 이용한 후방추체간 유합술의 결과 : 척추경 나사 고정과 후측방 유합술 만을 시행한 경우와 비교

최원식,김환정,김규현,김영완,금덕섭,이병기,류창수 대한척추외과학회 1999 대한척추외과학회지 Vol.6 No.1

연구계획 : 본 연구는 척추전방전위증(퇴행성 및 협부형)의 수술적 치료에 있어서 Titanium mesh cage를 이용한 후 방 요추체간 유합술과 후측방 유합술 및 척추경 나사고정술을 시행한 군과 후측방유합술 및 척추경 나사고정술만을 시행한 군간의 방사선학적인 결과와 임상적 평가를 비교하였다. 연구목적 : 기존의 후측방 유합술과 척추경 나사고정술만을 시행한 경우보다 Titanium mesh cage를 이용한 후방 요 추체간 유합술을 추가적으로 시행한 경우에 있어서 그 결과 및 유용성에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : Titanium mesh cage를 이용한 후방 요추체간 유합술과 후측방유합술 및 척추경 나사고정술을 시행 한 환자군(30 cases)과 후측방유합술 및 척추경 나사고정술만을 시행한 환자군(49 cases)을 방사선학적 결과와 임상 적 평가를 통하여 후향적으로 비교 분석하였다. 결과 : 추가적인 후방 요추체간 유합술을 시행한 군에서 전위정복의유지(전위정복소실율: 0.7%/2.59%), 시상각교정 유지(시상각교정소실: 1.27。/3.65。), 추간판 높이의 복원유지(추간판높이 복원소실률: 2.6%/7.6%)가 통계학적으로 유의하게 우수하였으며, 통계학적인 의미는 없었으나 골유합율(불유합율: 3%/10%) 및 임상적 평가(우수: 67%/59%) 에서 좀더 나은 결과를 보여주었다. 결론 : Titanium mesh cage를 이용한 추가적인 후방 요추체간 유합술은 기존의 후측방유합술과 척추경 나사고정술 만을 시행하는 것보다 방사선학적인 결과와 임상적 결과에서 우수하리라 사료된다. Study Design : This is a retrospective study analysing and comparing what between posterior lumbar interbody fusion plus posterior lateral fusion(PLIF+PLF) and PLF alone for Spondylolisthesis(Degenerative type+Isthmic type). Thirty patients were treated by posterior lumbar interbody fusion(PLIF) using Harms’ cage and posterolateral fusion(PLF) with transpedicular screw fixation. Forty-nine patients were treated by posterolateral fusion with transpedicular screw fixation. Objectives : This is to verify the advantages of adding posterior lumbar interbody fusion using Harms’ cage to the usual posterolateral fusion with transpedicular screw fixation. Summary of Background Data : Interbody fusions have certain distinct mechanical advantages over posterolateral ones. Autologous cancellous bone is the preferred graft material, but might be soft to maintain the disc space during fusion. Methods : Union rate, slip reduction, sagittal angle correction, disc height restoration, and clinical results by Lin’s criteria were analysed. Results : Nonunion was observed in 5 PLF cases(10%) and one PLIF case(3%). Loss of slip reduction was 0.7% in PLIF and 2.59% in PLF(P<0.05). Loss of sagittal angle correction was 1.27°in PLIF and 3.65°in PLF(P<0.05). Loss of disc height restoration was 2.6% in PLIF and 7.6% in PLF(P<0.05). Clinical evaluation in PLIF+PLF was excellent in 67%, good in 30%, and fair in 3%. Clinical evaluation in PLF was excellent in 59%, good in 33%, and fair in 8%. More excellent results were noted in PLIF+PLFcases. Conclusions : Adding posterior lumbar interbody fusion using Harms’cage showed better radiological results and more excellent clinical results compared to posterolateral fusion with transpedicular screw fixation.

식육위생관리 현황과 위생대책

최원식 한국수의공중보건학회 1990 예방수의학회지 Vol.14 No.2

디자인 씽킹과 린스타트업을 통합한 디자이너를 위한 스타트업 교육 개발 - 한국디자인진흥원 “우수디자인 아이디어 글로벌 창업지원”사례 -

최원식,나건 한국인더스트리얼디자인학회 2015 산업디자인학연구 Vol.9 No.2

Designer environment has changed in the creative economy. The design demand has also changed form aesthetical and functional to new design value and startup business. In USA, designers tend to open new startups. Co-founder of Airbnb is designer graduated RISD. In Korea, employment rate for design majors is 51.7% in 2013. The number of freelance designers was increased dramatically about 22,905 freelancers from 2010 to 2013. The purpose of this paper is to develop startup education program for unemployment designers as well as potential freelancers to lead successful startups. Qualitative research of advanced leading design universities in the world and korean startup education program have been studied. In addition, Qualitative research by questionnaire and epilogue or design teams who attended "Global Startup Support of Excellent Designers’ Idea” by Korea Institute of Design Promotion have been studied. The startup education program was designed 5 modules of startup essence, biz model, customer development, funding & intellectual property and launching with 17 programs combined 10 tools of design thinking in design field with lean canvas and customer development of lean startup. The designers who have had training, exercising and mentoring were satisfied and operate their business successfully. This program combined design thinking with lean startup will be used for other academic field and exceptionally will be needed for industrial designer under IOT(Internet of things) area. 창조경제 시대에서 디자인 환경이 많이 변화 되고 있다. 심미적이고 기능적인 디자인에서 새로운 가치 확대와 스타트업에 대한 기대가 높아지고 있다. 최근 미국에서는 디자이너의 스타트업 진출이 활발하다. 대표적인 숙박 공유앱 에어비앤비(Airbnb)의 창업자들은 로드아일랜드 디자인스쿨의 디자이너 출신 창업가다. 2013년 국내 디자인 관련 학과 졸업생의 취업률은 51.7%있으나, 이 취업률은 2010년에서 2013년 사이 22,905명의 프리랜서 디자이너의 증가로 인한 것이다. 본 연구는 미취업자 및 프리랜서 준비자에게 사전에 스타트업에 대한 준비와 성공적인 창업을 유도하기 위한 체계적인 스타트업 교육 프로그램개발에 목적이 있다. 선진 디자인 대학사례와 국내 창업교육에 대한 질적 조사와 한국디자인진흥원 주관 “우수디자인 아이디어 글로벌 창업지원”에 프로그램에 도입, 참여자를 대상으로 양적조사를 수행했다. 디자이너 스타트업 교육 프로그램은 디자인 씽킹 개념의 실행 방법인 디자인 씽킹의 10가지 도구와 린스타트업 방식의 린캔버스 및 고객개발 도구를 결합하여, 스타트업 에센스, Biz 모델, 고객개발, 특허 및 펀딩, 출시 준비 등의 5가지 모듈과 17가지 세부 교육 안으로 구성된 통합적 스타트업 교육프로그램을 도출하였다. 도출된 프로그램에 참여하여 교육, 실습, 멘토링을 받은 참여자들에게 설문조사과 에필로그를 통해 교육 내용 및 교육 방법에 대해 만족스러운 평가를 얻게 되었고, 디자이너의 성공창업을 위한 좋은 교육프로그램 될 이것으로 기대된다. 디자인씽킹과 린스타트업과의 유기적인 교육프로그램이 타 분야에서도 유용할 것으로 기대되며, 특히 IOT(Internet of Things)시대 상황에서 IT와 산업디자인의 융합에도 잘 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

호텔 레스토랑 고객 공격행동에 따른 종사원 감정반응의 행동의도가직무성과에 미치는 영향

최원식 (사)한국조리학회 2020 한국조리학회지 Vol.26 No.8

This study aims to empirically analyze the effects of hotel restaurant customers’ aggressive behaviors on employee’s deep acting, positive psychological capital, constructive deviant behavior and job performance. For setting up the population, F&B employees working at seven 5-Star hotels in Seoul were selected as the subjects of this empirical analysis. For this survey, a total of 280 questionnaires, 40 copies for each hotel, were distributed for 31 days from June 03, 2020, to July 3, 2020. As the final data for statistical analyses, 235 copies (83.9%) of the questionnaires were used except for some questionnaires where the bias of the response was too strong, or the missing value was found. The analytical result of this study confirms that causality exists between the customers’ aggressive behavior and the employees’ deep acting, positive psychological capital, constructive deviant behavior, and job performance in hotel restaurants. According to this in-depth analysis, readers will have to work hard in the customer contact area, identify problems or difficulties experienced by employees, present solutions, and create a free communication culture within the organization, so that you will have to work hard to encourage employees to actively participate. It is necessary to improve the functioning of the organization and to enable constructive and positive action in the organization.

세포내 멜라닌 생성 및 Collagenase와 Elastase에 대한 Coenzyme Q10 유도체들의 억제활성

최원식,장도연,남석우,어진용,이경주 한국응용생명화학회 2008 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.51 No.3

Coenzyme Q10 and six derivatives of coenzyme Qn were synthesized and tested for their inhibitory effects on melanogenesis occurred in murine melanoma (B16/F1) cells and on collagenase/elastase activities as well. As the result, synthetic coenzyme Qn showed a potent inhibitory effect on melanin formation, collagenase and elastase activities in all tested concentrations. Among these synthetic compounds, coenzyme Q1 and coenzyme Q2 potentially inhibited melanin formation and elastase activity when compared to other coenzyme Qn derivatives. For the collagenase activities, all coenzyme Qn derivatives inhibited 80-85% of controls. As compared, coenzyme Qn derivatives exhibited strong inhibitory activities with the decrease of isoprenoid unit number of coenzyme Qn derivatives except for collagenase activity. For the inhibition of collagenase activity, moiety of benzoquinone might be considered as the active functional group. Taken together, coenzyme Q1 and coenzyme Q2 might be used for functional cosmetics. Coenzyme Q10 and six derivatives of coenzyme Qn were synthesized and tested for their inhibitory effects on melanogenesis occurred in murine melanoma (B16/F1) cells and on collagenase/elastase activities as well. As the result, synthetic coenzyme Qn showed a potent inhibitory effect on melanin formation, collagenase and elastase activities in all tested concentrations. Among these synthetic compounds, coenzyme Q1 and coenzyme Q2 potentially inhibited melanin formation and elastase activity when compared to other coenzyme Qn derivatives. For the collagenase activities, all coenzyme Qn derivatives inhibited 80-85% of controls. As compared, coenzyme Qn derivatives exhibited strong inhibitory activities with the decrease of isoprenoid unit number of coenzyme Qn derivatives except for collagenase activity. For the inhibition of collagenase activity, moiety of benzoquinone might be considered as the active functional group. Taken together, coenzyme Q1 and coenzyme Q2 might be used for functional cosmetics.

현대사회 디지털기술 변화에 따른 가구디자인에 관한 연구

최원식 한국공간디자인학회 2011 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.6 No.4

현대 공간 패러다임의 변화와 디지털 기술이 가구디자인에 미치는 영향을 분석하여 공간의 진화가 가져오는 미래 가구개념의 다양성을 파악한다. 오늘날 디지털 기술 변화는 가구를 독립된 상태로 존재하지 않고 필요에 따라 두 가지 이상의 결합된 양상으로 나타나며, 가구의 시스템화가 공간의 가변성을 증대시켜 새로운 트렌드로 대두되고 있는 것을 확인할 수 있다. 이러한 경향은 사회 전반에 복합적으로 영향을 받아 형성되며 이것은 가구 위치, 유형, 라이프스타일에 영향을 미치게 된다. 디지털 기술과 정보통신 제품의 발달로 전자제품의 소형화, 경량화, 고기능화, 다양화 되면서 전자제품은 가구와 융합적인 형태로 나타나고 있다. 이와 같이 다가올 시대에는 공간의 변화를 인지하지 않고서는 디자인 경향에 대해 논할 수 없을 것이며 디자인과 공간, 공간과 가구, 가구와 인간은 필요에 따라 상호작용하게 된다는 더 큰 가능성을 보고 폭넓은 가구디자인 개발을 살펴보았다. The change of paradigm of space in modern time and digital technology are absolute elements of alternation of whole living space. So various understandings about concepts of future furniture design can be possible through analysing the effect of digital technology on space. In today, the development of digital technology produce the furniture to combine more than two concepts, not sole. Systematic arrangements of furnitures-which increase a flexibility of space-is a new trend. This can be made by various effects of general society and have influence on arrangement patterns of furnitures and lifestyles. By development of digital technology and communicative equipment, electronic products will be miniaturized, lighten, polyfunctional and diverse form and appears combining form with furnitures. Like this in days to come, it is necessary to recognize the change of space for trends of design. We studied about furnitures design with the possibilities of interaction between design and space, space and furnitures, furnitures and the needs.

Calculation of Pressure Profiles in a Molecular Flow Regime using LTSpice IV

최원식,강건욱,김세현,박종도 한국진공학회 2016 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.25 No.4

This article describes an electrical network analysis (ENA) method to calculate the pressure distribution of a vacuum system in a molecular flow regime. The vacuum system was modeled using electrical components. For an accurate analysis, a complexly combined pipe model, excluding entrance conductance, was employed and the pressure distribution was simulated using ENA. A vacuum system comprising three vacuum pumps was used for simplicity. In addition, the ENA results were compared with results from finite element analysis (FEA) and experimental measurements. The pressure distribution profiles estimated from ENA, performed using the LTSpice IV software, were in agreement with FEA and experimental results.

서양과 일본 , 이중의 충격 사이에서 : 단재 신채호가 걸어간 길

최원식 민족문학사학회 2000 민족문학사연구 Vol.16 No.-

As Sino-centrism was fallen down due to the Western Impact, Japan, an agent of the West, scarted to invade East Asian countries in the name of Orientalism Danjae Shin Chae-ho(1880∼1936) advocated resistant nationalism, seeing through the sophistic characteristics of Japanese Orientalism After 3.1 Movement, he was aware of the limitation of nationalism, and inclining to anarchism. It is worthy to notice that during the course of his intelletual quest, he was influenced by Chinese and Japanese anarchists. In this paper, I analyzed his posthumous work, 「Grand Battle of Yong and Dragon」(1928), mainly focusing on his third option trying to overcome both capitalism and communism. The short story, which deconstructed and reconstructed the form and contents of traditional literature in the point of anarchism, is expressing the true awakening of Asia.

鐵原愛國團 사건의 문학적 흔적 : 羅稻香과 李泰俊

최원식 수원대학교 국어국문학회 1996 畿甸語文學 Vol.10-11 No.-