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구리-니켈 다층 나노 도막 제조와 전자파 차폐 효과 평가
최용 대한금속·재료학회 2020 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.58 No.9
Thin copper-nickel foil with multi-nano layers was prepared by pulse-electroforming to develop a high performance electromagnetic shielding material for electronic devices. The pulse electroforming conditions of the aqueous solution chemistry were selected based on the aqueous copper-nickel-sulfur phase diagram and an evaluation of the deposition rate using the finite element method based on the current distribution in front of a cathodic electrode. The thermodynamic stability diagram revealed that the coppernickel multi-nano layers could be formed at pH<4 and ΔE>1.0 V in a modified sulfide bath. The electro-formed copper-nickel multi-layer was well produced at the pulse plating conditions of –0.2VSHE, –0.5 mA/cm2, and 25 seconds for copper layer and –1.7 VSHE, –50 mA/cm2 and 80 seconds for nickel layer, which was composed of about 25 nm thick copper and about 30 nm thick nickel rich phases, respectively. The average deposition rate of the copper-nickel foil with multi-nano layers was estimated by the finite element method to be about 0.115 mm/sec, which was in good agreement with the real value of the thin multi-nano layered copper-nickel foil. The effectiveness of the electromagnetic shielding of the copper-nickel mesh with multi-nano layers was more than 30% higher than that of copper mesh in the frequency range of 8.2 and 12.5 GHz.
만성 신부전증 환아에서 성장호르몬 투여후 성장속도의 변화
최용,문형로,양세원 대한내분비학회 1993 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.8 No.2
We studied the effect of rhGH on the growth in seven children with chronic renal failure(CRF). All seven children showed normal GH responsed (peak GH response, more than 10 ng/mL) to classical GH provocative tests (L-dopa, Arginie), which results did not differ from that of healthy children. The change of height SDS for 1 year of rhGH treatment was from -3.47±1.31 to -2.74±1.57, which had no statistical significance (p$lt;0.1) The growth velocity during 1 year prior to and following rhGH treatment increased from 2.78±0.85 cm/hear to 11.24±7.90 cm/year, respectively, which had statistical significance (p$lt;0.05). One child who had had successful renasl transplantation showed an increase in the height SDS from -5.4 to -4.0 and an increase in the growth melocity from 3.2cm/year to 12.2 cm/year with rhGH treatment. The predicted adult height, obtained by Tanner-Whitehouse method, following GH treatment increased from 151.9±5.7 cm to 160.4±10.3 cm, which had marginally statistical significance(p=0.05) Subcutanat mass measured with triceps subcutaneous skin fold, decreased significantly with significant increase in muscle mass follwing rhGH treatment (p$lt;0.05) Through the period of rhGH treatment, we could not observe any side effect of GH treatment, such as hypothyroidism, glucose intolerance, or aggravation of renal function. Also we could not observe any exaggerated advancement of bone maturation(0.6±0.2 year/chronological year) during rhGH treatment, but less than the advancement of chronological age. (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 8: 157~163, 1993)
Application of Small Angle Neutron Scattering on the Analysis of Korean Compact Jaw Bone
최용,E. J. Shin,성백석,백두진 대한금속·재료학회 2012 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.18 No.5
Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) was applied to analyze the nano-structure of normal and osteoporosis compact bones of Korean jaw-bones. The SANS profiles revealed the directional and regular distributions of plate-like bone crystals, lacuna rough surface and nano-sized canliculi in the compact bones. A smaller amount of bone crystals, lacuna and canliculi were present in the osteoporosis bone than in normal human bone. Microstructure observation by transmission electron microscopy and density measurement by bone densitometry supported the SANS evaluation.
최용,하태선 대한신장학회 1995 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.14 No.4
For the purpose of evaluating the origin of cultured glomerular epithelial cells(GEC), we applied immunohistochemical(IHC) and electron microscopic (EM) studies to characterize the cultured rat GEC. After isolation by differential sieving method, glomeruli were explanted and maintained in a medium(K1-3T3) consisting of equal parts of a Kl medium and conditioned medium taken from cultures of NIH 3T3 fibroblasts grown in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's mediurn plus 10% fetal calf serum. Morphologically distinct GEC grew out from the isolated glomeruli and they were cultured continuously. The grown GEC(early stage within 7 days after glomerular explantation) and continuously cultured cells were characterized by IHC using primary antibodies, such as, monoclonal antibodies to cytokeratin, desmin, Thy 1.1, and vimentin and EM methods. At the sarne time, their results were compared with those of glomerular epithelium from rat kidney sections. The inverted light microscopic features of continuously cultured GEC were similar to those of primarily cultured GEC. Both prirnarily and continuously cultured GEC stained positive for cytokeratin and negative for desmin, Thy 1.1, and vimentin, which results were identical to the IHC results of parietal cells in situ. On the contrary, visceral epithelial cells in situ stained positive for vimentin and desmin and negative for cytokeratin. These results suggested that rat GEC in primary and continuous culture, expressed IHC characteristics of in situ parietal, not visceral epithelium. We could observe junctional complexes of the desmosome type in cultured GEC which were noted in parietal epithelial cells, not in visceral cells. In conclusion, the cultured epithelial cells might be glomerular parietal epithelial cells by comparing the IHC and EM characteristics of cultured GEC with glomerular epithelium from rat kidney sections. Therefore, we can use these cultured and characterized glomerular parietal epithelial cells (GPEC) for the study of their biologic functions or of the pathophysiology of GPEC-associated diseases, such as, crescentic glomerulonephritis.
The Dilemma of the “Axis of Evil”: The Rise and Fall of Iran–DPRK Relations
최용,신종대,이한형 한국국방연구원 2019 The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis Vol.31 No.4
This research examines the international relations between North Korea (the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea or DPRK) and Iran in the context of their shared perception of a threat from the United States. We discuss the conventional idea of the international relationship—the enemy of my enemy is my ally—to explain Pyongyang–Tehran relations, evaluate its past and current relations, and offer policy suggestions for the recent denuclearization approach toward North Korea and Iran. Using newly discovered archival resources and political records, we challenge the conventional idea that the two states share the same threat perception in a consistent manner and suggest the level of their military cooperation changes depending on the approach from Washington and the international community. This research provides a more exact picture of the international relations North Korea and Iran since the 1980s and of the link between their shared threat perception and denuclearization debates.